坦克炮控系统的反演滑模鲁棒摩擦补偿控制

坦克炮控系统存在低速摩擦,摩擦环节不但造成系统的稳态误差,而且导致极限环振荡、低速爬行等现象。为此提出基于反演理论的滑模鲁棒控制方法,通过Lyapunov稳定理论获得控制量。仿真结果表明该设计方法优于经典设计,为炮控系统实际设计提供了一种可行的方法。     

坦克炮控系统直接自适应控制器设计

应用基于CGT的直接自适应控制原理,设计了一种坦克炮控系统自适应控制器.采用并联补偿的方法,解决了被控对象的非严格正实性问题,满足了基于CGT的直接自适应控制方法的要求.该算法无需辨识系统的参数,结构简单,对参数变化的适应能力强.仿真试验表明,这种方法正确可行.     

恒速偏频激光陀螺系统航向敏感误差的在线标定与补偿

以单轴恒速偏频激光陀螺系统为研究对象,建立了静基座初始对准时系统中标定参数变化误差对航向敏感误差影响的数学模型。为克服外场测试环境下难以分别精确估计各标定参数的限制,提出将安装关系矩阵参数误差对航向敏感误差的作用视为一个整体进行标定;不需要外部基准,即可基于最小二乘算法实现航向敏感误差系数的在线标定。采用标定得到的航向敏感误差系数,利用原理样机进行了在线补偿精度实验测试。实验结果表明,所提出的在线标定与补偿方法能够有效消除航向敏感误差,提高初始对准航向角精度。     

基于Hopfield神经网络算法的雷达干扰资源分配

为了使有限的雷达干扰资源发挥最佳的干扰效果,基于干扰效益最大准则建立了雷达干扰资源优化分配模型。提出了基于Hopfield神经网络算法的干扰资源优化分配方法,利用该方法能够在可行的解空间中找出满足能量函数和约束条件的全局最优分配方案。并与干扰资源蚁群优化分配算法进行了比较,理论推导与仿真实验表明该方法的可行性与有效性,且比蚁群分配算法具有更快的收敛速度和更好的健壮性。     

共轭梯度反传算法及其在液体火箭发动机系统辨识中的应用

结合非线性优化理论和方法提出了易于实现、收敛速度比较快的多层神经网络共轭梯度反传算法。液体火箭发动机参数辨识技术已得到广泛的应用,由于传统的数学方法必须基于发动机已知模型,使得其参数辨识受到极大的限制。文中基于神经网络共轭梯度反传算法进行液体火箭发动机的系统辨识,结合变推力发动机热试车动态数据,得到了满意的仿真结果。     

坦克炮控伺服系统的滑模非线性摩擦补偿控制

坦克炮控伺服系统存在低速摩擦,摩擦环节不但造成系统的稳态误差,而且导致极限环振荡、低速爬行等现象.提出基于Lyapunov稳定理论的滑模控制方法,通过 Lyapunov稳定理论获得控制量,同时克服参数不确定性和补偿非线性摩擦力矩,从而保证跟踪误差渐进收敛.仿真结果表明该设计方法大大优于经典设计,为炮控伺服系统实际设计提供了一种可行的新方法.     

一类带时滞的飞行器系统干扰观测器控制

复杂的飞行器系统容易同时受到外部干扰和时滞的影响,为改善该系统控制性能设计一种新的基于干扰观测器控制策略.通过构造辅助观测器以及适当的坐标变换观测将来时刻的干扰,得到相应的干扰预测规律.与传统的鲁棒控制律结合,能够保证系统的稳定性,同时干扰的影响可以得到实时补偿.仿真结果表明该方案在外部干扰和时滞共同作用下具有较好跟踪特性.     

一种新型主动式波浪补偿系统的原理及数学建模

基于差动行星齿轮传动机构,提出了一种新型主动式波浪补偿系统。介绍了波浪补偿的系统组成,在分析差动行星轮系调速特性的基础上,阐述了波浪补偿系统的工作原理和补偿机制。根据波浪补偿的两个主要目的,按照从补给船吊装载荷到被补给船的整个工作过程,建立了波浪补偿系统的数学模型,为实现系统的计算机控制提供依据。     

三轴磁传感器制造误差补偿方法研究北大核心

针对三轴磁传感器在制造过程中不可避免的会存在不正交误差角、灵敏度不匹配误差和零偏误差的问题,提出了基于椭球拟合的误差标定和补偿方法。在分析误差的基础上建立三轴磁传感器误差模型,推导出误差系数的解算方法,得到误差补偿方法。试验结果表明该方法正确,能够有效补偿三轴磁传感器的制造误差。     

时空积分及粒子群优化算法的目标被动定位方法

目标运动分析是武器控制的基础,研究了可用于目标被动定位的时空积分方法,建立了该方法求解目标运动参数的理论模型,采用粒子群优化算法对时空积分谱进行优化处理以获得目标参数的最优解,海上试验数据处理结果表明该方法能够得到稳定有效的解.     

