基于Multi-Agent的防空导弹武器系统模型设计

建立科学的结构模型是进行防空导弹武器系统仿真的基础和关键环节。针对防空导弹武器系统的特点,提出了基于Multi-Agent的防空导弹武器系统模型建模方法,设计了防空导弹武器系统模型结构。利用Multi-Agent建模技术,把防空导弹武器系统实体映射成相应的Multi-Agent系统,并以Agent的形式对防空导弹武器系统这一客观复杂系统进行了深刻的认识,为防空导弹武器系统建模仿真奠定了基础。     

目标综合抗击下的防空反导排队论模型

根据现代防空导弹武器系统面临的作战环境和空袭模式,结合防空导弹武器系统的射击原理,运用排队论知识,建立了防空导弹武器系统防空反导的排队模型,并且在此基础上对模型进行优化,引入了敌火力对抗、电子对抗、反导机动等组成的综合因素,为类似问题的研究提供了一种参考.     

基于网络中心制导的防空导弹武器系统可靠性建模

论述了防空导弹武器系统组网的必要性,分析了防空导弹武器系统组网系统的发展现状,构建了基于网络中心制导的防空导弹武器系统拓扑结构并分析了作战使用特点,探讨了防空导弹武器系统组网原理,对基于网络中心制导技术条件下防空导弹武器系统的任务剖面进行了研究,建立了对应的防空导弹武器系统可靠性模型,并运用实际算例对模型进行了解算,结果表明基于网络中心制导的防空导弹武器系统具备更高的可靠性,该模型是网络中心制导课题有益探索。     

基于排队论的防空导弹武器系统作战效能研究

论述了排队论在防空导弹武器系统作战效能评估中的应用,基于排队论,构建了防空导弹服务概率模型,并以陆军第2代防空导弹武器系统"响尾蛇"和第3代防空导弹武器系统"道尔-M1"为例,对两型武器系统作战效能进行了评估。针对不同的目标来袭密度,分别给出了各自作战单元的作战效能。这种方法对防空导弹武器系统的作战使用具有一定的参考价值。     

近程防空导弹新发展点滴

阐述了近程防空导弹的重要性,对近些年来世界各国的新一代近程防空导弹武器系统的发展情况进行了分析,介绍了近程防空导弹武器系统的关键技术和发展趋势.     

基于图形分析的舰空导弹射击效能评估方法

在分析现有舰空导弹武器系统射击效能评估方法的基础上,提出一种基于图形分析的舰空导弹射击效能评估方法。这种方法简单、直观,不仅适用于舰空导弹武器系统,而且可以推广应用于其它类型的防空导弹武器系统。     

以用户为中心的防空导弹武器系统人机界面设计研究

防空导弹武器系统不断更新换代,复杂功能和简单操作需求的矛盾成为设计过程中普遍存在的问题。为优化防空导弹武器系统人机界面设计,运用人机交互学中以用户为中心的设计和评估理论,对防空导弹武器系统人机界面设计进行研究。将设计过程分为用户与需求分析、设计、评估与改进三个阶段,给出了每个阶段的工作思路以及工作重点。将方法应用于某型防空导弹武器系统人机界面设计,有效地规范了设计流程,提高了设计水平。     

可拓论的防空导弹武器系统效能的研究

首次运用可拓学的基元理论,建立了防空导弹武器系统拦截方案的形式化可拓模型。利用可扩、发散和蕴含等拓展分析原理与可拓推理知识,对防空导弹武器系统火力转换、拦截方案的生成和筛选进行了形式化的可拓分析和建模,对防空效能的计算进行了仿真。实例仿真分析结果与实际作战过程相符,使防空导弹武器系统拦截方案的生成更加形式化,逻辑性更强,为防空导弹武器系统效能的计算提供了一个新方法和新思路,为下一步编写软件程序,实现智能化处理奠定了基础。     

攻防对抗下防空导弹武器系统作战效能评估

防空导弹武器系统是反空袭作战和国土防空的重要装备,综述了评定武器系统效能的WSEIAC模型,分析了WSEIAC模型的特点,结合攻防对抗下防空导弹武器作战体系作战的过程和对抗的特点,构建了攻防对抗下的防空导弹武器作战体系效能分析指标体系,建立了一种改进的ADC模型,并对模型中每个因素的确定进行了介绍,可为决策部门提供一定的决策预报.     

