基于RCS的空间目标识别研究

空间目标的雷达探测与识别技术在航天监测、开发利用空间资源方面具有广阔的应用前景。空间运动目标RCS序列为非平稳时间序列,常用时间序列分析方法很难对其进行特征提取和识别。针对空间运动目标RCS序列的变化规律,引入小波变换以及模糊分类对空间目标的RCS序列进行特征提取和识别。实测数据处理结果表明,对于空间目标的旋转姿态识别,该方法取得了较好的实验结果。     

一种新的舰船辐射噪声特征提取方法

提出了一种基于Dopplerlet变换的舰船辐射噪声特征提取方法,给出了Dopplerlet变换分解流程。使用此种方法及基于小波变换、波形结构、自然尺度等的特征提取方法对收集到的舰船辐射噪声进行了识别试验,试验结果证明基于Dopplerlet变换的舰船辐射噪声特征提取方法更加有效。     

改进的SAR图像车辆目标姿态角估计方法

合成孔径雷达(SAR)对车辆目标的识别效果与目标的姿态角密切相关.如果确定了目标的姿态角,就可以大大降低识别系统的运算量,提高识别效率.Radon变换是一种检测目标姿态角的有效方法,但是Radon变换在实际应用中有一定的局限性.通过利用二维连续小波变换引入角能量密度函数的概念,提出了一种Radon变换和角能量密度相结合的姿态角识别算法.利用MSTAR公共目标数据库中的目标样本,通过实验验证该种方法能够准确的估计目标的姿态角.     

一种SAR图像特征提取和目标分类的新方法

提出了一种利用二维离散小波变换与核主成分分析结合对SAR图像进行特征提取的新方法.该方法对SAR图像进行三层小波分解后提取低频子带图像的核主成分分量作为目标的分类特征,利用支持向量机完成目标分类.采用MSTAR实测SAR目标数据集进行特征提取和分类实验,实验结果表明:该方法可以有效提高目标的正确识别率.     

基于小波变换和支持向量机的水下目标分类方法

水下目标识别技术是世界各国十分重视的研究课题之一,具有重要的理论和应用价值。简要介绍了小波变换、多分辨率分析及支持向量机的基本原理,针对舰船辐射噪声信号,利用小波变换来完成信号的预处理和滤波,在小波变换后信号的多尺度子空间上提取信号的能量特征参数,归一化处理后构建特征向量,最后用支持向量机算法进行分类。仿真结果表明,利用小波变换的多分辨率分析和支持向量机能对舰船辐射噪声信号进行有效分类识别。     

小波变换在说话人识别中的应用研究

利用小波的多分辨特性提取说话人的语音特征参数,以及在预处理过程中运用小波分解去除噪声的基本原理和方法,分析了小波变换在说话人识别过程中不同阶段的应用。总结了小波变换对提高说话人识别系统的识别率具有重要的意义,并且提出了小波变化在说话人识别中运用所存在的问题和难点。     

基于小波分析的子带特征提取与选择方法

在研究了目标图像多尺度小波分解特性的基础上,提出了基于小波多尺度分解子带主成分的特征提取的算法。该算法利用图像在不同尺度的小波变换域中能量局部集中性,选择各子带能量较集中的局部小波系数构成图像目标特征向量。这种特征包含图像目标的主要边缘、纹理、灰度、结构等多种信息。由于对图像目标的特征信息的分布没有任何限制,因而适用于多种类型的图像的特征提取,可以解决单一特征提取方法中必须面对的所提取特征不明显的难点。这种特征向量对噪声有较好的鲁棒性。     

基于小波能量矩的高分辨距离像特征提取

传统的小波能量特征提取方法没有考虑到每个分解频带上能量的时域分布.针对这一缺点,对传统方法进行了改进,提出了一种基于小波能量矩的局部能量提取方法,用于雷达高分辨距离像的特征提取.小波能量矩既反映了每个频带的能量大小,也反映了能量在时域轴的分布情况.目标识别仿真结果表明,基于小波能量矩的特征提取方法在识别率方面的性能优于传统方法.     

基于二维小波变换的空间目标识别算法

对于空间目标识别这个具有挑战性的研究课题,提出了基于二维小波变换的空间目标识别算法。该算法首先对空间目标的ISAR像进行二维小波变换,然后从近似分量和细节分量中提取奇异值特征,最后应用径向基函数(RBF)神经网络进行分类识别。计算机仿真实验表明,该算法取得了比较好的识别效果。     

小波分析及其在核爆与闪电识别中的应用

探讨了基于小波变换的特征提取与识别方法,并将该方法用于核爆信号与闪电信号的识别中,结果表明,该方法是很有效的（正确识别率几乎可达１００％。     

Reviews

Douglas S. Derrer, We Are All the Target: A Handbook of Terrorism Avoidance and Hostage Survival. Annapolis, MD: US Naval Institute Press, 1992. Pp. x+135, notes, index. $14.95. ISBN 01–55750–150–5

Ian Knight, Zulu: Isandlwana and Rorke's Drift, 22–23 January 1879. London: Windrow & Greene, 1992. Pp.136, 150 illus., incl 8 colour plates, maps, biblio. £35. ISBN 1–872004–23–7

