美军战时利用地方资源保障后勤装备维修的启示

文章从美军近期几场局部战争利用地方资源保障后勤装备维修的实践中,归纳出美军对战时利用地方资源保障后勤装备维修的几点认识,详细介绍了美军战时利用地方资源保障后勤装备维修的专业范围、方式和做法,对军队利用地方资源保障后勤装备维修提出了具体对策。     

美军PBL理论及对我军装备保障的启示

美军和其他一些西方国家实践证明:实施PBL(Performance Based Logistics)策略可提高武器系统的完好率,改进任务可靠度,节约保障资源,缩短保障反应时间,因此其理论及实践受到了国内外研究者及许多军队的重视。结合国内外理论研究成果及美军在PBL方面的实践,对PBL概念、实施步骤、实践应用进行了综述。结合实际,从保障理论研究、组织结构转型、合同商保障法规、教育训练等方面进行了思考,为落实武器系统全寿命周期管理、提高装备保障性能提供思路。     

合同商保障是我军装备保障的发展趋势

当前世界军队发展的趋势是减小军队编制,这就会与装备保障需求形成更大的矛盾,要解决这个矛盾唯一的方法是充分利用社会力量,走合同商保障之路。本文从合同商保障是适应现代高技术战争的需要,也是我军新军事变革的需要,合同商保障是军民一体化装备保障发展的必然趋势等三个方面论述了建立新型装备合同商保障是我军装备保障的发展趋势。     

美军装备合同商保障的主要做法及启示

本文在系统研究美军装备合同商保障成功经验的基础上,立足于我军装备保障的实际情况,借鉴美军先进的合同商保障经验,总结其不足,探索性的提出了建立具有我军特色的装备合同商保障的建议。对我军实行装备合同商保障,充分发挥整个国家在人力、物力和科学技术资源上的优势,把合同商保障方式、保障手段与我军编制保障力量更好、更合理的结合起来,为建立具有我军特色的装备合同商保障体制进行理论指导。     

建立战时快餐订购系统初探

快餐,是指预先做好的能够迅速提供顾客食用的饭食。在军事上,尤其是在战时,快餐食品也日益显示出巨大优势。据有关资料介绍,美军在海湾战争期间与地方快餐公司签订的订购合同达上万份。为适应高技术局部战争给养保障的需要,研制并建立适合我国国情的战时快餐订购系统,是一项十分迫切的任务。     

美国防部首席信息官推进网络信息体系建设研究

网络信息体系是联合作战的桥梁和纽带,是推动军队现代化建设的重要组成部分。近年来,美军从地方引进了首席信息官制度,借鉴企业的主要做法和成功经验,推进军队信息化和军事信息系统的发展,取得了显著效果。研究美军首席信息官制度对于加强军队网络信息体系建设具有重要的参考作用。本文分析了美国国防部首席信息官的主要任务和定位,阐述了下属机构的分工和职责,研究了美国防部首席信息官从战略规划、技术架构、云平台、人工智能、实战导向、安全保密和人才培养等方面推进美军网络信息体系建设的主要做法,在此基础上,结合军队建设实际,提出了推进网信体系建设的对策建议。期望该研究能为加强军队网络信息体系建设提供参考和借鉴。     

战时合同商保障风险评估研究

合同商保障风险的分析和评估,对于成功实施合同商保障具有非常重要的意义。首先对战时合同商保障过程中的可能遇到的风险问题进行了分析,建立战时合同商保障的风险评估模型,然后利用层次分析法得出模型中所需要的参数,最后进行了案例分析。     

复杂装备军民融合维修保障效益评价研究

针对军民融合维修保障中缺少对合同商效益评价,无法为合同商选择、合同续签等工作提供科学依据的情况,提出基于项目后评价理论的合同商维修保障效益评价理念。在分析了军民融合维修保障项目后评价内容的基础上,以效益评价为例对复杂装备军民融合维修保障效益评价进行分析。建立了合同商保障的费用分析模型和装备可用度模型。最后,通过算例对该方法进行了演示验证。     

基于性能的合同商装备保障研究

合同商保障可解决军队建制保障能力不足的问题,随着大型复杂武器系统在军队武器装备中所占比例的增加,合同商保障的地位也越来越高。但是包括传统的合同商保障在内的传统保障,存在着许多不足。基于性能的合同商保障有着传统保障所不具有的许多优点,可有效提高装备的战备完好性、减少装备的保障费用。探讨了基于性能的合同商保障与传统保障的不同,研究了基于性能的合同商保障的实施程序和基于性能的合同商保障模式。     

美军战时野营保障浅析

一、美军战时野营保障体制美军战时营房勤务工作不是由一个统一的部门来完成,而是由合成军队指挥官、工兵和后勤物资补给管理部门分头组织实施的。通过不同的机构,采取野营装备供应与住用设施管理等方法,高效率地实施战时营房勤务保障。具体地说,美军设施保障勤务的最高指挥官是国防部采办与技术副部长,各军兵种的营房业务由设施与后勤助理部长主管。战区陆军设有工兵指挥部,其下辖有工兵、测绘营和不动产维修分队;军、师编有工兵营,旅编有工兵连。战时由工兵部队构筑掩蔽部、防御工事、指挥所和其它各种临时用房;战时美军的营房物资器材由…     

Putin – the masked nemesis of the strategy of ambiguity

Recent events demonstrate the complex and adaptive approach employed by Russia to reassert influence in Europe. The changing face of Russia’s strategy commenced in 2007 when it launched a crippling cyber-attack against Estonia. This was followed by a large Russian conventional attack against Georgia in 2008, occupying two large areas of the nation. 2014 witnessed the Russian annexation of Crimea where in just a week, Russia seized control of Crimea “without firing a shot.” The annexation of Crimea was rapidly followed by a Russian inspired and led subversive war in eastern Ukraine. The common thread among these diverse Russian operations is its use of ambiguity to confound and confuse decision makers in the West.     

