情报大数据治理框架研究

本文从情报处理的发展和演变着手,面向当前大数据技术飞速发展和情报数据量呈爆炸式增长的趋势,介绍了大数据治理的概念和本文对于大数据治理的理解,并进一步针对数据治理和数据清洗内涵的不同进行了区别说明。此外,还梳理了当前各国在大数据治理和大数据开发方面的现状,对我国在大数据治理方面的政策环境和技术发展情况进行了概括。本研究针对情报大数据的特点,分析了大数据治理对于情报数据发挥作用的重要性;针对情报大数据在数据治理方面面临的问题,分析了情报大数据治理的需求;在情报大数据治理框架方面,构建了由人员组织机构、治理机制、形成的能力、治理策略等方面组成的情报大数据治理模型;对情报大数据管理生命周期内的治理内容进行了描述;最后对情报大数据治理的前景进行了简单展望。     

某型车载导弹发射制导装置现场快速检测方法

某型装甲车载反坦克导弹系统的发射制导装置,集光、机、电多种技术于一体,技术状态易受装载、运输等因素的影响。在导弹射击前,一般应在现场对发射制导装置进行快速检测以确定其技术状态。为了解决现场快速检测问题,分析了该型导弹系统发射制导装置的结构和技术特点,确定了现场快速检测的内容：用点光源的电视图像检测两个光轴不平度;用电压比较法检测点火电压和点火程序正确性;用指令频率变化检测控制指令正确性。开发了适于现场快速检测的装置,为部队射击保障提供了一种决策支持方法。     

日本遗弃化学武器紧急处置中挖掘清理技术研究

就日本遗弃化学武器紧急处置中的挖掘清理技术进行了论述。着重论述了紧急处置现场的设置、挖掘方法步骤、程序、初始位置的挖掘以及污染物的包装等技术。同时,介绍了该技术在南京黄胡子山等地日本遗弃化学武器紧急处置中的应用情况。并对挖掘方法、进度及现场管理等工作提出了探讨性建议。     

风洞现场电磁干扰测量研究

根据风洞现场测控系统的特点,对风洞现场的电磁干扰测量方法和技术进行研究,并在风洞中进行试验,得到了相关的试验数据．通过对数据的分析可以得出：影响风洞现场测控系统的电磁干扰源主要是大功率变频装置,耦合途径为空间辐射和电源线传导．     

【专题】面向精打产品的红外图像数据采集、治理和应用

面对复杂严酷的战场环境,红外成像精打产品的智能化水平和抗干扰能力是产品生存的重要因素,而图像大数据技术是红外成像精打产品提升技术能力的重要保障。本文结合红外成像精打产品智能化能力提升的需求,提出了面向精打产品的图像数据获取、历史数据及新增数据治理、数据挖掘应用的全过程实用方法,实现了特定目标红外图像数据增补及海量图像数据的高效管理与智能应用;并在图像大数据的支持下,研发了智能信息处理算法性能评价平台和目标检测算法,有效提升了精打产品的智能化水平和实际应用能力。开展基于实际应用需求的图像数据采集、治理和应用技术研究是提升精打产品性能的重要途径,也能够为智能信息处理技术在精打产品上的落地应用提供有力支撑。     

难降解有机废水处理技术

废水中有机物成分日益复杂,传统的水处理效果不理想。基于近年来难降解有机废水治理的研究进展,本文对有机废水中有机物的来源、难降解废水的判定方法及处理技术的最新动态进行了综述,并对处理技术存在的问题及发展趋势等进行了探讨。     

现场总线在工业中的应用和发展

阐述了PROFIBUS总线的体系结构,在实际中的应用,同时分析了现场总线与IT计算机网络技术的区别,以及现场总线IEC 61158系列标准与PROFIBUS的发展展望。     

基于CAN总线技术的车辆通讯系统

CAN总线是现场总线领域很有发展前途的一种通讯技术,具有许多优点,现应用已较为成熟.本文以摆式列车分布式控制中的数据通讯为例,介绍了CAN总线通讯系统的设计与应用.     

数字中频接收机中的数字AGC的设计与实现

介绍了数字自动增益控制(AGC)技术在数字中频接收机中的实现方法’,提出了利用 DSP Builder模型库设计的一种实用的数字自动增益控制电路,所设计的电路在数字中频接收机系统内工作良好。该数字 AGC具有快速收敛、结构简单、性能稳定和成本低等特点。占用 Altera StratixⅡ FPGA 片上163个自适应逻辑单元(ALUTs)。     

FPGA在程控数字交换机中的应用研究

针对现有程控数字交换机大多采用传统搭积木式(即用器件搭成电路板)的设计方法,提出用现场可编程门阵列(FPGA)技术设计的新思路,并通过VHDL语言设计给出了仿真结果,结果表明,用FPGA设计的数字程控交换模块具有硬件结构简单、性能良好、功能易于升级等优点.     

