双基地雷达的灵巧干扰效果分析

双基地雷达对传统的压制式干扰和欺骗式干扰有显著的抗干扰性,提出把截获的雷达信号通过卷积调制形成干扰信号,并对双基地雷达接收站发送的灵巧干扰方法。在分析灵巧干扰与传统压制式干扰和欺骗式干扰区别的基础上,建立灵巧干扰数学模型,详细分析了灵巧干扰对双基地雷达的干扰效果。仿真结果表明,灵巧干扰可以对双基地雷达产生兼有压制性和欺骗性干扰效果。     

对成像雷达的脉冲分段排序转发干扰

多假目标图像欺骗是目前宽带雷达干扰的难点。针对宽带雷达中常用的线性调频(Linear Frequency Modulated,LFM)信号,提出一种脉冲分段排序转发干扰方法。结合散射波信号模型,推导了合成干扰信号二维成像输出形式,讨论了假目标图像个数、分辨率与分段数以及转发次序之间的关系,并进行了仿真实验。结果表明该干扰方法可较便捷地产生多个沿距离向分布的假目标图像。结果对于成像雷达图像欺骗干扰具有理论指导意义。     

基于全脉冲分段转发的LFM雷达干扰方法

线性调频(LFM)脉冲雷达输出信号时延敏感于输入信号频率,基于此,文中提出了一种基于雷达全脉冲信号分段转发的干扰方法,通过对雷达完整脉冲信号的合理分段并排序转发,在LFM脉冲压缩雷达匹配滤波处理后形成多假目标干扰。利用群延迟原理揭示了脉冲分段转发干扰机理;根据干扰信号频谱和匹配滤波原理,推导了多假目标输出形式;给出了假目标幅度不低于真目标时脉冲分段数计算公式及假目标数目最多时对应的转发次序要求;仿真实验验证了理论分析的正确性。     

基于数字图像合成器的ISAR微动干扰方法

根据目标微动产生的微多普勒谱会影响ISAR成像的特点,提出了基于数字图像合成器的ISAR微动干扰方法。该方法将传统的固定假目标模板修改为具有一定微动特性的假目标模板,并将该模板对截获的雷达信号进行调制,得到了包含微动信息的干扰信号。研究结果表明该干扰信号不仅可以对ISAR形成微动特征欺骗干扰,还可以对ISAR图像造成一定程度的污染,甚至形成散焦压制干扰。最后,计算机仿真实验验证了该方法的有效性。     

间歇混沌采样灵巧干扰生成算法

针对目前间歇采样转发干扰(interrupted sampling repeater jamming,ISRJ)多假目标分布均匀与次假目标衰减快的缺点,提出一种间歇混沌采样灵巧干扰(interrupted chaotic sampling smart jamming,ICSSJ)生成算法。该算法首先产生Tent混沌序列,通过该序列控制采样时间窗长度和转发时间窗长度,生成间歇混沌采样信号,产生非均匀密集假目标群;其次,通过灵巧噪声对间歇混沌采样信号进行卷积调制,提高次假目标群归一化幅度,增加有效假目标数量;最后与间歇采样转发干扰中的切片干扰和脉冲随机转发干扰进行仿真对比实验。结果表明,该算法解决了多假目标分布均匀与次假目标衰减快的缺点,更好地兼顾了压制干扰与欺骗干扰的效果,大幅增加雷达接收机对干扰信号参数估计的难度,进而使得雷达识别与抑制假目标的能力大幅下降。     

一种雷达主瓣欺骗干扰抑制算法北大核心

针对单通道雷达受到主瓣干扰,提出了一种基于多周期采样的抗主瓣干扰方法。首先针对距离密集假目标欺骗干扰,建立了基于多脉冲重复间隔(paulse repeat interval)采样的抗主瓣欺骗干扰模型并对其可行性进行证明,然后对信号源个数进行估计,最后借助提出的盲源分离方法将干扰信号与目标回波信号分离,达到抗干扰效果。理论分析和仿真表明,该方法具有较好的分离效果及干扰抑制能力。     