India's counter-insurgency experience: the ‘trust and nurture’ strategy

The Indian Army, a force trained primarily for conventional warfare, has been engaged in internal counter-insurgency operations since the 1950s. Despite such a long innings on a counter-insurgency mode, little attention has been accorded within military circles to doctrinal innovation for waging sub-conventional warfare in India's democratic political context. At best, the Army continues to view counter-insurgency duty as secondary to its primary duty of defending India from external conventional threats. By conceptualizing a counter-insurgency strategy of ‘trust and nurture’, this article aims to fill this critical doctrinal gap in India's military policy. The author argues that a counter-insurgency strategy of ‘trust and nurture’ based on democratic political culture, measured military methods, special counter-insurgency forces, local social and cultural awareness and an integrative nation-building approach will result in positive handling of India's internal security problems. The author utilizes India's counter-insurgency experiences in Assam, Mizoram, Nagaland, Punjab, and Operation ‘Sadhbhavana’ in Jammu and Kashmir as illustrative empirical indicants in order to validate the ‘trust and nurture’ strategy.     

An Unlikely Alliance: Portuguese and South African Airpower in Angola, 1968–1974

The war that Portugal was obliged to fight in Africa began in 1961 and immediately stretched the resources of its armed forces. Nowhere was this thinness more apparent than in policing the vast territory of Angola. The east and southeast of Angola were particularly vulnerable, as the area was a vast, sparsely populated region characterised by enormous featureless plains or chanas covered in tall grass and broken by an extensive river system and mountainous forests. The only military solution to policing these immense spaces was aviation and specifically the helicopter that could carry troops into battle, protect them with a gunship and bring them home when the operation was concluded. The immediate problem for the Portuguese Air Force (Força Aérea Portuguesa or FAP) in Angola and elsewhere was a scarcity of helicopters. The solution was an alliance with South Africa, which had a strong inventory of Alouette IIIs, to help in policing the east. This move was likewise in the interest of South Africa, as its threat came from Zambia through south-eastern Angola. This article examines the strategic and tactical development of this unusual, cross-cultural alliance and the symbiotic relationship that resulted in destruction of the enemies of both in Angola.     

国内外结构钢焊条研究的现状与发展

本文主要介绍了国外焊条的现状和发展趋势,包括焊条的高韧性、高效率、低尘低毒和耐吸潮性能,为国内的焊条研究提供了参考依据。     

A Sign of Victory?: ‘Scottish Swords’ and Other Weapons in the Possession of the ‘Auld Innemie’

Many late medieval documents, notably inventories of arms and armour, of Englishmen contain references to ‘Scottish swords’ and other weapons. What did the compilers of these documents mean when they described a weapon as ‘Scottish’? How did such weapons come to be in the possession of these men? This article will attempt to explain this phenomenon drawing on primary documentary sources and surviving material culture from Glasgow Museums’ collections and others, as well as artworks from the period.     

Helping hands: civil–military cooperation and Italy's military operation abroad

In the Post-Bipolar Era the growing complexity of the military operations requires a new approach for the resolution of international crises. Since the end of the Cold War, peace support operations (PSO) have become the mainstay and principal occupation of most Western armies. At the same time, Italy has been one of the most important actors in such an area. The article focuses on the cooperation between military and civil components (a process called CIMIC) as a key variable in the Italian PSOs. We will analyse in detail the main lessons learned from past military interventions as well as the general context in which new tendencies are taking place. The maintaining of a minimum security frame becomes essential to fulfil activities ‘collateral’ to the mission: reconstructing services and infrastructure, food distribution, water and medication, law and order, de-mining, training of local forces, and supporting local institutions. These are the main tasks to obtain thrust and support from the population.     

Terrorism,insurgency, kidnapping,and security in Africa's energy sector

Energy continues to serve as the bedrock of modern economies and the main driver of modern society. For Africa, the production and supply of energy resources such as crude oil, natural gas, uranium, coal, biomass, biofuels and other renewables are an important source of employment, rents, taxes, royalties and profits. This sector brings in several tens of billions of dollars of revenue annually. The production and delivery of such resources, however, depend on critical infrastructures such as pipelines, refineries, processing plants, terminals, rigs, electrical energy pylons, substations, pump stations, vessels, and tankers. These infrastructures have been attacked by terrorists, insurgents, vandals and saboteurs, all of whom see them as targets against which to register their grievances and extract concessions from the state. This paper is a chronological account of some of the documented incidents of terrorism, insurgency, kidnapping, destruction, sabotage, and human casualties suffered in the oil and gas sectors in Africa between 1999 and 2012. It is based on data extracted from the databases of the RAND Database of World Terrorism Incidents and the University of Maryland's Global Terrorism Database (GTD).     

Cyberpower in Strategic Affairs: Neither Unthinkable nor Blessed

Abstract

This article explores the effect of connectivity on strategic affairs. It argues that the effect on war's character is potentially, although not yet shown in practice, considerably large. Its effect upon the distribution of power among states in the international system is small, contrary to the claims of ‘cyberwar’ alarmists. All told, however, its effect upon strategic affairs is complex. On the one hand, it represents a significant advance in the ‘complexification’ of state strategies, understood in the sense of the production of intended effects. On the other hand, strategists today – still predominantly concerned with the conflicts and confrontations of states and organised military power – are generally missing the power which non-traditional strategic actors, better adapted to the network flows of the information age, are beginning to deploy. These new forms of organization and coercion will challenge the status quo.