一种卫星对接装置空间凸轮机构传动分析验证

针对某新型GEO卫星与其他航天器的对接过程,设计了一种卫星对接装置。该对接装置主要采用空间凸轮机构,首先对其进行详细结构设计,并建立空间凸轮曲线的数学模型,通过理论计算分析空间凸轮机构传动特性。制造样机进行试验验证,通过高速摄影对凸轮机构传动特性进行记录。通过对比表明,试验结果与理论结果高度吻合,验证了空间凸轮曲线数学模型的合理性以及对接装置的可行性。对接装置具有碰撞接触力小、锁紧力大、运动平稳可靠等优点,能够有效地满足GEO卫星对接任务的要求。     

基于Matlab/Simulink的内燃机凸轮挺柱磨损数值计算的仿真研究

建立了凸轮磨损计算的仿真模型,论证了模型的正确性以及利用Simulink进行凸轮机构的磨损数值计算仿真的有效性,并利用Matlab/Simulink对其进行仿真.仿真结果与实验结果较为吻合.     

活塞凸轮发动机的参数综合

活塞凸轮发动机体积小、功率大,多用于一次性的武器装备中.文中提出了计算空间凸轮机构综合曲率半径的原则方法和提高其接触强度的有效途径,为该种发动机的民用化开辟了广阔的前景.     

新型双转子发动机功率传输装置的运动学特性

提出一种基于摆盘和凸轮组合机构的双转子发动机功率传输装置。其结构简单、布置方式完全对称,平衡性好,能够通过凸轮控制转子的运动规律。为分析和研究该机构的运行特性,通过欧拉法建立该机构的基本运动学模型,计算出其运行轨迹,凸轮轮廓线等。分析了主要结构参数,如滚子轴线夹角和摆盘倾角,对其容积变化规律的影响。主要结论如下:滚子轴线夹角越靠近90°,气缸容积变化幅值越大。摆盘倾角与容积变化规律是成正比的,对于四叶片活塞转子而言,摆盘倾角最大取值约为65°。在实际中,滚子轴线夹角最好取90°,摆盘倾角要在留出足够叶片活塞厚度的前提下尽量取较大的值。     

一种新型双转子发动机功率传输装置特性研究*

本文提出了一种基于摆盘和凸轮组合机构的双转子发动机功率传输装置。其结构简单、布置方式完全对称,平衡性好,能够通过凸轮控制转子的运动规律。为了分析和研究该机构的运行特性,建立了该机构的基本运动学模型,计算出了其运行轨迹,凸轮轮廓线等。分析了主要结构参数,如滚子轴线夹角和摆盘倾角,对其容积变化规律的影响。得出主要结论如下：滚子轴线夹角越靠近90°,气缸容积变化幅值越大。摆盘倾角与容积变化规律是成正比的,对于四叶片活塞转子而言,摆盘倾角最大可取值大约为65°。在实际中,滚子轴线夹角最好取90°,摆盘倾角要在留出足够叶片活塞厚度的前提下尽量去较大的值。     

脉冲水射流水力共振系统理想脉冲源研究

阐明强制施加的无衰减标准正弦脉冲是水射流水力共振系统的理想脉冲源,创立用恒流源、在其出口旁接活塞缸、使活塞在缸内作往复正弦速度运动产生理想流量脉冲的方案,给出电动活塞泵用凸轮机构传动提供恒定流量、旁接缸活塞用凸轮机构或曲轴连杆机构传动使缸的容积呈正弦变化的技术.     

摆动滚子从动件圆柱凸轮的解析设计

本文根据微分几何的包络原理,导出了摆动滚子从动件圆柱凸轮的轮廓曲面方程;在此基础上,讨论了凸轮轮廓的根切条件、滚子与凸轮的接触区域、接触线方向以及凸轮任一圆柱面上实际轮廓曲线的确定;得到了滚子与凸轮任一接触点处的压力角计算公式,并给出了按许用压力角设计的滚子最小接触高度,从而较完整地解决了摆动滚子从动件圆柱凸轮的几何设计问题。     

