指挥自动化系统现状与发展趋势

研究了美、俄、日等国军队指挥自动化系统的现状及发展趋势,着重介绍了美军的战略指挥控制系统与战术指挥控制系统、情报侦察与预警探测系统、通信系统、电子战系统.强调目前典型的指挥自动化系统就是上述系统有机结合的整体.分析了我军指挥自动化系统的发展需求,提出了系统对策与建议.     

升级换代的美军通信卫星

自上世纪60年代卫星通信进入实用阶段以来,军事通信装备的身影开始在太空出现。1991年爆发的海湾战争是军用卫星通信发展史上的一个转折点。那次战争被认为是第一次信息化战争,以美军为首的多国联军在战争中传输的信息量大得惊人,其中70％～80％是经由卫星传输的,因此,通信卫星一跃而成为美军战时通信的主力。此后,美军对通信卫星的倚重与日俱增。无论是美军中央司令部弗兰克斯司令坐镇本土、越洋指挥阿富汗战争,还是“捕食者”无人机从海外向国内传送战场图像,离开     

军事通信卫星及其下行链路性能研究

随着航天技术、数字通信技术、信息安全技术等的发展,一些军事大国恣意进行空间“武器化”,掌握“制天权”,对他国的安全构成严重的威胁。介绍了军事通信卫星及其优缺点,以及在现代战争中的应用,并对军事通信卫星的下行链路进行有效干扰的一些性能数据进行了分析和计算机仿真。     

美军红队评估体系建设现状及启示

本文简单介绍了美军红队的组建背景和红队评估体系的构成以及美军红队评估的应用,分析了红队人员的能力需求及训练,探讨了红队评估的军事价值和发展趋势,提出了美军红队评估对军队模拟蓝军建设的启示。     

基于CQEMR席位图谱的陆军指挥信息系统需求方法

结合陆军指挥信息系统需求研究体系性弱、标准规范缺等特点,提出基于CQEMR席位图谱的陆军指挥信息系统需求研究方法.深入分析美军需求发展现状和启示,以及我军发展现状和存在问题;明确指出基于联合作战能力生成的体系化、标准化、规范化需求研究思路,并细化定义需求生成、席位图谱等基本概念;系统介绍全覆盖、可量化、可评估、可映射和...     

美军推进人工智能军事应用的举措、挑战及启示

人工智能技术的发展加速了军事智能化的脚步。本文分析了美军在推进人工智能军事应用方面采取的一系列举措,如注重国家战略层面的顶层设计,出台一系列智能化发展战略规划;部署各类军事智能化研究项目,开展大数据、智能算法研究,促进人工智能技术向情报处理、无人作战平台、指挥控制、武器装备系统、作战方式变革的渗透转化;重视智能化技术的基础理论研究和人才培养,聚焦核心和关键技术的突破,夯实军事智能化发展的基础。阐述了美军在推进人工智能军事应用进程中面临的来自技术、信任、伦理等多方面的挑战,并从成熟算法民转军用、寻求认知智能算法突破、培养军事智能化复合型人才等角度提出几点启示。     

陆军指挥训练信息系统需求分析?

基于指挥训练信息系统组织部队进行实战化指挥训练,对促进部队从机械化向信息化转型条件下指挥训练方法手段的创新发展具有重要意义。按照观念新、角度新、应用新的思路,从军事需求、目标要求、应用需求和功能需求完成对新的陆军指挥训练信息系统建设需求分析研究。首先分析了当前陆军指挥训练信息系统建设方面存在的问题,结合陆军部队转型建设的需要,从模型体系构建、精确裁决评估、蓝军系统模拟以及仿真技术应用与集成方面提出了建设重点。从支持合成指挥训练、全要素指挥训练、要素演练和参与联合指挥训练等方面分析了应用需求。最后,从作战仿真、训练导调、训练监控、指挥控制、数据采集和裁决评估分析了系统的功能需求。     

近年美军国防系统分析学的学术动向

美军通过组织学术活动,利用国防系统分析学研究军队建设和作战问题,不断推出新理念,推动了美军军事优势的发展。美国陆、海、空军近年举办年度联合作战会议、赛博未来会议等学术研讨会;国际指挥控制研究与技术研讨会、美国军事运筹学会等学术团体发挥自身影响力,始终围绕美军建设的需求定期举行学术活动;国防工业协会等美国工业界协会组织,通过多种形式的学术会议或论坛活动促进行业和政府的信息交流。     