一种雷达主瓣欺骗干扰抑制算法

针对单通道雷达受到主瓣干扰,提出了一种基于多周期采样的抗主瓣干扰方法。首先针对距离密集假目标欺骗干扰,建立了基于多脉冲重复间隔(paulse repeat interval)采样的抗主瓣欺骗干扰模型并对其可行性进行证明,然后对信号源个数进行估计,最后借助提出的盲源分离方法将干扰信号与目标回波信号分离,达到抗干扰效果。理论分析和仿真表明,该方法具有较好的分离效果及干扰抑制能力。     

卷积调制的SAR雷达二维间歇采样转发干扰技术

SAR雷达二维间歇采样转发干扰可以在距离向和方位向同时形成假目标串,对SAR雷达具有良好的欺骗干扰效果,但该方法存在间歇采样转发干扰共同缺陷。针对SAR雷达二维间歇采样转发干扰的缺陷,提出了基于卷积调制的SAR雷达二维间歇采样转发干扰方法,即对二维间歇转发干扰信号进行距离向和方位向的二维卷积调制,通过选择参与卷积调制信号的形式,可以产生灵活可控的干扰效果,能够有效克服间歇采样转发干扰的缺陷,理论分析和仿真实验证明了该方法的可行性、有效性。     

相位编码雷达间歇采样转发干扰分析

间歇采样转发干扰可形成逼真假目标串干扰效果。将该干扰思想用于相位编码体制雷达,介绍了相位编码信号脉冲压缩原理,在时域详细推导了回波信号和干扰信号的脉冲压缩输出形式,并理论分析了间歇采样转发干扰的干扰效果,相比在频域推导的结论,更加清晰地说明了相位编码信号间歇采样干扰效果;最后研究了间歇采样间隔、占空比、转发方式等因素对相位编码雷达干扰效果的影响。通过仿真实验验证了理论分析的正确性,该研究结果对于相位编码雷达形成单、多逼真假目标有着重要的理论指导意义。     

基于DRFM的机载PD雷达干扰研究

针对传统干扰技术对PD雷达干扰的不足,噪声干扰对干扰机功率要求高,欺骗干扰产生的干扰数目单一,基于当前对抗先进体制雷达的手段——DRFM,对PD雷达干扰进行研究。通过将截获的雷达信号存储、处理,按程序设定的转发间隔重复读出当前采样信号并转发,产生了多个距离欺骗假目标;通过对每次转发干扰进行频率调制,产生了包含距离速度欺骗的一系列假目标;并经过Matable仿真验证了在PD雷达窄带滤波器中,出现多个距离或速度欺骗假目标。并通过仿真验证了干扰的有效性。     

Reviews

Douglas S. Derrer, We Are All the Target: A Handbook of Terrorism Avoidance and Hostage Survival. Annapolis, MD: US Naval Institute Press, 1992. Pp. x+135, notes, index. $14.95. ISBN 01–55750–150–5

Ian Knight, Zulu: Isandlwana and Rorke's Drift, 22–23 January 1879. London: Windrow & Greene, 1992. Pp.136, 150 illus., incl 8 colour plates, maps, biblio. £35. ISBN 1–872004–23–7

Ian Knight, By the Orders of the Great White Queen: Campaigning in Zululand through the Eyes of the British Soldiers, 1879. London: Greenhill Books and Novato: Presidio Press, 1992. Pp. 272, 17 illus., 1 map. £18.95. ISBN 1–85367–122–3

Manfried Rauchensteiner and Erwin A. Schmidl (eds.), Formen des Krieges: vom Mittelalter zum ‘Low‐intensity’ Conflict’. Graz : Verlag Styria, 1991. Pp.208. DM35. ISBN 3–22–12139–7

Harold J. Kearsley, Maritime Power and the Twenty‐First Century. Dartmouth: Dartmouth Publishing Company, Limited, 1992. Pp.xv + 203, 13 diagrams, index. £32.50. ISBN 1–85521–288–9     