对周转斜盘发动机导槽形式的初步探讨

本文从保证斜盘匀速性的角度导出了凸轮随动机构的理论曲线,该曲线较之被认为有希望的直导槽更能保证斜盘机工作的平稳性,并对它们的优缺点进行了比较。     

变倍凸轮的计算机优化设计

以连续变倍瞄准镜为例 ,推导了变倍凸轮转角与变倍曲线升角的关系式 ,建立了变倍凸轮曲线优化设计的数学模型 ,并叙述了有关的设计方法。     

圆柱凸轮实际型线分析

本文从分析滚子相对于圆柱凸轮运动的相对速度入手,导出了计算从动件分别为平面移动和摆动的圆柱凸轮实际型线的关系式。     

Empirical analysis of the defense interdependence between Japan and the United States

The purpose of this paper is to analyze the defense interdependence between Japan and the United States (US) in the short and long run and to investigate whether Japan is a follower or a free rider of the “US” over the 1975–2009 period. Given that mutual aid between Japan and the US has been maintained, the empirical results suggest that Japanese defense has a stable relationship with US defense. Furthermore, the results reveal that Japan is not a free rider but rather a follower in the period under consideration.     

Shortest path interdiction problem with arc improvement recourse: A multiobjective approach

We consider the shortest path interdiction problem involving two agents, a leader and a follower, playing a Stackelberg game. The leader seeks to maximize the follower's minimum costs by interdicting certain arcs, thus increasing the travel time of those arcs. The follower may improve the network after the interdiction by lowering the costs of some arcs, subject to a cardinality budget restriction on arc improvements. The leader and the follower are both aware of all problem data, with the exception that the leader is unaware of the follower's improvement budget. The effectiveness of an interdiction action is given by the length of a shortest path after arc costs are adjusted by both the interdiction and improvement. We propose a multiobjective optimization model for this problem, with each objective corresponding to a different possible improvement budget value. We provide mathematical optimization techniques to generate a complete set of strategies that are Pareto‐optimal. Additionally, for the special case of series‐parallel graphs, we provide a dynamic‐programming algorithm for generating all Pareto‐optimal solutions.     

Novel approach for active vibration control of a flexible missile

This paper investigates the feasibility of using an active dynamic vibration absorber (ADVA) for active vibration control of a flexible missile system through simulation. Based on the principles of a dynamic vibration absorber (DVA), a ring-type ADVA is first designed to attenuate the elastic vibration of the flexible missile, and the design of the active controller adopts the proportional-integral-derivative (PID) control algorithm. The motion equations of a flexible missile with an ADVA, which is subjected to follower thrust at its aft end, are derived using the Lagrangian approach. Taking the minimum of the root mean square (RMS) of the lateral displacement response of the center of mass as the objective function, a genetic algorithm (GA) is used to optimize the parameter of the DVA and PID controller. The numerical calculations show that the ADVA and DVA are effective in suppressing the vibration and provide approximately 41.2% and 17.6% improvement, respectively, compared with the case of no DVA. The ADVA has better performance than the DVA. When the missile is subjected to follower thrust, the effect of vibration reduction is more effective than the case without follower thrust. It is feasible to reduce vibration and improve the stability of flexible missiles by means of the ADVA.     

New product introduction against a predator: A bilevel mixed‐integer programming approach

We consider a scenario with two firms determining which products to develop and introduce to the market. In this problem, there exists a finite set of potential products and market segments. Each market segment has a preference list of products and will buy its most preferred product among those available. The firms play a Stackelberg game in which the leader firm first introduces a set of products, and the follower responds with its own set of products. The leader's goal is to maximize its profit subject to a product introduction budget, assuming that the follower will attempt to minimize the leader's profit using a budget of its own. We formulate this problem as a multistage integer program amenable to decomposition techniques. Using this formulation, we develop three variations of an exact mathematical programming method for solving the multistage problem, along with a family of heuristic procedures for estimating the follower solution. The efficacy of our approaches is demonstrated on randomly generated test instances. This article contributes to the operations research literature a multistage algorithm that directly addresses difficulties posed by degeneracy, and contributes to the product variety literature an exact optimization algorithm for a novel competitive product introduction problem. © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Naval Research Logistics, 2009     

基于制导与控制一体化的导弹编队队形控制

为了提高导弹编队协同作战队形控制能力,研究了基于制导与控制一体化思想的编队队形控制器设计问题。根据领弹-从弹的动力学以及运动学方程,推导出了领弹-从弹的相对运动模型,建立了领弹姿态信息与从弹舵偏角之间的关系,将从弹通道间的耦合项作为不确定项进行处理,并利用自适应神经网络理论设计了补偿器,对不确定项进行了处理。根据反演理论设计了编队队形控制器,能够对导弹编队队形进行有效的控制。     

