复杂电磁环境下野战指挥所的伪装问题

文章着眼复杂电磁环境下野战指挥所的生存问题,分析了未来战场野战指挥所将面临的主要威胁,研究了提高未来战场指挥所生存能力的对策,提出了加强伪装训练的方式方法,明确了组织开展伪装作业的注意事项。     

复杂电磁条件下野战指挥所的伪装防护问题

复杂电磁环境作为信息化战争的突出特征,对野战指挥所的作战效能有着重要的影响。文章系统的分析了复杂电磁环境的特点,阐述了复杂电磁环境对野战指挥所的各种影响,提出了野战指挥所在复杂电磁环境下的伪装对策。     

高寒山地作战中提高指挥所生存能力的几种方法

如何应对高寒山地边境作战中指挥所面临的生存威胁,以提高战役、战术指挥所的生存概率,确保战时不间断地组织指挥作战行动,是战区当前深入开展保障战法研究中十分重要的课题。我们认为,提高指挥所战场生存能力主要有以下几种方法:     

防空兵群指挥所配置方案优化分析

防空兵群指挥所配置是兵力部署的重要内容,它从根本上决定了指挥所的指挥效能和野战生存能力。多年来,指挥所的配置多是根据防空兵战斗的相关战术原则,由作战参谋提出数个配置方案,然后由指挥员做出决策。这种仅凭主观决策的做法与现代防空作战的要求不相适应。结合模糊多指标评判方法与优化理论,从发挥指挥效能与提高生存能力两个方面出发,对防空群指挥所的配置进行了分析,并建立了配置方案优化的模型,从根本上改变了指挥所配置完全依赖主观判断的做法。最后应用模型分析了一个实例。     

防空兵指挥所应对精确打击对策研究

信息化战争中空袭方大量使用高技术空袭兵器实施精确打击,对防空系统生存构成严重威胁,因此,防敌精确打击,是信息化条件下防空兵指挥所面临的突出问题。文章研究多种防护手段,有效应对敌精确打击,增强防空兵指挥所的综合防护能力。     

方舱式指挥自动化系统的防护与伪装总体设计

针对不同战争形态下方舱式指挥自动化系统的生存问题,分析了其在未来战场将面临的主要问题,研究了在总体设计阶段提高未来战场生存能力的对策,提出了总体设计思路和技术措施.     

铁氧体吸波材料的研究现状

随着雷达探测技术的飞速发展,各种武器系统在战场上被敌方探测、跟踪和攻击的可能性进一步增大,国防工程等军事目标的生存能力和武器系统的突防能力面临巨大的威胁。为了适应未来战争的需要,提高国防工程的生存力与武器系统的突防和纵深打击能力,世界各军事强国加大了对隐身技术的研发力度,吸波材料作为隐身技术的核心,其研究和开发成为了当前军事技术的热点。     

提高人防指挥所生存能力探讨

从近期几场局部战争的实践看,人防指挥所已成为空袭的首选目标。在高强度、高精度、高烈度的综合火力打击下,如何提高人防指挥所自身生存能力,已成为一个亟待解决的课题。 一、构建多点布局、相互连通的人防指挥工程体系,实施机动指挥 在未来防空袭斗争中,人防指挥工程抗击敌导(炸)弹的直接命中将十分困难,单纯追求以深求存的防护措施已不能完全适应防空袭斗争的需要。因此,必须着眼高技术条件下空袭作战     

战争成本的理论分析

战争是敌对双方综合国力的较量。现代高技术战争的高投入、高消耗,客观上要求把决定战争的军事因素与经济因素紧密的结合起来,认真分析战争成本问题。文章从战争成本的理论界定入手,对其概念、构成等进行了探讨,并结合未来一段时期内我国面临的军事斗争环境,对我军未来战争成本进行了初步的分析。     

浅谈军事应急通信系统

顾名思义,“应急通信系统”(Emergency Communication system)是应付紧急情况时使用的通信系统。在民事领域,紧急情况包括各种天灾人祸,范围很广,很多国家建有国家应急通信系统。而在军事领域,由于军事行动本来就带有紧急性,作为军事术语的“应急通信系统”所对应的“紧急情况”,应该有所特指。笔者认为,在军事上的“急”,指的是“在最险恶的战争环境下、特别是在核袭击之后,当指挥所各种常规的通信手段均被敌摧毁、以致面临通信中断的紧急时刻”;这时用来保障最低限度通信联络的系统,就     

公安现役部队非战争军事行动训练面临的挑战与对策

当前,边境安全形势复杂、训练理念陈旧、部队勤训矛盾突出、训练内容与安排不合理、训练保障能力有限等主客观因素,制约着公安现役部队非战争军事行动训练的开展,对公安现役部队形成非战争军事行动战斗力构成了挑战。树立科学的非战争军事行动训练指导思想与理念,创新训练方法和手段,优化训练内容,加强教员队伍建设和训练基地建设,是改进非战争军事行动训练的有效对策。     

Conflict and fiscal capacity

We examine the role of war in retarding state fiscal capacity in developing countries, measured by tax revenue ratios to GDP. We build a simple theoretical model of a factionalized state, where patronage substitutes for common interest public goods, along with violent contestation over a rent or prize. Our dynamic panel empirical analysis applied to 79 developing countries, during 1980–2010, indicates that war, especially civil war, retards fiscal capacity, along with imperfect democracy, political repression, poor governance, and dependence on oil and macroeconomic mismanagement. High intensity conflict is particularly destructive of state capacity. In countries experiencing low intensity wars, other institutional factors may matter more than war. The diminution of fiscal capacity due to war appears less pronounced after the end of the cold war.     

