激光防空武器系统作战效能研究

激光防空武器系统是一种新型的高技术多指标综合武器系统,其作战效能评估即是研究新型武器系统装备的主要依据,又是一件十分艰难的任务。依据WSEIAC提出的效能分析模型,建立了激光防空武器系统的ADC模型,对激光防空武器系统的作战效能作了研究,对其他武器的效能分析具有示范和借鉴作用。     

激光末制导炮弹作战效能评估的SEA方法

本文运用ＳＥＡ方法,结合地形量化,建立了动态数学模型,对激光末制导炮弹武器系统作战效能进行了评估,并编制仿真软件,为科学评估激光末制导炮弹武器系统效能提供了有效的途径。     

某高炮武器系统作战效能评估

某高炮武器系统是我军近几年装备的一种性能优良、技术先进的新型防空武器系统,在反空袭作战中将发挥重要的作用,计算该系统的作战效能具有重要的军事价值和现实意义。建立了计算高炮武器系统对空中目标毁歼概率的数学模型,给出了作战效能评估的数学公式,分别计算了某高炮武器系统用X波段雷达、Ka波段雷达、电视激光方式工作时的作战效能。     

舰舰导弹武器系统作战效能评估

在规定舰舰导弹典型作战任务剖面的情况下,运用美国工业武器系统效能咨询委员会评估武器系统效能的方法,建立舰舰导弹武器系统作战效能评估数学模型,并进行了算例验证和分析。结果表明:该模型可有效评估舰舰导弹武器系统作战效能,为舰舰导弹武器系统作战效能的评估提供了有效且便于操作的方法。     

基于神经网络模型的武器装备作战效能评估

作战效能是武器系统在规定作战条件下,完成规定作战任务的能力,它是论证、设计、生产和使用武器装备所追求的目标。本文尝试将人工神经网络技术应用于武器系统作战效能评估,以运用BP模型对具有代表性的六种外军坦克的作战能力评估为例,从而得到武器系统作战效能评估的一般方法。研究结果表明,基于人工神经网络模型的武器系统作战效能的评估是可行、有效的,对全面而科学评价武器系统作战效能具有积极指导作用和较强实用性。     

灰色关联综合优化法评估武器系统作战效能

武器系统作战效能评估是一个多因素综合评判问题.在以往的效能评估中存在效能指标可信度降低、缺乏横向可比性等弱点,为解决上述不足,提出利用灰色关联综合优化法对武器系统作战效能进行评估,通过评估实例说明了利用灰色关联综合优化法评估武器系统作战效能的步骤,通过对评估结果的分析可以说明灰色关联综合优化法是评估武器系统作战效能的一种有效方法     

水陆坦克武器系统作战效能评估模型

为科学评估水陆坦克武器系统作战效能,在讨论武器系统作战效能定义的基础上,分析了该武器系统的作战效能评估指标体系,综述了水陆坦克武器系统作战效能评定的方法,给出了水陆坦克武器系统作战效能分析与综合的定义及数学模型.实现了对水陆坦克武器系统在战场对抗环境下的作战效能评估,为系统的设计、研制、评价提供了依据.     

异型防空武器系统标准化问题研究

区域防空是现代防空作战的主要作战方式,其防空力量有多种型号的地空导弹和高炮部队,按照一定的作战意图进行的整体部署和科学规划,从而构成高中低空、远中近程相结合的严密的火力配系。然而射程、射高、拦截能力、抗干扰能力等指标均不同的各型防空武器,带来了诸如解决防空兵力、弹药需求、防空作战的效能评估等问题。将异型防空兵器进行标准化处理,将各型防空武器归一到某个标准防空武器系统,是解决上述问题的有效途径。一、效能指标体系根据防空武器系统的特点,为较好地反映各防空武器系统的作战效能,本文选取的防空武器系统作战效能指标…     

基于排队论的地空导弹武器系统作战效能评估

为科学评估地空导弹武器系统的作战效能,以排队理论为基础,研究了应用排队模型模拟和评估防空部队作战效能的方法。通过解析计算模型的各项指标,从而得到用于评估武器系统作战效能的重要参数。根据所计算出的武器系统效能,可有效分析出防空部队的兵力优化配置方案,为指挥员做出迅速、准确的决策提供科学依据。     

舰空导弹武器系统作战效能评估综述

在舰空导弹武器系统作战效能评估研究现状基础上,分析武器系统作战效能评估的关键研究方向,如作战效能评估方法及模型、作战指挥效能评估、武器系统使用可用性评估、人机系统可靠性评估、武器系统生存能力评估、任务完成程度评估、武器系统战场抢修研究等,展望了该研究领域的发展动向。     

Putin – the masked nemesis of the strategy of ambiguity

Recent events demonstrate the complex and adaptive approach employed by Russia to reassert influence in Europe. The changing face of Russia’s strategy commenced in 2007 when it launched a crippling cyber-attack against Estonia. This was followed by a large Russian conventional attack against Georgia in 2008, occupying two large areas of the nation. 2014 witnessed the Russian annexation of Crimea where in just a week, Russia seized control of Crimea “without firing a shot.” The annexation of Crimea was rapidly followed by a Russian inspired and led subversive war in eastern Ukraine. The common thread among these diverse Russian operations is its use of ambiguity to confound and confuse decision makers in the West.     