S-400“凯旋”——俄罗斯手中的“爱国者”

也许,人们对20世纪90年代初爆发的海湾战争中“爱国者”在空中追杀“飞毛腿”导弹的情景仍记忆犹新。随着导弹的攻防技术的飞速发展,海湾战争使用的“爱国者”PAC-2型,已不能有效地拦截来袭导弹。由于新型空地导弹采用了隐形技术,从而减小了地面防空系统发现和摧毁来袭导弹的距离。这种形势要求研制一种新型地面防空系统。这种新型地面防空导弹武器系统不仅要能对付远程高空目标,而且还要能对付低空飞行、采用隐形技术、飞行速度快的各种空袭武器(包括战术弹道导弹)。俄罗斯推出的全新S-400“凯旋”,正是这样一种新型防空导弹武器系统。它可能成为21世纪俄罗斯防空导弹的“撒手锏”。     

Putin – the masked nemesis of the strategy of ambiguity

Recent events demonstrate the complex and adaptive approach employed by Russia to reassert influence in Europe. The changing face of Russia’s strategy commenced in 2007 when it launched a crippling cyber-attack against Estonia. This was followed by a large Russian conventional attack against Georgia in 2008, occupying two large areas of the nation. 2014 witnessed the Russian annexation of Crimea where in just a week, Russia seized control of Crimea “without firing a shot.” The annexation of Crimea was rapidly followed by a Russian inspired and led subversive war in eastern Ukraine. The common thread among these diverse Russian operations is its use of ambiguity to confound and confuse decision makers in the West.     

India's counter-insurgency experience: the ‘trust and nurture’ strategy

The Indian Army, a force trained primarily for conventional warfare, has been engaged in internal counter-insurgency operations since the 1950s. Despite such a long innings on a counter-insurgency mode, little attention has been accorded within military circles to doctrinal innovation for waging sub-conventional warfare in India's democratic political context. At best, the Army continues to view counter-insurgency duty as secondary to its primary duty of defending India from external conventional threats. By conceptualizing a counter-insurgency strategy of ‘trust and nurture’, this article aims to fill this critical doctrinal gap in India's military policy. The author argues that a counter-insurgency strategy of ‘trust and nurture’ based on democratic political culture, measured military methods, special counter-insurgency forces, local social and cultural awareness and an integrative nation-building approach will result in positive handling of India's internal security problems. The author utilizes India's counter-insurgency experiences in Assam, Mizoram, Nagaland, Punjab, and Operation ‘Sadhbhavana’ in Jammu and Kashmir as illustrative empirical indicants in order to validate the ‘trust and nurture’ strategy.     

Reviews

Douglas S. Derrer, We Are All the Target: A Handbook of Terrorism Avoidance and Hostage Survival. Annapolis, MD: US Naval Institute Press, 1992. Pp. x+135, notes, index. $14.95. ISBN 01–55750–150–5

Ian Knight, Zulu: Isandlwana and Rorke's Drift, 22–23 January 1879. London: Windrow & Greene, 1992. Pp.136, 150 illus., incl 8 colour plates, maps, biblio. £35. ISBN 1–872004–23–7

Ian Knight, By the Orders of the Great White Queen: Campaigning in Zululand through the Eyes of the British Soldiers, 1879. London: Greenhill Books and Novato: Presidio Press, 1992. Pp. 272, 17 illus., 1 map. £18.95. ISBN 1–85367–122–3

