二项分布贝叶斯假设检验方法

分析了二项分布贝叶斯假设检验方法及其存在的问题,从贝叶斯决策分析出发推出了新的二项分布贝叶斯假设检验方法,基于实例证明了新方法对原方法有改进,新方法适于在武器装备靶场试验中推广应用.     

小子样情况下的概率性能指标评定方法研究

小子样情况下概率性能指标评定目前较常用的方法是二项分布Bayes假设检验方法,描述了该方法暴露出的问题,对方法进行了深入剖析,基于数学和工程背景对方法进行了改进,并通过实例验证了改进的有效性。     

基于假设检验的编队组织决策设计

从集中式和分散式组织结构分析出发,采用假设检验的方法,探讨了分布式结构假设检验在海军舰艇编队环境评估中的组织决策设计,并从决策设计和算法上对其进行了复杂性分析.研究结果表明,基于假设检验的组织决策是一个NP问题,就存在的问题提出算法和组织设计研究的思路.     

舰空导弹武器系统操控人员操作可靠性评估

针对舰空导弹武器系统操控人员操作使用影响问题,根据经典的人行为的S-O-R模式,通过串联模型框架,构建了武器系统操控人员操作可靠性评估模型,以评定武器系统操控人员的操作可靠度。其中,通过贝叶斯网络,评定武器系统操控人员分别在感知、判断决策和行动阶段的可靠性。即由专家根据实践经验,给定武器系统操控人员单个失误行为的似然率;通过采用模糊综合评价方法,评定武器系统操控人员单个失误行为的先验概率。     

基于Bayes小子样二项分布单元可靠性评定的仿真方法

对于小子样二项分布单元可靠度下限评定,经典方法有很大局限性,文中介绍了Bayes方法。并在其基础上提出基于Bayes方法的Monte Carlo仿真方法,示例证明,该方法有很好的应用前途。     

战术导弹武器系统战斗工作可靠度评估方法

针对战术导弹武器系统战斗工作可靠度的评定问题,提出了采用二项分布经典评估方法进行直接评估和基于CMSR法进行综合评估的2种评估思路;通过应用实例计算,对2种评定方法进行了比较分析。结果表明:对于分系统样本量差距较大的复杂武器系统,综合评估法会弱化大样本量分系统可靠性数据统计结果在整个系统可靠性评定中起到的作用,而采用直接评估法获得的评定结果是相对严苛的。该计算分析结论,对于复杂武器系统可靠性试验鉴定工作具有较高的借鉴参考价值。     

目标识别中的信息融合技术

本文介绍了目标识别的一般过程和不同融合过程(决策级、特征级和象素级)、比较了分类识别的主要方法:聚类分析、神经网络、物理模型、专家系统和模板法,阐述了目前在决策级分类融合中使用较多的经典推理,贝叶斯推理和D一S方法。最后还讨论了信息融合方法在图像目标识别中的应用问题。     

基于模糊贝叶斯网络的UAV中远距空战战术决策

针对无人机中远距空战战术决策时决策环境的不确定性和决策实时性问题,提出了基于模糊贝叶斯网络的无人机中远距空战战术决策方法。研究了无人机空战过程,对影响战术决策的主要因素进行分析建模,构建了战术决策的模糊贝叶斯网络。最后,利用模糊集合理论对连续型态势变量进行变参数模糊化,并输入战术决策网络进行推理,对该决策方法的正确性、实时性以及在不确定环境下的有效性进行仿真验证。     

模糊决策融合的红外弱小目标序列检测

针对红外序列图像中运动弱小点目标的检测问题,重点研究序列关联检测算法.在多帧关联检测的基础上,引入决策融合概念,建立了基于模糊决策融合的序列关联检测方法.基于贝叶斯最小风险准则建立分布式决策模糊融合方法,有效融合单帧检测的结果,提高序列检测算法的性能.实测数据的实验结果验证了基于贝叶斯最小风险准则的分布式决策模糊融合方法的可行性和有效性.     

基于BP神经化贝叶斯网络的空袭目标毁伤效果评估

针对空袭目标毁伤因素的复杂多样性,以及贝叶斯网络在评估时对先验知识获取和对网络节点限制方面存在的不足,提出一种BP神经化贝叶斯网络的评估方法,解决空袭目标的毁伤问题。分析了空袭目标毁伤的影响因素,并进行了知识表示;分析了贝叶斯网络结构处理多个父节点问题时存在的几个缺陷,建立了空袭目标毁伤评估的BP神经化网络结构,给出了"BP神经化模块"的决策方法。通过实例分析,结合Netica仿真,验证了该评估方法的准确性,操作简单、有效性好。     

精度鉴定与试验决策系统

本文综合运用序贯分析方法和Ｂａｙｅｓ方法,提出用序贯Ｂａｙｅｓ决策进行战略导弹的精度鉴定和试验设计,序贯Ｂａｙｅｓ决策中的损失函数不仅考虑了决策损失,还考虑了试验费用,这样即可将鉴定方法与试验方法结合起来考虑,给出最佳鉴定方案及试验次数。     

成败型产品的Bayes鉴定试验方案研究

利用可靠性增长模型给出了成败型产品鉴定试验的一种Bayes方法.提出了Bayes鉴定试验的最大后验风险准则,利用这种准则制定的鉴定试验方案综合了产品研制过程中的先验信息.在确保产品质量的前提下,与传统的鉴定试验方案相比,将大大节省试验时间.     

