基于ADP的高超声速飞行器非线性最优控制

针对高超声速飞行器提出了一种基于自适应动态规划(ADP)的非线性最优控制器设计方法。首先,非线性系统的最优控制器设计问题等价于求解HJB方程。传统的HJB方程求解方法需要系统动态的精确知识,但是实际中系统动态常常是未知的或者部分未知的。针对高超声速飞行器系统动态未知的情况,采用ADP算法在线求解HJB方程,设计非线性最优控制器。该设计方法的一个显著优点是不需要系统的内部动态知识。最后,仿真结果验证了所设计控制器的有效性。     

基于轨迹线性化的高超声速飞行器非线性姿态控制

针对强非线性、强耦合、强不确定特性的高超声速飞行器姿态控制问题,提出了具有非线性前馈补偿与闭环反馈功能的高超声速飞行器轨迹线性化非线性姿态控制方法.首先,为方便控制器设计,给出了面向控制的高超声速飞行器姿态运动/动力学模型与问题描述.其次,阐述了轨迹线性化与基于小扰动线性化、切换变增益的控制方法相比在非线性控制方面的性...     

机翼变形的临近空间太阳能飞行器平稳升空方案

临近空间太阳能飞行器由于苛刻的能源平衡约束,往往具有大展弦比轻质结构,使得其在低空飞行时空速过低,飞行安全性受到了显著的挑战。为了实现该类飞行器在临近空间工作点与中低空爬升过程的气动性能匹配,提出了基于主动变形的太阳能飞行器升空方案。针对性地研究了可变形飞行器的气动和推进系统建模方法,在此基础上定量分析了不同飞行器构型俯仰、滚转和偏航三个通道稳定性和操纵性。给出了从地面到高空机翼逐渐展平的升空方案,并对升空过程中各高度所需平飞推力和功率进行了校核。结果显示,该方案可以有效提升飞行器中低空稳定性和操纵性,代价是增加了功率消耗。     

非线性干扰观测器的高超声速飞行器自适应反演控制

针对高超声速飞行器参数不确定弹性体模型,提出了一种基于非线性干扰观测器的自适应反演控制器设计方法。将曲线拟合模型表示为严格反馈形式,采用反演方法设计控制器。采用动态面方法获取虚拟控制量的导数,避免了传统反演控制\"微分项膨胀\"问题。为了增强控制器的鲁棒性,基于二阶跟踪-微分器设计了一种新型非线性干扰观测器,以此对模型不确定项进行自适应估计和补偿。仿真结果表明,控制器对模型不确定性和气动弹性影响具有强鲁棒性,且能实现对速度和高度参考指令的稳定跟踪。     

基于非线性干扰观测器的旋转导弹动态逆控制器设计

在时间尺度分离法的基础上,建立了旋转导弹分层控制模型。针对旋转导弹旋转带来的横向与纵向之间的交叉耦合利用动态逆方法进行解耦控制,针对旋转导弹旋转带来的气动参数对外界变化敏感的特点,利用非线性干扰观测器跟踪气动参数敏感变化量,设计了旋转导弹动态逆控制器。并基于Lyapunov方法,给出了整个系统的稳定性证明。将两种方法进行对比,仿真结果表明,动态逆与观测器相结合的方法设计的控制方案更加有效地克服了滚转带来的耦合,同时相对于纯动态逆方法具有更强的抗干扰能力,保证了系统具有良好的鲁棒性。     

噪声影响下桅杆的运动稳定性分析

噪声影响下桅杆非线性动力模型的响应状态矢量具有Markov性质。将该模型非线性Ito状态微分方程在时域内展开,利用其瞬时线性化随机方程的解析解,通过路径积分给出非线性响应概率密度的封闭解,得到了一种基于平均概率密度研究桅杆非线性运动稳定性的方法,算例分析验证了这一方法的有效性,并指出桅杆存在一不稳定的激振频率区间。     