Manfried Rauchensteiner and Erwin A. Schmidl (eds.), Formen des Krieges: vom Mittelalter zum ‘Low‐intensity’ Conflict’. Graz : Verlag Styria, 1991. Pp.208. DM35. ISBN 3–22–12139–7

Harold J. Kearsley, Maritime Power and the Twenty‐First Century. Dartmouth: Dartmouth Publishing Company, Limited, 1992. Pp.xv + 203, 13 diagrams, index. £32.50. ISBN 1–85521–288–9     

An Unlikely Alliance: Portuguese and South African Airpower in Angola, 1968–1974

The war that Portugal was obliged to fight in Africa began in 1961 and immediately stretched the resources of its armed forces. Nowhere was this thinness more apparent than in policing the vast territory of Angola. The east and southeast of Angola were particularly vulnerable, as the area was a vast, sparsely populated region characterised by enormous featureless plains or chanas covered in tall grass and broken by an extensive river system and mountainous forests. The only military solution to policing these immense spaces was aviation and specifically the helicopter that could carry troops into battle, protect them with a gunship and bring them home when the operation was concluded. The immediate problem for the Portuguese Air Force (Força Aérea Portuguesa or FAP) in Angola and elsewhere was a scarcity of helicopters. The solution was an alliance with South Africa, which had a strong inventory of Alouette IIIs, to help in policing the east. This move was likewise in the interest of South Africa, as its threat came from Zambia through south-eastern Angola. This article examines the strategic and tactical development of this unusual, cross-cultural alliance and the symbiotic relationship that resulted in destruction of the enemies of both in Angola.     

Panjwai: a tale of two COINs in Afghanistan

The US Army has two approaches to counterinsurgency operations in Afghanistan. One is hard, or combat-focused, and the other is soft, or development-focused. This study examines two US Army task forces deployed to Panjwai District, Afghanistan from 2012 to 2013. CTF 4-9 and 1-38 offer a meaningful comparison because they pursued these contrasting approaches among the same population and against the same enemy at the same time and place. The study compares each unit’s approach and finds that neither approach was successful absent the other. The article concludes by recommending further research into combining the approaches at the operational level.     

国内外结构钢焊条研究的现状与发展

本文主要介绍了国外焊条的现状和发展趋势,包括焊条的高韧性、高效率、低尘低毒和耐吸潮性能,为国内的焊条研究提供了参考依据。     

A Sign of Victory?: ‘Scottish Swords’ and Other Weapons in the Possession of the ‘Auld Innemie’

Many late medieval documents, notably inventories of arms and armour, of Englishmen contain references to ‘Scottish swords’ and other weapons. What did the compilers of these documents mean when they described a weapon as ‘Scottish’? How did such weapons come to be in the possession of these men? This article will attempt to explain this phenomenon drawing on primary documentary sources and surviving material culture from Glasgow Museums’ collections and others, as well as artworks from the period.     

物理学中的辩证自然观——控制、信息、系统与辩证自然观

和谐律、守恒律、方向律是自然辩证法中自然观的三大规律,它们贯穿、融合并体现于各具体学科的研究领域中。本文主要以自然辨证规律在控制与系统科学中的体现为依托,系统阐述物理学中控制系统理论与信息理论及其应用中自然观三大规律的具体表现。     

The practice and theory of British counterinsurgency: the histories of the atrocities at the Palestinian villages of al-Bassa and Halhul, 1938–1939

This article details two largely unreported atrocities by British forces operating against Arab rebels during the Arab revolt, 1936–9, at the Palestinian villages of al-Bassa and Halhul. It then examines the military-legal system that underpinned and authorised British military forces operating in aid of the civil power, suggesting that the law in place at the time allowed for a level of reprisals and punitive actions, such as happened at al-Bassa and Halhul. The article does not conclude that the law allowed for atrocities but it does argue that it gave a basic form and understanding to an operational method that was brutal and could lead to atrocities. It thus tests the idea in much of the literature on counterinsurgency that the British were restrained and used minimum force when compared to other colonial and neo-colonial powers fighting insurgents.