Critical interfaces in body armour systems

The ballistic performance, and behaviour, of an armour system is governed by two major sets of variables, geometrical and material. Of these, the consistency of performance, especially against small arms ammunition, will depend upon the consistency of the properties of the constituent materials. In a body armour system for example, fibre diameter, areal density of woven fabric, and bulk density of ceramic are examples of critical parameters and monitoring such parameters will form the backbone of associated quality control procedures. What is often overlooked, because it can fall into the User’s domain, are the interfaces that exist between the various products; the carrier, the Soft Armour Insert (SAI), and the one or two hard armour plates (HAP1 and HAP2). This is especially true if the various products are sourced from different suppliers.There are between 30 and 150 individual layers within a typical body armour system, and each of the interfaces between each of those layers will, in some way or another, contribute to the ballistic performance of the system. For example, consider the following interfaces/interlayers: (i) the frictional, sliding, inter-ply surfaces within a soft armour pack, and also between the pack and the carrier, (ii) the air-gaps that may develop within the soft armour pack, (iii) the interconnecting space between the soft armour pack and the hard armour plate, (iv) the nature of the interfaces between adjacent plies of a multiplied backing laminate, even in a highly compressed Ultra High Molecular Weight Polyethylene (UHMWPE) variant, (v) the interlayer between the ceramic and its substrate, within a HAP, and (vi) the geometrical fit between two hard armour plates within a stacked body armour system. This paper will provide a User-friendly overview of all such interfaces and provide unique guidance as to their criticality and influence.     

Terrorism,insurgency, kidnapping,and security in Africa's energy sector

Energy continues to serve as the bedrock of modern economies and the main driver of modern society. For Africa, the production and supply of energy resources such as crude oil, natural gas, uranium, coal, biomass, biofuels and other renewables are an important source of employment, rents, taxes, royalties and profits. This sector brings in several tens of billions of dollars of revenue annually. The production and delivery of such resources, however, depend on critical infrastructures such as pipelines, refineries, processing plants, terminals, rigs, electrical energy pylons, substations, pump stations, vessels, and tankers. These infrastructures have been attacked by terrorists, insurgents, vandals and saboteurs, all of whom see them as targets against which to register their grievances and extract concessions from the state. This paper is a chronological account of some of the documented incidents of terrorism, insurgency, kidnapping, destruction, sabotage, and human casualties suffered in the oil and gas sectors in Africa between 1999 and 2012. It is based on data extracted from the databases of the RAND Database of World Terrorism Incidents and the University of Maryland's Global Terrorism Database (GTD).     

Lessons in airpower projection: Indochina and Algeria

The lessons from the two French counterinsurgencies, Indochina and Algeria, give rise to a new understanding of the projection of airpower in remote and hostile environments and the purpose, design, and use of aircraft in counterinsurgency. In both Indochina and Algeria, the campaigns were ones of poverty, and it is their imaginative management under severe resource constraints that provides thoughtful and applicable lessons for today. In both cases, airpower held the promise of delivering victory and solving the resource issue. In Indochina, acquisition of the needed aircraft, operating knowledge, and experience came too slowly to realize this promise. In Algeria, the French embraced the lessons from Indochina and were quite successful and innovative in the use of airpower. The lessons can be reduced to four requirements: (1) a network of airfields for liaison, ground-support, and intra-theater airlift to enable effective air support of ground forces; (2) a solid, reliable, and simple ground-support aircraft capable of operating from forward airfields within range of ground engagements; (3) a capable intra-theater heavy-lift transport to supply the extended ground forces; and (4) helicopter capability to enhance tactical troop mobility and support.     

海上编队传感器管理架构研究

在信息化海战场,获取信息优势是保障作战胜利的基础之一,海上编队传感器管理是提升传感器探测整体效能,从而达成信息优势的关键环节.首先分析了海上编队传感器管理需求,包括组成结构、作用以及编队、平台、传感器各层级的管理需求;其次研究了海上编队传感器管理的总体架构,提出采用混合式的体系结构,设计了事前规划与实时调度2个方面的处...     

复杂体系的结构分析和建模研究

根据复杂体系的概念及其所呈现出的多种特性,利用复杂体系的使命分解和复杂体系的元素组成对复杂体系进行综合的结构分析,描述了目标分解、功能分解和行为分解的复杂体系使命目标三阶段分解过程以及系统单元、复合元和体系外部环境的复杂体系三元素结构框架。在此基础上,提出了采用一种“两层四级”的设计思想对复杂体系进行有效的结构建模设计,并针对复杂体系内部的相互位置层次及其功能关联定义了度量实体、层级映射、系统关联性和软构层等相关概念,清晰地阐释了复杂体系结构分析和建模时体系层次映射的实质,从而为复杂体系的效能评估以及体系改进和优化提供一定的理论指导。     