高速飞行器间隙非线性机翼颤振的非线性能量阱抑制

针对间隙非线性机翼颤振系统的亚临界问题,引入了非线性能量阱(nonlinear energy sink,NES)技术来提高系统发生极限环振荡的临界速度.建立了具有NES控制的间隙非线性机翼颤振系统动力学模型,并分析了质量比、频率比、阻尼比、相对位置等NES参数对颤振系统极限环振荡的抑制效果,以及NES参数对颤振系统极限环振荡临界速度的影响规律.结果表明,阻尼比越大,可以在越小的自振频率比情况下使系统进入稳定区,但需要更苛刻的NES位置要求,即越靠近机翼前缘;而阻尼比越小,则使颤振系统极限环振荡响应进入稳定区所需的NES质量越小.在NES位置靠近机翼前缘时,增大自振频率比会使极限环振荡抑制效果有明显的提升,而增大质量比可以显著提高极限环振荡的抑制效果和临界速度.此外,NES的阻尼比越小,其颤振系统的极限环振荡抑制效果越好.     

正规形法在弹箭非线性运动分析中的应用

非线性气动力对弹箭运动特性具有重要影响,而其复杂性和有效分析工具的缺乏往往制约了弹箭非线性运动理论的发展.为探索正规形方法在弹箭非线性运动分析中的应用,构造了考虑二次非线性阻尼和七次非线性静力矩下攻角方程的正规形,进而求得攻角的通用解析解,通过数值积分验证了其在较大攻角范围内的有效性,该解析解也同样适用于无阻尼角运动和...     

飞行器旋转重入变形超结构骨架力学特性分析

空天飞行器变形翼在后掠、变弯度和扭转变形时需要骨架机构实现大变形,为此提出一种具有可调弹性参数的旋转重入超结构。旋转重入超结构由内凹八边形旋转90°及外伸韧带构成,通过外伸直臂韧带的空间拓扑填充策略构建翼型截面,形成具备变形能力的骨架构型。基于莫尔理论建立旋转重入超结构沿空间三方向的弹性模量、泊松比的理论模型。用ANSYS软件构建旋转重入变形结构的有限元模型,3D打印加工5个旋转重入变形结构的样机。将理论、仿真与实验结果分别进行对比,沿x、y和z向的泊松比最大相对误差绝对值为10.22%,由此表明理论模型和仿真模型的准确性。分析几何参数对超结构弹性参数影响,发现长宽比和结构角度对泊松比力学参数影响较大,该研究可为空天飞行器变形翼骨架应用提供理论基础。     

李雅普诺夫运动稳定性与平衡状态稳定性的关系

稳定性是系统分析的重要内容 ,针对在系统稳定性分析中 ,运动稳定性和平衡状态稳定性之间常易于混淆的问题 ,详细分析了两种稳定性之间内在本质联系 ,给出了从一种稳定性过渡到另一种稳定性的方法     

Robust cubature Kalman filter method for the nonlinear alignment of SINS

Nonlinear initial alignment is a significant research topic for strapdown inertial navigation system(SINS).Cubature Kalman filter(CKF)is a popular tool for nonlinear initial alignment.Standard CKF assumes that the statics of the observation noise are pre-given before the filtering process.Therefore,any unpredicted outliers in observation noise will decrease the stability of the filter.In view of this problem,improved CKF method with robustness is proposed.Multiple fading factors are introduced to rescale the obser-vation noise covariance.Then the update stage of the filter can be autonomously tuned,and if there are outliers exist in the observations,the update should be less weighted.Under the Gaussian assumption of KF,the Mahalanobis distance of the innovation vector is supposed to be Chi-square distributed.Therefore a judging index based on Chi-square test is designed to detect the noise outliers,determining whether the fading tune are required.The proposed method is applied in the nonlinear alignment of SINS,and vehicle experiment proves the effective of the proposed method.     

对转涡轮用于水下航行器的初步研究

阐述了对转涡轮在航空航天领域的发展现状,总结出对转涡轮的优点和应用前景,提出了一种可用作水下航行器动力主机的涡轮机类型.分析了水下航行器涡轮机与航空航天涡轮机的差别,论证了对转涡轮使用在水下航行器上的可行性,建立了水下航行器对转涡轮机的设计框架.     

