建筑防排烟系统常见问题探析

结合工作实际,就防排烟系统设计、施工中的防排烟方式、加压送风系统设置、防烟分区、排烟系统漏风量、中庭烟气分层、补风口设置及走道防排烟设计等问题进行分析,并对如何提高防排烟系统的实际效果提出了建议.     

建筑防排烟系统存在问题及对策

结合火灾烟气蔓延扩散的客观规律和防排烟工程的实际状况,分析了建筑防排烟工程存在的几个共性问题及其危害,剖析了出现这些问题的根本原因,提出了尽快制定一部统一的《防排烟系统设计规范》、加强防排烟系统的设计、施工队伍监督管理和部件质量管理的对策。     

浅谈高层建筑竖向疏散通道防排烟问题

烟气毒害是阻碍人员疏散和实施救援行动、致使人员伤亡的主要原因之一,因此,做好高层建筑的防排烟设计,提高防排烟系统的实际效用,有着极其重要的意义。分析了高层建筑防排烟设计的重要性,并以竖向疏散通道防排烟系统设置为例,介绍了高层建筑防排烟设计工作中存在的问题以及相应的改善策略。     

地下建筑火灾烟气危害及对策探讨

地下建筑发生火灾时,烟气对人员的危害十分巨大。对地下建筑烟气流动规律、人员的安全疏散及其防排烟措施进行了探讨。     

大型家具商场防排烟设计探讨

以基本概念为基础,从应用技术角度出发,有针对性地对大型家具商场的排烟方式的选择、防烟分区的划分和排烟系统设计要点进行了分析,旨在探讨完善大型家具商场防排烟系统设计所需的必要条件,以期对大型家具商场防排烟设计、审核及施工管理等工作起到一定的帮助作用。     

排烟系统ASET预测结果性能化评估

在性能化设计评估中,需要通过火灾烟气模拟的方法来预测人员可用的安全疏散时间,而设计火灾场景时排烟系统的情况设置对预测结果有很大影响。以某商业防火分区中庭排烟系统是否失效来研究这个问题,从而进一步说明排烟系统正常工作对保证人员安全疏散的重要性。     

民用建筑自然排烟系统设计与应用

针对目前国内建筑自然排烟系统设备应用过程中出现的问题,结合北京市地方标准《自然排烟系统设计施工及验收规范》,重点说明自然排烟系统的设计要求、设备应用、性能分析,分析了自然排烟系统在设计、施工及验收阶段的衔接性和重要性,并结合国外的做法和国内的规范给出现阶段可行的做法。     

中庭防排烟系统性能化设计探析

阐述中庭防排烟性能化设计的具体过程 ,并对防排烟系统设计的运用进行举例。     

浅析内装修工程防排烟系统设计的常见问题

在内装修工程中,出于减少建设资金投入、缩短施工周期等原因,导致防排烟系统设置不当或者随意改动原有系统的情况时有发生,由此产生诸多不符合规范要求的隐患.结合工作中的案例对此问题进行分析,指出建设单位不重视、设计单位未严格按规范设计是产生问题的重要原因,在此基础上提出了相应的建议,以引起相关单位的重视.     

高层建筑消防设计有关问题探讨

随着高层建筑的不断涌现,高层建筑火灾也不断发生.针对高层建筑的火灾特点,结合技术法规与实际工程情况,从防火分区划分、消防给水、防排烟系统等几个方面对高层建筑的消防设计进行了探讨.     

Putin – the masked nemesis of the strategy of ambiguity

Recent events demonstrate the complex and adaptive approach employed by Russia to reassert influence in Europe. The changing face of Russia’s strategy commenced in 2007 when it launched a crippling cyber-attack against Estonia. This was followed by a large Russian conventional attack against Georgia in 2008, occupying two large areas of the nation. 2014 witnessed the Russian annexation of Crimea where in just a week, Russia seized control of Crimea “without firing a shot.” The annexation of Crimea was rapidly followed by a Russian inspired and led subversive war in eastern Ukraine. The common thread among these diverse Russian operations is its use of ambiguity to confound and confuse decision makers in the West.     

India's counter-insurgency experience: the ‘trust and nurture’ strategy

The Indian Army, a force trained primarily for conventional warfare, has been engaged in internal counter-insurgency operations since the 1950s. Despite such a long innings on a counter-insurgency mode, little attention has been accorded within military circles to doctrinal innovation for waging sub-conventional warfare in India's democratic political context. At best, the Army continues to view counter-insurgency duty as secondary to its primary duty of defending India from external conventional threats. By conceptualizing a counter-insurgency strategy of ‘trust and nurture’, this article aims to fill this critical doctrinal gap in India's military policy. The author argues that a counter-insurgency strategy of ‘trust and nurture’ based on democratic political culture, measured military methods, special counter-insurgency forces, local social and cultural awareness and an integrative nation-building approach will result in positive handling of India's internal security problems. The author utilizes India's counter-insurgency experiences in Assam, Mizoram, Nagaland, Punjab, and Operation ‘Sadhbhavana’ in Jammu and Kashmir as illustrative empirical indicants in order to validate the ‘trust and nurture’ strategy.     