On efficiency of multistage channel with bargaining over wholesale prices

This article considers a multistage channel with deterministic price‐sensitive demand. Two systems for pricing decisions, that is, the bargaining system and the leader‐follower system, are compared. We characterize the necessary and sufficient conditions on the power structure, under which the solution of the bargaining system Pareto dominates that of the leader‐follower system. Also, under such conditions, we give a tight upper bound of channel efficiency of the bargaining system, which converges to 100% channel efficiency as the number of stages increases to infinity. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Naval Research Logistics 63: 449–459, 2016     

基于微分几何与李群的无人机编队会合方法

在领航-跟随编队模式下,设计了一种基于追缉策略的无人机编队会合方法。首先,基于微分几何曲线论和弗雷涅-塞雷标架建立了无人机非解耦三维运动模型,其中将曲率和挠率作为控制量;结合该模型给出了无人机三维编队会合问题的数学描述,它将导弹制导问题中的终端落角约束映射为编队会合问题中僚机的航迹倾角约束,同时引入额外的航迹方位角约束;然后使用特殊正交群的元素来度量长僚机方向偏差,并通过局部坐标映射将其映射为对应李代数空间中的旋量;接着,基于该旋量设计了编队会合几何导引律,并给出相应的曲率和挠率控制指令;最后,分别在长机稳定平飞和转弯机动条件下进行了多机编队会合数字仿真实验,仿真结果显示僚机能够有效地跟踪长机航向并收敛至指定位形,说明了方法的有效性。     

试论转化型抢劫罪的认定标准

在司法实践中,由盗窃、诈骗、抢夺转化为抢劫的刑事犯罪是一类比较典型的犯罪,其典型性主要体现为其犯罪性质已由盗窃、诈骗、抢夺转化为抢劫。现行刑法典第269条规定:“犯盗窃、诈骗、抢夺罪,为窝藏赃物、抗拒抓捕或者毁灭罪证而当场使用暴力或者以暴力相威胁的,依照本法第二百六十三条的规定定罪处罚,”根据这一规定,上述犯罪应以抢劫罪论处。笔者认为,在司法实务中适用本条来处理案件时,要真正理解本条的立法原意,并正确把握转化型抢劫罪严格的适用条件。这在实践中具有十分重要的意义。本文结合实践,对刑法典第269条转化型抢劫罪的适用条件等问题作一初步探讨。     

中介语理论及其在英语翻译教学中的应用

成年外语学习者在学习第二语言过程中的各个方面都会受到其母语的影响,并且会彤成一种既不同于其母语、又不同于目标语的一种被称为“中介语”的特殊的暂时语言形式。中介语不可避免地会影响到翻译教学,教师在教学过程中应该充分注意中介语的影响,并积极利用中介语理论以促进英语教学。本文将运用中介语在外语学习特别是翻译过程中的影响,分析有关翻译谬误并提供一些可能的解决办法。     

A three‐stage procurement optimization problem under uncertainty

This article examines a problem faced by a firm procuring a material input or good from a set of suppliers. The cost to procure the material from any given supplier is concave in the amount ordered from the supplier, up to a supplier‐specific capacity limit. This NP‐hard problem is further complicated by the observation that capacities are often uncertain in practice, due for instance to production shortages at the suppliers, or competition from other firms. We accommodate this uncertainty in a worst‐case (robust) fashion by modeling an adversarial entity (which we call the “follower”) with a limited procurement budget. The follower reduces supplier capacity to maximize the minimum cost required for our firm to procure its required goods. To guard against uncertainty, the firm can “protect” any supplier at a cost (e.g., by signing a contract with the supplier that guarantees supply availability, or investing in machine upgrades that guarantee the supplier's ability to produce goods at a desired level), ensuring that the anticipated capacity of that supplier will indeed be available. The problem we consider is thus a three‐stage game in which the firm first chooses which suppliers' capacities to protect, the follower acts next to reduce capacity from unprotected suppliers, and the firm then satisfies its demand using the remaining capacity. We formulate a three‐stage mixed‐integer program that is well‐suited to decomposition techniques and develop an effective cutting‐plane algorithm for its solution. The corresponding algorithmic approach solves a sequence of scaled and relaxed problem instances, which enables solving problems having much larger data values when compared to standard techniques. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Naval Research Logistics, 2013