Territorial Power Sharing and the Regulation of Conflict in Africa

The article argues that there is a relative lack of territorial power sharing in sub-Saharan Africa, but that this should not surprise us given the socio-ethnic context of most African countries which lack both majoritarian ethnic groups and clear culturally based distinctions between contending groups. A comprehensive analysis of the various federal systems and of some decentralising countries reveals a sobering record of conflict management and discusses some explanatory variables. In this context, forms of power sharing that include provisions on territorial autonomy, amounting to full-fledged federalism or restricted to some degree of decentralisation, should be regarded with caution. Regional autonomy as a solution to civil war will not work in most cases.     

正规战中作战效率变化初探

本文以描述常规战最基本的模型——Lanchester方程为基础,就影响作战效率的一些因素进行了分析并定量化地表现在作战模型中,然后运用有关系统学理论讨论了作战效率变化对战斗进程的影响程度。     

‘Restoring normalcy’: The evolution of the Indian army's counterinsurgency doctrine

The Indian Army has a uniquely political approach to counterinsurgency that has had great success. This essay examines the development of this doctrine over the last five decades, and the political and operational factors that influenced its development. The most important of these factors was, and remains, the Army's positional‐war orientation, which puts great emphasis on the need to prepare for conventional war. Though the doctrine has undergone some evolution, such changes have been constrained by the positional‐war orientation.     

基于GIS的层次分析法在后勤配置地域辅助决策中的应用

后勤配置地域选定合理与否,将直接影响后勤保障的质量,影响作战结局。本文根据后勤配置地域选定的原则,分析了后勤配置地域选定影响因素,结合地理信息系统（GIS）与层次分析法,对其中地理环境要素进行量化分析,构建指标体系和模型,对后勤配置地域选定进行综合评估,最后提出运用计算机进行辅助决策的方法和思路。论文中指标体系、模型和方法,经初步论证和实例检验是可行的,为相关项目的研发提供一定的理论依据。     

Budget allocation under uncertainty and the costs of war and insecurity

This study presents a framework and models for the analysis of government budget allocation into defense and civilian expenditures in situations of uncertainty about the incidence of war. The models display the intricate relationships between security levels, subjective probabilities of the occurrence of war, and potential war damages. We show that poor countries tend to perceive greater probabilities of war than their richer rivals, and that the psychological burden of insecurity is larger when the country’s wealth is larger and when its preference for security is higher. We apply our models to the Israeli–Syrian arms race and show that the higher rate of growth of Israel’s gross domestic product relative to that of Syria is expected to lead to an increase in Syria’s perception of the likelihood of war and to a decrease in Israel’s perception of such a likelihood. We also show that if Syria’s regime becomes ideologically more extreme, the monetary cost of maintaining Israel’s security at the level that it enjoyed prior to the change will be very high, whereas the monetary cost of maintaining Israel’s welfare will be moderate.     

突袭敌方指挥所兵力需求仿真

甲方以特种部队突袭乙方师(旅)指挥所的行动是未来渡海登岛作战中的重要内容,能大大加快战役进程.战前通过侦察已知对方实力,通过作战模拟的方法确定规定时间内完成任务所需派遣特种部队的规模有决定性意义.采用指数-Lanchester理论模拟作战过程,在考虑气象、士气因素对作战过程影响的基础上,以甲方在消灭乙方50%有生力量后作战结束,通过MATLAB7 0仿真工具得出在一定的作战想定条件下甲方需要投入兵力的综合战斗力指数.     

Using the Feder-Ram and Military Keynesian Models to Examine the Link Between Defence Spending and Economic Growth in Sri Lanka

This study uses the Feder-Ram model in conjunction with the military Keynesian model to examine the nexus between defence spending and economic growth in Sri Lanka. We find that the Keynesian aggregate demand model is better suited to analyse the link than the Feder-Ram model for the case of Sri Lanka. Based upon our results we expect a higher economic growth rate in Sri Lanka if more public resources are diverted from the defence to civilian sectors of the economy, now that the war between the government and separatist guerrillas has come to an end. However, recent post war events cast doubt upon whether a diversion of sources from military to non-military spending will actually occur. We conclude that the sanguine predictions of our economic analysis are entirely dependent upon the political decisions of the Sri Lankan government for their realization.     

Cultural barriers to organisational unlearning: The US army,the ‘zero‐defects’ culture and operations in the post‐cold war world

Much intellectual effort in the post‐Cold War US Army has been put into examinations of how best to conduct MOOTW and urban warfare. One of the main problems for the Army in this respect is the fact that these operations require a good deal of initiative to be displayed by troops at the lowest command levels. This has not normally been forthcoming. There is, in the Army, a ‘zero‐defects’ culture that is stymying the necessary initiative. Only when this culture has been properly appreciated and tackled will the Army that has proved itself so adept at the ‘big war’ be able to conclusively tackle the ‘small war’.