高超声速巡航飞行器中制导研究

通过分析目前应用较为普遍的几种组合导航方式,针对高超声速巡航飞行器,提出了采用捷联惯性导航系统(SINS)/GPS/天文导航系统(CNS)组合导航作为其中段制导方案,并利用四元数法进行捷联惯性导航计算,运用联邦滤波方法对组合导航进行了仿真,仿真结果表明该方案行之有效。     

Simulation on the dynamic stability derivatives of battle-structure-damaged aircrafts

Accurately evaluating the aerodynamic performance of a battle-structure-damaged aircraft is essential to enable the pilot to optimize the flight control strategy. Based on CFD and rigid dynamic mesh techniques, a numerical method is developed to calculate the longitudinal and longitudinal-lateral coupling forces and moments with small amplitude sinusoidal pitch oscillation, and the corresponding dynamic de-rivatives of two fragment-structure-damaged and two continuous-rod-damaged models modified from the SACCON UAV. The results indicate that, at the reference point set in this paper, additional positive damping is generated in fragment-damaged configurations; thus, the absolute values of the negative pitch dynamic derivative increase. The missing wingtip induces negative pitch damping on the aircraft and decreases the value of the pitch dynamic derivative. The missing middle wing causes a noticeable increase in the absolute value of the pitch dynamic derivative;the missing parts on the right wing cause the aircraft to roll to the right side in the dynamic process, and the pitch-roll coupling cross dynamic derivatives are positive. Moreover, the values of these derivatives increase as the damaged area on the right wing increases, and an optimal case with the smallest cross dynamic derivative can be found to help improve the survivability of damaged aircraft.     

The use of dynamic programming methodology for the solution of a class of nonlinear programming problems

This paper presents an application of a method for finding the global solution to a problem in integers with a separable objective function of a very general form. This report shows that there is a relationship between an integer problem with a separable nonlinear objective function and many constraints and a series of nonlinear problems with only a single constraint, each of which can be solved sequentially using dynamic programming. The first solution to any of the individual smaller problems that satisfies the original constraints in addition, will be the optimal solution to the multiply-constrained problem.     

全垫升气垫船航向稳定性研究

通过对扰动运动方程的分析得到了船舶航向稳定性衡准数的计算公式,并计算了某型全垫升气垫船的航向稳定性衡准数;建立了基于船模试验数据的某型气垫船的运动仿真模型,通过舵角干扰和螺旋操纵仿真试验研究了其航向稳定性.研究结果表明,全垫升气垫船在低航速时不具有航向稳定性,在高航速时具有直线运动稳定性,并且航向稳定性随着航速的增高而增强.     

Influence of a liquid-filled compartment structure on the incoming shaped charge jet stability

Liquid-filled compartment structure consists of a bulk steel plate with matrix blind holes which are filled with liquid and a steel front plate to seal up the liquid with rings and bolts.The liquid-filled compart-ment structure can resist the shaped charge warhead effectively.This paper presents experimental and theoretical investigations of the penetration ability of the residual shaped charge jet emerging from the liquid-filled compartment structure after the penetration process at different impact angles.On the basis of shock wave propagation theory,the influence of the liquid-filled compartment structure on jet sta-bility is analysed.The interferences of the liquid backflow caused by a reflected shock wave and a back plate on jet stability under different impact angles are also examined.In addition,the range of the disturbed velocity segments of the jet at different impact angles and the penetration ability of the re-sidual jet are obtained.A theoretical model is validated against the experimental penetration depths.     

Dual-steering mode based on direct yaw moment control for multiwheel hub motor driven vehicles: Theoretical design and experimental assessment

One of the main challenges for multi-wheel hub motor driven vehicles is the coordination of individual drivetrains to improve mobility and stability in the steering process. This paper proposes a dual-steering mode based on direct yaw moment control for enhancing vehicle steering ability in complex environments. The control system is designed as a hierarchical structure, with a yaw moment decision layer and a driving force distribution layer. In the higher-level layer, the objective optimization...     

移位算子是近次正常算子的充要条件

本文在文献[1]工作的基础上,给出单侧加权移位算子是近次正常算子的充要条件,它们是通过移位算子的权序列性质来刻画的。     

锥壳稳定方程的一般解

在本文中,用应力函数和中面法向位移表示的锥壳稳定方程被变化成为一对无奇异性的简化方程,然后得出了方程的幂级数形式的一般解。计算结果与已有的实验结果符合良好。计算分析了８种边界情况下边界条件对静水外压临界载荷的影响及解的收敛性。