面向军事领域的动态本体构建技术研究

随着军事数据的爆炸式增长,传统的基于专家知识建立的静态本体存在对专家主观知识依赖性强、可移植性差、学习能力差等问题,已无法动态地适应数据的变化以及大规模知识图谱的自动更新。针对军事领域应用场景,提出一种面向军事领域的动态本体构建技术,通过初始本体设计、数据映射、形式背景合并、本体更新4个环节完成本体概念的更新。该技术可以随着信息的变化自动更新本体模型,方便多源异构数据的更新集成和知识图谱的构建。最后,以俄乌冲突知识图谱为案例进行分析验证。该动态本体构建技术能够有效发现新的事件类型及相关要素,实现多源异构数据的更新、融合及基于知识图谱的军事活动规律推理。     

基于BP神经网络的C4ISR系统人机交互性能评估

针对C4ISR系统中人机交互子系统的特点,运用神经网络方法探索其性能评估问题.建立了C4ISR系统人机交互性能评估的指标体系,阐述了BP神经网络的相关原理及算法,构建了基于此网络的性能评估模型.并利用MATLAB软件进行了仿真分析,证明了理论的正确.采用神经网络理论进行性能评估,可弥补专家的经验和知识,降低评价过程中的人为因素影响,保证其客观性.模型能够比较准确地对C4ISR系统人机交互性能进行评估,为研究指挥自动化系统提供了一种新的思路.     

对军事移动通信网中网络拓扑发现方法的分析

移动战术通信网络中节点随机地加入和离开网络,会造成网络拓扑结构变化大、网络拓扑结构复杂度增加等问题,因此,能够准确及时地把握军事移动网络拓扑的动态变化,获得正确完整的网络拓扑信息对整个网络的运行就显得至关重要,而且网络拓扑发现是网络管理系统的重要组成部分。分类归纳了几种常用的网络拓扑发现的方法,分析了实现这些方法的拓扑算法,并针对每种算法详细列出了其优缺点,为实现军事移动通信网拓扑发现的新方法提供依据。     

知识图谱的预警探测体系探测效能贝叶斯评估方法

战争中,预警探测体系作为典型的复杂系统,其探测效能发挥情况的有效评估一直是亟需人们研究解决的重要现实问题.突破了传统效能评估方法的局限,在分析了知识图谱技术、贝叶斯评估方法基本原理的基础上,提出了基于两者综合运用的预警探测体系探测效能评估新方法,利用专家知识和实验数据构建知识图谱,并进一步使用贝叶斯网络方法实施知识推理...     

软件定义的航天器测试网络技术

航天器测试网络是航天器自动化测试运行、测试数据监测分析等测试业务运行的信息通道,它的性能将极大影响航天器试验测试效率与试验数据的应用效能。针对传统航天器测试网络存在的物理独立部署、人工迁移、存在数据孤岛以及无法高效交换共享的不足,本文参考借鉴软件定义网络技术,设计了基于虚拟局域网及软件定义网络技术的软件定义航天器测试网络。该测试网络技术具备良好的软件重构、区域隔离、测试信息汇聚共享性能,能够通过软件重构,自动化迁移部署航天器测试网络;通过网络区域逻辑隔离,确保各航天器测试指令运行区域受控、安全;通过全局测试数据汇聚实现多航天器测试数据的交换共享,从而有效解决了航天器测试网络快速部署、测试指令安全运行与测试数据交换共享的问题,有力推动了装备试验数据工程的建设工作。     

电话地球站 (TES) 网管仿真训练系统的设计与实现

在 TES通信网络中 ,网管起着关键的作用 ,对网管操作人员提出了特殊的要求。本着提高网管操作人员的业务水平 ,保证 TES通信网络的正常运营 ,使用最新的多媒体技术、计算机技术、可视化技术、交互仿真技术、关系数据库技术和面向对象的程序设计方法 [1 ] [2 ] ,设计开发出一套比较完善的网管仿真训练系统。该仿真训练系统完全实现了网管中心的主要功能 ,给网管操作人员提供了一套新颖高效的训练环境和训练方法     

装备“互联网+”平台化综合保障的技术应用

"互联网+"的一个特点是从数据出发,挖掘数据中隐含的本质规律,提升信息的利用率,向用户有针对性地开展业务。在数字化装备时代,装备的研制数据与使用数据信息都是海量的。这些数据资源中隐含的规律信息正是研制部门服务用户的重要资源,也是改进设计、提升装备性能的宝贵财富。综合保障信息系统的核心,是利用数据信息与信息技术为装备的保障工作服务,正符合"互联网+"的理念。本文从"互联网+"技术的理念与途径出发,根据装备保障数据信息资源应用的特点,结合在综合保障信息系统应用中的实践,探索信息化装备保障的技术发展方向。     

装备“互联网+”平台化综合保障的技术应用

“互联网+”的一个特点是从数据出发,挖掘数据中隐含的本质规律,提升信息的利用率,向用户有针对性地开展业务。在数字化装备时代,装备的研制数据与使用数据信息都是海量的。这些数据资源中隐含的规律信息正是研制部门服务用户的重要资源,也是改进设计、提升装备性能的宝贵财富。综合保障信息系统的核心,是利用数据信息与信息技术为装备的保障工作服务,正符合“互联网+”的理念。本文从“互联网+”技术的理念与途径出发,根据装备保障数据信息资源应用的特点,结合在综合保障信息系统应用中的实践,探索信息化装备保障的技术发展方向。     

基于国防费投向投量的作战体系发展趋势预测模型研究

利用知识图谱、复杂网络和数学建模方法,基于国防费投向投量数据,构建作战体系预测模型。首先,建立“作战概念—作战体系—作战能力—武器装备/技术研发”知识图谱;然后,将国防费中装备采购和技术研发的真实数据,对应聚合到知识图谱对应的节点中;最后,利用复杂网络方法构建数学模型,预测外军作战体系发展方向和重点,辨析作战概念真伪。     