Ian Knight, By the Orders of the Great White Queen: Campaigning in Zululand through the Eyes of the British Soldiers, 1879. London: Greenhill Books and Novato: Presidio Press, 1992. Pp. 272, 17 illus., 1 map. £18.95. ISBN 1–85367–122–3

Manfried Rauchensteiner and Erwin A. Schmidl (eds.), Formen des Krieges: vom Mittelalter zum ‘Low‐intensity’ Conflict’. Graz : Verlag Styria, 1991. Pp.208. DM35. ISBN 3–22–12139–7

Harold J. Kearsley, Maritime Power and the Twenty‐First Century. Dartmouth: Dartmouth Publishing Company, Limited, 1992. Pp.xv + 203, 13 diagrams, index. £32.50. ISBN 1–85521–288–9     

Panjwai: a tale of two COINs in Afghanistan

The US Army has two approaches to counterinsurgency operations in Afghanistan. One is hard, or combat-focused, and the other is soft, or development-focused. This study examines two US Army task forces deployed to Panjwai District, Afghanistan from 2012 to 2013. CTF 4-9 and 1-38 offer a meaningful comparison because they pursued these contrasting approaches among the same population and against the same enemy at the same time and place. The study compares each unit’s approach and finds that neither approach was successful absent the other. The article concludes by recommending further research into combining the approaches at the operational level.     

线性核时频信号表示及其仿真

根据ｃｈｉｒｐ信号在模糊域的特点,本文提出了线性核时频表示方法。这种方法在提高分辨率、消除交叉项以及抑制噪声等方面都具有较高的性能。理论分析和实验结果都证实了这种方法的有效性     

Putin – the masked nemesis of the strategy of ambiguity

Recent events demonstrate the complex and adaptive approach employed by Russia to reassert influence in Europe. The changing face of Russia’s strategy commenced in 2007 when it launched a crippling cyber-attack against Estonia. This was followed by a large Russian conventional attack against Georgia in 2008, occupying two large areas of the nation. 2014 witnessed the Russian annexation of Crimea where in just a week, Russia seized control of Crimea “without firing a shot.” The annexation of Crimea was rapidly followed by a Russian inspired and led subversive war in eastern Ukraine. The common thread among these diverse Russian operations is its use of ambiguity to confound and confuse decision makers in the West.     

Forecasting a Hurricane: Israeli and American Estimations of the Khomeini Revolution

The surprising ‘Arab Spring’ raises the question as to what would enable national intelligence to provide high quality warnings prior to the eruption of popular revolutions. This article uses new sources of evidence to trace and explain Israel's success in comparison to US failure at correctly estimating the course of the Iranian Revolution in 1977–79. In explaining this variance, the article shows that it was mainly the result of the intimate acquaintance of Israel's representatives in Iran with the local language, history and culture, as well as the ability to communicate with locals – tools which the Americans completely lacked.     

关于教师继续教育培训模式的思考

继续教育作为终身教育的重要组成部分和基本形式,对教师的发展成长意义重大。继续教育工作开展十多年来,取得了一定的成绩,但还存在不少问题,如学习动机较为被动,管理认识不到位,教学内容陈旧空泛,教学方法呆板机械等。随着课程改革的不断深入,继续教育必须采取相应的改进措施,树立以人为本,服务至上的观点,教学内容的前瞻性与实用性并重,教学人员进行整合,教学方法灵活多样,评价考核规范科学等,以此激活受训教师内在的学习动机,更大程度地提高继续教育培训的实际效果。     

用DirectShow实现网络视频

目前市场上的网络监控技术一般用昂贵的硬件设备来支撑,投资较大。在深入研究微软的DirectX9.0的基础上,提出如何用DirectShow软件技术和普通的数字摄像头来实现网络视频的监控和实现技术,内容涉及通信协议、视频的编码与解码技术、视频的编码格式和COM组件编程技术等,最终的实验结果令人满意,且费用低廉,技术可靠,为在高速局域网内构建视频监控系统提供有效的技术支持。     

Interpreting the Ribchester Helmet

In 1796 a 13-year-old boy playing on wasteland behind his father’s house in Ribchester, Lancashire discovered an assemblage of over 30 Roman artefacts, including a decorated brass helmet. Although partially corroded the Ribchester helmet is a fine example of a first-century AD cavalry sports helmet. This article considers how the interpretation of the helmet has evolved since its discovery. The multi-faceted iconography of the helmet with its mural crown diadem is that of an elite soldier and is paralleled in other examples of cavalry sports helmets of the Ribchester type. The long-neglected imagery on the helmet bowl is reinterpreted and seen not as a haphazard collection of randomly placed combatants but as a highly structured, symmetrical composition specifically designed to be viewed from different directions.     

Desert insurgency: lessons from the third Tuareg rebellion

This article provides an in-depth examination and analysis of the 2006–2009 Tuareg rebellion in Mali and Niger. It identifies the underlying reasons behind the rebellion, explores contrasting counter-insurgency (COIN) strategies employed by the two governments, and presents some lessons learned. While both COIN approaches ultimately produced similar peace settlements, the article argues that the Malian strategy of reconciliation combined with the selective use of force was far more effective than the Nigerien iron fist approach at limiting the size and scope of the insurgency and producing a more sustainable peace. It concludes by looking at the role of external actors, particularly the United States, and how the failure to internationalize the conflict was actually more beneficial to the local COIN effort, as well as to the longer strategic interests of the United States in the region.