Reviews

Douglas S. Derrer, We Are All the Target: A Handbook of Terrorism Avoidance and Hostage Survival. Annapolis, MD: US Naval Institute Press, 1992. Pp. x+135, notes, index. $14.95. ISBN 01–55750–150–5

Ian Knight, Zulu: Isandlwana and Rorke's Drift, 22–23 January 1879. London: Windrow & Greene, 1992. Pp.136, 150 illus., incl 8 colour plates, maps, biblio. £35. ISBN 1–872004–23–7

Ian Knight, By the Orders of the Great White Queen: Campaigning in Zululand through the Eyes of the British Soldiers, 1879. London: Greenhill Books and Novato: Presidio Press, 1992. Pp. 272, 17 illus., 1 map. £18.95. ISBN 1–85367–122–3

Manfried Rauchensteiner and Erwin A. Schmidl (eds.), Formen des Krieges: vom Mittelalter zum ‘Low‐intensity’ Conflict’. Graz : Verlag Styria, 1991. Pp.208. DM35. ISBN 3–22–12139–7

Harold J. Kearsley, Maritime Power and the Twenty‐First Century. Dartmouth: Dartmouth Publishing Company, Limited, 1992. Pp.xv + 203, 13 diagrams, index. £32.50. ISBN 1–85521–288–9     

Panjwai: a tale of two COINs in Afghanistan

The US Army has two approaches to counterinsurgency operations in Afghanistan. One is hard, or combat-focused, and the other is soft, or development-focused. This study examines two US Army task forces deployed to Panjwai District, Afghanistan from 2012 to 2013. CTF 4-9 and 1-38 offer a meaningful comparison because they pursued these contrasting approaches among the same population and against the same enemy at the same time and place. The study compares each unit’s approach and finds that neither approach was successful absent the other. The article concludes by recommending further research into combining the approaches at the operational level.     

线性核时频信号表示及其仿真

根据ｃｈｉｒｐ信号在模糊域的特点,本文提出了线性核时频表示方法。这种方法在提高分辨率、消除交叉项以及抑制噪声等方面都具有较高的性能。理论分析和实验结果都证实了这种方法的有效性     

Putin – the masked nemesis of the strategy of ambiguity

Recent events demonstrate the complex and adaptive approach employed by Russia to reassert influence in Europe. The changing face of Russia’s strategy commenced in 2007 when it launched a crippling cyber-attack against Estonia. This was followed by a large Russian conventional attack against Georgia in 2008, occupying two large areas of the nation. 2014 witnessed the Russian annexation of Crimea where in just a week, Russia seized control of Crimea “without firing a shot.” The annexation of Crimea was rapidly followed by a Russian inspired and led subversive war in eastern Ukraine. The common thread among these diverse Russian operations is its use of ambiguity to confound and confuse decision makers in the West.     

Forecasting a Hurricane: Israeli and American Estimations of the Khomeini Revolution

The surprising ‘Arab Spring’ raises the question as to what would enable national intelligence to provide high quality warnings prior to the eruption of popular revolutions. This article uses new sources of evidence to trace and explain Israel's success in comparison to US failure at correctly estimating the course of the Iranian Revolution in 1977–79. In explaining this variance, the article shows that it was mainly the result of the intimate acquaintance of Israel's representatives in Iran with the local language, history and culture, as well as the ability to communicate with locals – tools which the Americans completely lacked.     

关于教师继续教育培训模式的思考

继续教育作为终身教育的重要组成部分和基本形式,对教师的发展成长意义重大。继续教育工作开展十多年来,取得了一定的成绩,但还存在不少问题,如学习动机较为被动,管理认识不到位,教学内容陈旧空泛,教学方法呆板机械等。随着课程改革的不断深入,继续教育必须采取相应的改进措施,树立以人为本,服务至上的观点,教学内容的前瞻性与实用性并重,教学人员进行整合,教学方法灵活多样,评价考核规范科学等,以此激活受训教师内在的学习动机,更大程度地提高继续教育培训的实际效果。     

用DirectShow实现网络视频

目前市场上的网络监控技术一般用昂贵的硬件设备来支撑,投资较大。在深入研究微软的DirectX9.0的基础上,提出如何用DirectShow软件技术和普通的数字摄像头来实现网络视频的监控和实现技术,内容涉及通信协议、视频的编码与解码技术、视频的编码格式和COM组件编程技术等,最终的实验结果令人满意,且费用低廉,技术可靠,为在高速局域网内构建视频监控系统提供有效的技术支持。     

Interpreting the Ribchester Helmet

In 1796 a 13-year-old boy playing on wasteland behind his father’s house in Ribchester, Lancashire discovered an assemblage of over 30 Roman artefacts, including a decorated brass helmet. Although partially corroded the Ribchester helmet is a fine example of a first-century AD cavalry sports helmet. This article considers how the interpretation of the helmet has evolved since its discovery. The multi-faceted iconography of the helmet with its mural crown diadem is that of an elite soldier and is paralleled in other examples of cavalry sports helmets of the Ribchester type. The long-neglected imagery on the helmet bowl is reinterpreted and seen not as a haphazard collection of randomly placed combatants but as a highly structured, symmetrical composition specifically designed to be viewed from different directions.     

Desert insurgency: lessons from the third Tuareg rebellion

This article provides an in-depth examination and analysis of the 2006–2009 Tuareg rebellion in Mali and Niger. It identifies the underlying reasons behind the rebellion, explores contrasting counter-insurgency (COIN) strategies employed by the two governments, and presents some lessons learned. While both COIN approaches ultimately produced similar peace settlements, the article argues that the Malian strategy of reconciliation combined with the selective use of force was far more effective than the Nigerien iron fist approach at limiting the size and scope of the insurgency and producing a more sustainable peace. It concludes by looking at the role of external actors, particularly the United States, and how the failure to internationalize the conflict was actually more beneficial to the local COIN effort, as well as to the longer strategic interests of the United States in the region.