太空武器系列之二: 军用卫星

军用卫星系统作为航天武器系统的重要组成部分,在未来争夺制信息权的斗争中将发挥越来越大的作用.如果把运载火箭称为人类登天的“天梯”。那么军用卫星则可称之为“千里眼”、“顺风耳”。除人们熟悉的气象卫星、侦察卫星、通信卫星外.还有预警卫星和导航卫星等,它们“巡天遥看”,各司其职,对现代战争和未来军事发展产生着重要影响。作战“神经网络”:通信卫星通信卫星具有通信距离远、容量大、质量高、抗干扰能力强、安全可靠等优点。目前,一些大国和军事集团利用卫星完成的军事通信约占总军事通信量的80%。卫星通信已经成为其军事情报、指挥、控制与通信一体化大系统的“神经网络”。通信卫星系统主要支持5种类型的接收机:固定式、车载式、便携式、机载式和舰     

美军移动微型核反应堆建设发展及军事影响

便携式长效能源项目是美军重要的移动微型核反应堆研发计划,目前已经进入原型施工建造阶段。从发展沿革、项目进展、性能特点等方面对移动微型核反应堆的发展情况进行梳理;从摆脱对传统化石燃料严重依赖、解决军事能源补给长尾问题、满足武器装备发展对高效能源的迫切需求、支持军事力量转型和作战概念创新等角度分析美军大力发展移动微型核反应堆的内在动因;从引领军事能源革命、支撑后勤保障转型、促进武器装备创新、加速作战体系变革等方面研判移动微型核反应堆发展对军事的影响;提出抓紧布局发展、深化应用研究、加强国际合作等启示建议。     

Putin – the masked nemesis of the strategy of ambiguity

Recent events demonstrate the complex and adaptive approach employed by Russia to reassert influence in Europe. The changing face of Russia’s strategy commenced in 2007 when it launched a crippling cyber-attack against Estonia. This was followed by a large Russian conventional attack against Georgia in 2008, occupying two large areas of the nation. 2014 witnessed the Russian annexation of Crimea where in just a week, Russia seized control of Crimea “without firing a shot.” The annexation of Crimea was rapidly followed by a Russian inspired and led subversive war in eastern Ukraine. The common thread among these diverse Russian operations is its use of ambiguity to confound and confuse decision makers in the West.     

India's counter-insurgency experience: the ‘trust and nurture’ strategy

The Indian Army, a force trained primarily for conventional warfare, has been engaged in internal counter-insurgency operations since the 1950s. Despite such a long innings on a counter-insurgency mode, little attention has been accorded within military circles to doctrinal innovation for waging sub-conventional warfare in India's democratic political context. At best, the Army continues to view counter-insurgency duty as secondary to its primary duty of defending India from external conventional threats. By conceptualizing a counter-insurgency strategy of ‘trust and nurture’, this article aims to fill this critical doctrinal gap in India's military policy. The author argues that a counter-insurgency strategy of ‘trust and nurture’ based on democratic political culture, measured military methods, special counter-insurgency forces, local social and cultural awareness and an integrative nation-building approach will result in positive handling of India's internal security problems. The author utilizes India's counter-insurgency experiences in Assam, Mizoram, Nagaland, Punjab, and Operation ‘Sadhbhavana’ in Jammu and Kashmir as illustrative empirical indicants in order to validate the ‘trust and nurture’ strategy.     

Helping hands: civil–military cooperation and Italy's military operation abroad

In the Post-Bipolar Era the growing complexity of the military operations requires a new approach for the resolution of international crises. Since the end of the Cold War, peace support operations (PSO) have become the mainstay and principal occupation of most Western armies. At the same time, Italy has been one of the most important actors in such an area. The article focuses on the cooperation between military and civil components (a process called CIMIC) as a key variable in the Italian PSOs. We will analyse in detail the main lessons learned from past military interventions as well as the general context in which new tendencies are taking place. The maintaining of a minimum security frame becomes essential to fulfil activities ‘collateral’ to the mission: reconstructing services and infrastructure, food distribution, water and medication, law and order, de-mining, training of local forces, and supporting local institutions. These are the main tasks to obtain thrust and support from the population.     