再入飞行器落点准确度的统计分析

本文研究再入飞行器的落点准确度(系统性偏差)的检验和估计方法。首先,文中引入了准确度的容许限的概念,在此基础上给出了Bayes验后加权概率比检验方法。关于落点系统偏差的估计,讨论了Bayes估计方法及带有约束的Bayes估计方法。文中注意了充分运用试验前的信息,以便使落点系统偏差的评估能在小子样场合下进行。     

Bayesian estimation: A sensitivity analysis

The robustness of the assigned prior distribution in a Bayesian estimation problem is examined. A Bayesian analysis for a stochastic intensity parameter of a Poisson distribution is summarized in which the natural conjugate is assigned as the prior distribution of the random parameter. The sensitivity analysis is carried out by assuming the existence of a true prior which is different in form from that of the assigned prior distribution. By using mean-squared error as a measure of performance, the ensuing Bayes decision function is compared to the corresponding minimum variance unbiased estimator. Results indicate that the Bayes estimator is largely robust to deviations from the assigned prior and remains squared-error superior to the MVU type within a broad region.     

Optimal stopping in software testing

In this paper we address the problem of how to decide when to terminate the testing/modification process and to release the software during the development phase. We present a Bayesian decision theoretic approach by formulating the optimal release problem as a sequential decision problem. By using a non‐Gaussian Kalman filter type model, proposed by Chen and Singpurwalla (1994), to track software reliability, we are able to obtain tractable expressions for inference and determine a one‐stage look ahead stopping rule under reasonable conditions and a class of loss functions. © 2002 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Naval Research Logistics, 2003     

Designing acceptance sampling schemes for life testing with mixed censoring

Mixed censoring is useful extension of Type I and Type II censoring and combines some advantages of both types of censoring. This paper proposes a general Bayesian framework for designing a variable acceptance sampling scheme with mixed censoring. A general loss function which includes the sampling cost, the time‐consuming cost, the salvage value, and the decision loss is employed to determine the Bayes risk and the corresponding optimal sampling plan. An explicit expression of the Bayes risk is derived. The new model can easily be adapted to create life testing models for different distributions. Specifically, two commonly used distributions including the exponential distribution and the Weibull distribution are considered with a special decision loss function. We demonstrate that the proposed model is superior to models with Type I or Type II censoring. Numerical examples are reported to illustrate the effectiveness of the method proposed. © 2004 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Naval Research Logistics, 2004     

A sequential bayes procedure for reliability demonstration

A common problem in life testing is to demonstrate that the mean time to failure, θ, exceeds some minimum acceptable value, say θ₁, with a given confidence coefficient γ. When this is true, it is said that “θ₁ has been demonstrated with a confidence γ”. In this paper a Sequential Bayes Procedure (SBP) for demonstrating (by means of. a probability statement) that θ exceeds θ₁ is presented. The SBP differs from the classical procedure in the sense that a prior distribution is assumed on the parameter θ, calling for a Bayesian approach. The procedure is based on the sequence of statistics.     

A bayesian approach to evaluating military investments in product improvement and testing

Two issues of frequent importance in new product development are product improvement and reliability testing. A question often faced by the developer is: Should the product be distributed in its present state, or should it be improved further and/or tested before distribution? A more useful statement of the question might be: What levels of investment in further improvement and testing are economically permissible? Products for which this question is relevant may vary widely in type and intended use. This paper presents a model for determining these levels for one such product—an equipment modification procedure. The model presented makes use of present value analysis to compare cost streams and of Bayesian statistics to relate the costs to various outcomes under conditions of uncertainty. The model is applied to an actual military problem and a method is described for examining the sensitivity of the results to changes in the prior probabilities and discount rate.     

基于贝叶斯模型的装备剩余寿命预测研究

为了解决武器装备日益复杂及维修工作日趋繁重的问题,运用贝叶斯模型预测装备修理后的剩余寿命,为合理安排其修理计划提供依据。替代传统的指数分布,用威布尔分布描述系统寿命特征,并运用极大似然方法和贝叶斯方法估计威布尔分布的两个未知参数,给出其置信区间。在此基础上,对先验样本和后验样本两种不同情况,分别运用贝叶斯模型预测装备修理后的剩余寿命,并给出实例。结果表明了该方法的有效性。