An Unlikely Alliance: Portuguese and South African Airpower in Angola, 1968–1974

The war that Portugal was obliged to fight in Africa began in 1961 and immediately stretched the resources of its armed forces. Nowhere was this thinness more apparent than in policing the vast territory of Angola. The east and southeast of Angola were particularly vulnerable, as the area was a vast, sparsely populated region characterised by enormous featureless plains or chanas covered in tall grass and broken by an extensive river system and mountainous forests. The only military solution to policing these immense spaces was aviation and specifically the helicopter that could carry troops into battle, protect them with a gunship and bring them home when the operation was concluded. The immediate problem for the Portuguese Air Force (Força Aérea Portuguesa or FAP) in Angola and elsewhere was a scarcity of helicopters. The solution was an alliance with South Africa, which had a strong inventory of Alouette IIIs, to help in policing the east. This move was likewise in the interest of South Africa, as its threat came from Zambia through south-eastern Angola. This article examines the strategic and tactical development of this unusual, cross-cultural alliance and the symbiotic relationship that resulted in destruction of the enemies of both in Angola.     

Panjwai: a tale of two COINs in Afghanistan

The US Army has two approaches to counterinsurgency operations in Afghanistan. One is hard, or combat-focused, and the other is soft, or development-focused. This study examines two US Army task forces deployed to Panjwai District, Afghanistan from 2012 to 2013. CTF 4-9 and 1-38 offer a meaningful comparison because they pursued these contrasting approaches among the same population and against the same enemy at the same time and place. The study compares each unit’s approach and finds that neither approach was successful absent the other. The article concludes by recommending further research into combining the approaches at the operational level.     

国内外结构钢焊条研究的现状与发展

本文主要介绍了国外焊条的现状和发展趋势,包括焊条的高韧性、高效率、低尘低毒和耐吸潮性能,为国内的焊条研究提供了参考依据。     

A Sign of Victory?: ‘Scottish Swords’ and Other Weapons in the Possession of the ‘Auld Innemie’

Many late medieval documents, notably inventories of arms and armour, of Englishmen contain references to ‘Scottish swords’ and other weapons. What did the compilers of these documents mean when they described a weapon as ‘Scottish’? How did such weapons come to be in the possession of these men? This article will attempt to explain this phenomenon drawing on primary documentary sources and surviving material culture from Glasgow Museums’ collections and others, as well as artworks from the period.     

线性核时频信号表示及其仿真

根据ｃｈｉｒｐ信号在模糊域的特点,本文提出了线性核时频表示方法。这种方法在提高分辨率、消除交叉项以及抑制噪声等方面都具有较高的性能。理论分析和实验结果都证实了这种方法的有效性     

Cyberpower in Strategic Affairs: Neither Unthinkable nor Blessed

Abstract

This article explores the effect of connectivity on strategic affairs. It argues that the effect on war's character is potentially, although not yet shown in practice, considerably large. Its effect upon the distribution of power among states in the international system is small, contrary to the claims of ‘cyberwar’ alarmists. All told, however, its effect upon strategic affairs is complex. On the one hand, it represents a significant advance in the ‘complexification’ of state strategies, understood in the sense of the production of intended effects. On the other hand, strategists today – still predominantly concerned with the conflicts and confrontations of states and organised military power – are generally missing the power which non-traditional strategic actors, better adapted to the network flows of the information age, are beginning to deploy. These new forms of organization and coercion will challenge the status quo.     

Putin – the masked nemesis of the strategy of ambiguity

Recent events demonstrate the complex and adaptive approach employed by Russia to reassert influence in Europe. The changing face of Russia’s strategy commenced in 2007 when it launched a crippling cyber-attack against Estonia. This was followed by a large Russian conventional attack against Georgia in 2008, occupying two large areas of the nation. 2014 witnessed the Russian annexation of Crimea where in just a week, Russia seized control of Crimea “without firing a shot.” The annexation of Crimea was rapidly followed by a Russian inspired and led subversive war in eastern Ukraine. The common thread among these diverse Russian operations is its use of ambiguity to confound and confuse decision makers in the West.