电影媒介的创意策略

电影是一门结合文学、戏剧、摄影、音乐、舞蹈、绘画等多种艺术形式的综合艺术,且其本身又具有独自的艺术特征。作为一种核心文化创意产业,在诞生的那一刻开始就具有了艺术与商业的双重属性。电影策划工作是确立作品创作走向、保证作品艺术质量、获取预期的社会效益与经济效益的重要工作。从纵向来说,电影策划工作包括了作品出台前的市场调研、作品制作的过程以及作品推出后的营销创意、实施方案、配合宣传和相关产品制作和开发等各个相关的环节;从横向来说,它就是一种既统观全局又体察入微的创意过程,是一个名副其实的系统工程。     

Formation and impact-induced separation of tandem EFPs

The formation and separation behaviors of tandem EFPs are studied by the combination of experiments and simulations. The results show that different formation and separation processes can be obtained by adjusting the double-layer liners, and simulations agree with experiments well. Then, the interaction process between the two liners is discussed in details, and the formation and separation mechanism are revealed. It can be found that there are four phases in the formation and separation processes, including impact phase, propulsion phase, slide phase and free flight phase. During the impact phase, the velocities of two liners rise in turns with kinetic energy exchange. In the propulsion phase, the axial impact becomes insignificant, but the radial interaction between two liners influences the appearance of tandem EFPs. Meanwhile, it should be mentioned that the inner surface of foregoing EFP remains to be in contact with the outer surface of following EFP in the propulsion phase, and the following one would continue to push the foregoing one for about 10μ to 20 μs, causing the velocities of following and foregoing EFPs gradually decreasing and increasing respectively. In the slide phase, an obvious relative movement occurs between the two EFPs, and there would be barely kinetic energy exchange. Then, the two EFPs separate gradually and get into the phase of free flight. Generally, if the outer and inner liners have the same thickness, the outer copper-inner copper liners form two long EFPs, the outer copper-inner steel liners become a foregoing short steel EFP and a following long copper EFP, and the outer steel-inner copper liners produce a foregoing long copper EFP and a following conical steel EFP. In addition, thickness match also has an important impact on formation appearance and separation process for both outer copper-inner copper liners and outer steel-inner copper liners. With the thickness ratio of outer liner to inner liner decreasing, the length and length-diameter ratio of both foregoing and following EFPs increase gradually.     

装备技术人才军民融合定制化培训模式

本文依托军民融合国家战略基础,对比国内外发展现状,分析现行培训形式的不足之处,梳理军民融合式培训需求,将军民融合理念贯穿人才培训全过程。针对军事体制调整后的专业技师和工程师等专业技术骨干,形成一套培训要求“专业化”对接、培训师资“军学研”共建、培训内容“菜单式”定制、培训样式“多手段”并举以及培训效果“递进式”发挥的装备技术人才军民融合定制化培训模式,并且有针对性地提出军民融合基地化培训的建设框架,从培训管理、培训实施等方面提出方法,为部队拓宽专业技术人才培训通道,实现被动式培训向主动式培训转变,提高装备实战化保障能力提供借鉴和指导。     

To Be or Not To Be: The Development of Soviet Deck Aviation

Few issues were as contentious in the development of the Soviet Navy as the role of aircraft carriers and sea-based aviation. Despite the continued insistence by the highest naval authorities and scientific experts that surface combatants simply could not be protected in the open ocean without the support of ship-borne aviation, Soviet leaders – for a variety of reasons – resisted aircraft carrier development until the final decades of the Cold War. In examining one of the most defining and telling asymmetries of the Cold War at sea, the author argues that while the USSR was economically and technologically capable of building aircraft carriers of any class, bureaucratic infighting, misperceptions of cost and practicality, and the inherent flaws of a totalitarian system ultimately created an impossible gap in capabilities between the two sides. The priorities and direction of Soviet weapons and defense technology development during the Cold War was largely a factor of the military-political situation taking shape at home, and in the world. As a rule, the navy was assigned missions that corresponded to its capabilities at a given point in time, rather than the other way around. Often, the navy lacked the material resources needed to implement its core mission. The availability of these resources, in turn, depended on the country's economic situation, its scientific potential, the technological state of its industry, as well as the subjective influence of political and military leaders on the priorities of technological development. The impact of the country's socioeconomic imperatives was undoubtedly also felt in the sluggish pace of development of ship-borne aviation and aircraft carriers in the USSR.     

【专题】编者按

本文结合新体制新任务转型建设的要求和装备论证、研制、试验与评估工作实践及备战训练需求,针对装备作战能力生成、保持、提升和发挥,提出了作战能力图谱概念的定义、用途、分类、特点、数据来源、应用场景、生成和使用流程以及技术应用研究方向;并静态展示了装备能力指标体系、装备作战能力任务满足度、装备组成与作战能力支撑、同类装备作战能力对比、单项能力指标分解、作战能力关系以及作战能力任务需求等可视化的作战能力图谱示例。开展此项研究旨在为从事装备规划、论证、研制及试验的科研人员以及作战指挥员在了解掌握和综合运用并有效发挥装备作战能力等活动时,提供一种描述、传达、汇总以及交付装备作战能力的数据可视化方法。