An Unlikely Alliance: Portuguese and South African Airpower in Angola, 1968–1974

The war that Portugal was obliged to fight in Africa began in 1961 and immediately stretched the resources of its armed forces. Nowhere was this thinness more apparent than in policing the vast territory of Angola. The east and southeast of Angola were particularly vulnerable, as the area was a vast, sparsely populated region characterised by enormous featureless plains or chanas covered in tall grass and broken by an extensive river system and mountainous forests. The only military solution to policing these immense spaces was aviation and specifically the helicopter that could carry troops into battle, protect them with a gunship and bring them home when the operation was concluded. The immediate problem for the Portuguese Air Force (Força Aérea Portuguesa or FAP) in Angola and elsewhere was a scarcity of helicopters. The solution was an alliance with South Africa, which had a strong inventory of Alouette IIIs, to help in policing the east. This move was likewise in the interest of South Africa, as its threat came from Zambia through south-eastern Angola. This article examines the strategic and tactical development of this unusual, cross-cultural alliance and the symbiotic relationship that resulted in destruction of the enemies of both in Angola.     

国内外结构钢焊条研究的现状与发展

本文主要介绍了国外焊条的现状和发展趋势,包括焊条的高韧性、高效率、低尘低毒和耐吸潮性能,为国内的焊条研究提供了参考依据。     

A Sign of Victory?: ‘Scottish Swords’ and Other Weapons in the Possession of the ‘Auld Innemie’

Many late medieval documents, notably inventories of arms and armour, of Englishmen contain references to ‘Scottish swords’ and other weapons. What did the compilers of these documents mean when they described a weapon as ‘Scottish’? How did such weapons come to be in the possession of these men? This article will attempt to explain this phenomenon drawing on primary documentary sources and surviving material culture from Glasgow Museums’ collections and others, as well as artworks from the period.     

Helping hands: civil–military cooperation and Italy's military operation abroad

In the Post-Bipolar Era the growing complexity of the military operations requires a new approach for the resolution of international crises. Since the end of the Cold War, peace support operations (PSO) have become the mainstay and principal occupation of most Western armies. At the same time, Italy has been one of the most important actors in such an area. The article focuses on the cooperation between military and civil components (a process called CIMIC) as a key variable in the Italian PSOs. We will analyse in detail the main lessons learned from past military interventions as well as the general context in which new tendencies are taking place. The maintaining of a minimum security frame becomes essential to fulfil activities ‘collateral’ to the mission: reconstructing services and infrastructure, food distribution, water and medication, law and order, de-mining, training of local forces, and supporting local institutions. These are the main tasks to obtain thrust and support from the population.     

Terrorism,insurgency, kidnapping,and security in Africa's energy sector

Energy continues to serve as the bedrock of modern economies and the main driver of modern society. For Africa, the production and supply of energy resources such as crude oil, natural gas, uranium, coal, biomass, biofuels and other renewables are an important source of employment, rents, taxes, royalties and profits. This sector brings in several tens of billions of dollars of revenue annually. The production and delivery of such resources, however, depend on critical infrastructures such as pipelines, refineries, processing plants, terminals, rigs, electrical energy pylons, substations, pump stations, vessels, and tankers. These infrastructures have been attacked by terrorists, insurgents, vandals and saboteurs, all of whom see them as targets against which to register their grievances and extract concessions from the state. This paper is a chronological account of some of the documented incidents of terrorism, insurgency, kidnapping, destruction, sabotage, and human casualties suffered in the oil and gas sectors in Africa between 1999 and 2012. It is based on data extracted from the databases of the RAND Database of World Terrorism Incidents and the University of Maryland's Global Terrorism Database (GTD).     

Cyberpower in Strategic Affairs: Neither Unthinkable nor Blessed

Abstract

This article explores the effect of connectivity on strategic affairs. It argues that the effect on war's character is potentially, although not yet shown in practice, considerably large. Its effect upon the distribution of power among states in the international system is small, contrary to the claims of ‘cyberwar’ alarmists. All told, however, its effect upon strategic affairs is complex. On the one hand, it represents a significant advance in the ‘complexification’ of state strategies, understood in the sense of the production of intended effects. On the other hand, strategists today – still predominantly concerned with the conflicts and confrontations of states and organised military power – are generally missing the power which non-traditional strategic actors, better adapted to the network flows of the information age, are beginning to deploy. These new forms of organization and coercion will challenge the status quo.