Terrorism,insurgency, kidnapping,and security in Africa's energy sector

Energy continues to serve as the bedrock of modern economies and the main driver of modern society. For Africa, the production and supply of energy resources such as crude oil, natural gas, uranium, coal, biomass, biofuels and other renewables are an important source of employment, rents, taxes, royalties and profits. This sector brings in several tens of billions of dollars of revenue annually. The production and delivery of such resources, however, depend on critical infrastructures such as pipelines, refineries, processing plants, terminals, rigs, electrical energy pylons, substations, pump stations, vessels, and tankers. These infrastructures have been attacked by terrorists, insurgents, vandals and saboteurs, all of whom see them as targets against which to register their grievances and extract concessions from the state. This paper is a chronological account of some of the documented incidents of terrorism, insurgency, kidnapping, destruction, sabotage, and human casualties suffered in the oil and gas sectors in Africa between 1999 and 2012. It is based on data extracted from the databases of the RAND Database of World Terrorism Incidents and the University of Maryland's Global Terrorism Database (GTD).     

Tacit support for terrorism: The rapprochement between the USSR and Palestinian guerrilla organizations following the 1967 war

This article demonstrates the inconsistent and wavering Soviet attitude towards national liberation movements in general and the Palestinian organizations in particular. Until the late 1960s, the Soviets viewed these organizations with suspicion, hesitating to engage in political dialogue with them. However, in the 1970s, political and military events in the region, as well as modifications in the Kremlin's Cold War strategies, led to a general shift towards the Middle East in Soviet foreign policy. Soviet leaders showed increased willingness to provide certain Palestinian organizations with arms with which to conduct terrorist activities against Israeli, pro-Israeli, Jewish and Western targets. The article explores the complex relations between Palestinian organizations and the USSR in the field of international terror. The study also exposes and analyzes the nature and content of Soviet–Palestinian arms dialogues and transactions. It provides clear evidence that Soviet policymakers and other luminaries were fully informed of, and sometimes directly involved in, these transactions and dialogues at the highest levels.     

A1 Qaeda and the radical Islamic challenge to western strategy

The September 11 global crisis prompted by the attacks on the World Trade Center and the Pentagon raises major questions concerning the nature and trajectory of terrorism in the post-Cold War global order. Hitherto, terrorism has been largely debated by analysts at the level of nation states. Terrorist and insurgent movements have also been largely anchored in nationalist and ethnic power bases even when they have sought to mobilise a transnational ideological appeal on religious or class grounds. There have been a few exceptions to this pattern such as the alliance between the German Baader-Meinhof group and the Japanese Red Army Faction, but even such international alliances as this did not, until at least the 1980s, presage anything like a global terrorist network necessitating a global strategic response. This study examines terrorism and global strategic responses.     

Helping hands: external support for the KNU insurgency in Burma

This article analyses to what extent the Burmese KNU insurgency made use of external support from states, refugees, and diasporas. Based on extensive fieldwork it is concluded that support from neighbouring states and refugees has for years kept the Karen rebellion alive. Western countries perceived forms of resistance to the illegitimate Burmese regime as just and have therefore played a crucial role in the continuation of conflict in Karen State. It is important that policymakers and donors as well as executing organizations continue to reflect critically on the way they exercise their work.     

Reviews

Douglas S. Derrer, We Are All the Target: A Handbook of Terrorism Avoidance and Hostage Survival. Annapolis, MD: US Naval Institute Press, 1992. Pp. x+135, notes, index. $14.95. ISBN 01–55750–150–5

Ian Knight, Zulu: Isandlwana and Rorke's Drift, 22–23 January 1879. London: Windrow & Greene, 1992. Pp.136, 150 illus., incl 8 colour plates, maps, biblio. £35. ISBN 1–872004–23–7

Ian Knight, By the Orders of the Great White Queen: Campaigning in Zululand through the Eyes of the British Soldiers, 1879. London: Greenhill Books and Novato: Presidio Press, 1992. Pp. 272, 17 illus., 1 map. £18.95. ISBN 1–85367–122–3

Manfried Rauchensteiner and Erwin A. Schmidl (eds.), Formen des Krieges: vom Mittelalter zum ‘Low‐intensity’ Conflict’. Graz : Verlag Styria, 1991. Pp.208. DM35. ISBN 3–22–12139–7

Harold J. Kearsley, Maritime Power and the Twenty‐First Century. Dartmouth: Dartmouth Publishing Company, Limited, 1992. Pp.xv + 203, 13 diagrams, index. £32.50. ISBN 1–85521–288–9     

基于GTST-DMLD-ESD的装备RMS建模仿真

装备的RMS是装备的重要设计参数,是影响战备完好和保障能力的关键因素.引入GTST-DMLD作为主要建模工具,建立起装备系统的RMS描述模型,以ESD为补充和扩展,对维修过程进行建模.并以GTST-DMLD-ESD模型作为装备RMS仿真的核心,对装备RMS仿真模型的总体框架进行了研究,并对各模块进行了较为详细的探讨.