India's counter-insurgency experience: the ‘trust and nurture’ strategy

The Indian Army, a force trained primarily for conventional warfare, has been engaged in internal counter-insurgency operations since the 1950s. Despite such a long innings on a counter-insurgency mode, little attention has been accorded within military circles to doctrinal innovation for waging sub-conventional warfare in India's democratic political context. At best, the Army continues to view counter-insurgency duty as secondary to its primary duty of defending India from external conventional threats. By conceptualizing a counter-insurgency strategy of ‘trust and nurture’, this article aims to fill this critical doctrinal gap in India's military policy. The author argues that a counter-insurgency strategy of ‘trust and nurture’ based on democratic political culture, measured military methods, special counter-insurgency forces, local social and cultural awareness and an integrative nation-building approach will result in positive handling of India's internal security problems. The author utilizes India's counter-insurgency experiences in Assam, Mizoram, Nagaland, Punjab, and Operation ‘Sadhbhavana’ in Jammu and Kashmir as illustrative empirical indicants in order to validate the ‘trust and nurture’ strategy.     

An Unlikely Alliance: Portuguese and South African Airpower in Angola, 1968–1974

The war that Portugal was obliged to fight in Africa began in 1961 and immediately stretched the resources of its armed forces. Nowhere was this thinness more apparent than in policing the vast territory of Angola. The east and southeast of Angola were particularly vulnerable, as the area was a vast, sparsely populated region characterised by enormous featureless plains or chanas covered in tall grass and broken by an extensive river system and mountainous forests. The only military solution to policing these immense spaces was aviation and specifically the helicopter that could carry troops into battle, protect them with a gunship and bring them home when the operation was concluded. The immediate problem for the Portuguese Air Force (Força Aérea Portuguesa or FAP) in Angola and elsewhere was a scarcity of helicopters. The solution was an alliance with South Africa, which had a strong inventory of Alouette IIIs, to help in policing the east. This move was likewise in the interest of South Africa, as its threat came from Zambia through south-eastern Angola. This article examines the strategic and tactical development of this unusual, cross-cultural alliance and the symbiotic relationship that resulted in destruction of the enemies of both in Angola.     

国内外结构钢焊条研究的现状与发展

本文主要介绍了国外焊条的现状和发展趋势,包括焊条的高韧性、高效率、低尘低毒和耐吸潮性能,为国内的焊条研究提供了参考依据。     

A Sign of Victory?: ‘Scottish Swords’ and Other Weapons in the Possession of the ‘Auld Innemie’

Many late medieval documents, notably inventories of arms and armour, of Englishmen contain references to ‘Scottish swords’ and other weapons. What did the compilers of these documents mean when they described a weapon as ‘Scottish’? How did such weapons come to be in the possession of these men? This article will attempt to explain this phenomenon drawing on primary documentary sources and surviving material culture from Glasgow Museums’ collections and others, as well as artworks from the period.     

Helping hands: civil–military cooperation and Italy's military operation abroad

In the Post-Bipolar Era the growing complexity of the military operations requires a new approach for the resolution of international crises. Since the end of the Cold War, peace support operations (PSO) have become the mainstay and principal occupation of most Western armies. At the same time, Italy has been one of the most important actors in such an area. The article focuses on the cooperation between military and civil components (a process called CIMIC) as a key variable in the Italian PSOs. We will analyse in detail the main lessons learned from past military interventions as well as the general context in which new tendencies are taking place. The maintaining of a minimum security frame becomes essential to fulfil activities ‘collateral’ to the mission: reconstructing services and infrastructure, food distribution, water and medication, law and order, de-mining, training of local forces, and supporting local institutions. These are the main tasks to obtain thrust and support from the population.     

Terrorism,insurgency, kidnapping,and security in Africa's energy sector

Energy continues to serve as the bedrock of modern economies and the main driver of modern society. For Africa, the production and supply of energy resources such as crude oil, natural gas, uranium, coal, biomass, biofuels and other renewables are an important source of employment, rents, taxes, royalties and profits. This sector brings in several tens of billions of dollars of revenue annually. The production and delivery of such resources, however, depend on critical infrastructures such as pipelines, refineries, processing plants, terminals, rigs, electrical energy pylons, substations, pump stations, vessels, and tankers. These infrastructures have been attacked by terrorists, insurgents, vandals and saboteurs, all of whom see them as targets against which to register their grievances and extract concessions from the state. This paper is a chronological account of some of the documented incidents of terrorism, insurgency, kidnapping, destruction, sabotage, and human casualties suffered in the oil and gas sectors in Africa between 1999 and 2012. It is based on data extracted from the databases of the RAND Database of World Terrorism Incidents and the University of Maryland's Global Terrorism Database (GTD).     

Cyberpower in Strategic Affairs: Neither Unthinkable nor Blessed

Abstract

This article explores the effect of connectivity on strategic affairs. It argues that the effect on war's character is potentially, although not yet shown in practice, considerably large. Its effect upon the distribution of power among states in the international system is small, contrary to the claims of ‘cyberwar’ alarmists. All told, however, its effect upon strategic affairs is complex. On the one hand, it represents a significant advance in the ‘complexification’ of state strategies, understood in the sense of the production of intended effects. On the other hand, strategists today – still predominantly concerned with the conflicts and confrontations of states and organised military power – are generally missing the power which non-traditional strategic actors, better adapted to the network flows of the information age, are beginning to deploy. These new forms of organization and coercion will challenge the status quo.