基于规则推理和自然语言理解的坦克火控知识库系统

针对坦克火控系统设计中如何充分利用专家经验性知识的问题,从坦克火控知识库系统设计面临的两个主要问题出发,提出基于规则推理的知识库系统构建方案,并针对其中的知识表示、知识检验和知识推理技术进行了研究,同时在知识获取这一瓶颈问题的研究中引入自然语言理解技术来进行专家经验性知识的自动获取。整个系统的设计与实现能够起到将专家经验与设计过程相结合的辅助作用。     

Reviews

Douglas S. Derrer, We Are All the Target: A Handbook of Terrorism Avoidance and Hostage Survival. Annapolis, MD: US Naval Institute Press, 1992. Pp. x+135, notes, index. $14.95. ISBN 01–55750–150–5

Ian Knight, Zulu: Isandlwana and Rorke's Drift, 22–23 January 1879. London: Windrow & Greene, 1992. Pp.136, 150 illus., incl 8 colour plates, maps, biblio. £35. ISBN 1–872004–23–7

Ian Knight, By the Orders of the Great White Queen: Campaigning in Zululand through the Eyes of the British Soldiers, 1879. London: Greenhill Books and Novato: Presidio Press, 1992. Pp. 272, 17 illus., 1 map. £18.95. ISBN 1–85367–122–3

Manfried Rauchensteiner and Erwin A. Schmidl (eds.), Formen des Krieges: vom Mittelalter zum ‘Low‐intensity’ Conflict’. Graz : Verlag Styria, 1991. Pp.208. DM35. ISBN 3–22–12139–7

Harold J. Kearsley, Maritime Power and the Twenty‐First Century. Dartmouth: Dartmouth Publishing Company, Limited, 1992. Pp.xv + 203, 13 diagrams, index. £32.50. ISBN 1–85521–288–9     

Panjwai: a tale of two COINs in Afghanistan

The US Army has two approaches to counterinsurgency operations in Afghanistan. One is hard, or combat-focused, and the other is soft, or development-focused. This study examines two US Army task forces deployed to Panjwai District, Afghanistan from 2012 to 2013. CTF 4-9 and 1-38 offer a meaningful comparison because they pursued these contrasting approaches among the same population and against the same enemy at the same time and place. The study compares each unit’s approach and finds that neither approach was successful absent the other. The article concludes by recommending further research into combining the approaches at the operational level.     

线性核时频信号表示及其仿真

根据ｃｈｉｒｐ信号在模糊域的特点,本文提出了线性核时频表示方法。这种方法在提高分辨率、消除交叉项以及抑制噪声等方面都具有较高的性能。理论分析和实验结果都证实了这种方法的有效性     

Putin – the masked nemesis of the strategy of ambiguity

Recent events demonstrate the complex and adaptive approach employed by Russia to reassert influence in Europe. The changing face of Russia’s strategy commenced in 2007 when it launched a crippling cyber-attack against Estonia. This was followed by a large Russian conventional attack against Georgia in 2008, occupying two large areas of the nation. 2014 witnessed the Russian annexation of Crimea where in just a week, Russia seized control of Crimea “without firing a shot.” The annexation of Crimea was rapidly followed by a Russian inspired and led subversive war in eastern Ukraine. The common thread among these diverse Russian operations is its use of ambiguity to confound and confuse decision makers in the West.     

Forecasting a Hurricane: Israeli and American Estimations of the Khomeini Revolution

The surprising ‘Arab Spring’ raises the question as to what would enable national intelligence to provide high quality warnings prior to the eruption of popular revolutions. This article uses new sources of evidence to trace and explain Israel's success in comparison to US failure at correctly estimating the course of the Iranian Revolution in 1977–79. In explaining this variance, the article shows that it was mainly the result of the intimate acquaintance of Israel's representatives in Iran with the local language, history and culture, as well as the ability to communicate with locals – tools which the Americans completely lacked.     

关于教师继续教育培训模式的思考

继续教育作为终身教育的重要组成部分和基本形式,对教师的发展成长意义重大。继续教育工作开展十多年来,取得了一定的成绩,但还存在不少问题,如学习动机较为被动,管理认识不到位,教学内容陈旧空泛,教学方法呆板机械等。随着课程改革的不断深入,继续教育必须采取相应的改进措施,树立以人为本,服务至上的观点,教学内容的前瞻性与实用性并重,教学人员进行整合,教学方法灵活多样,评价考核规范科学等,以此激活受训教师内在的学习动机,更大程度地提高继续教育培训的实际效果。     

用DirectShow实现网络视频

目前市场上的网络监控技术一般用昂贵的硬件设备来支撑,投资较大。在深入研究微软的DirectX9.0的基础上,提出如何用DirectShow软件技术和普通的数字摄像头来实现网络视频的监控和实现技术,内容涉及通信协议、视频的编码与解码技术、视频的编码格式和COM组件编程技术等,最终的实验结果令人满意,且费用低廉,技术可靠,为在高速局域网内构建视频监控系统提供有效的技术支持。     

Interpreting the Ribchester Helmet

In 1796 a 13-year-old boy playing on wasteland behind his father’s house in Ribchester, Lancashire discovered an assemblage of over 30 Roman artefacts, including a decorated brass helmet. Although partially corroded the Ribchester helmet is a fine example of a first-century AD cavalry sports helmet. This article considers how the interpretation of the helmet has evolved since its discovery. The multi-faceted iconography of the helmet with its mural crown diadem is that of an elite soldier and is paralleled in other examples of cavalry sports helmets of the Ribchester type. The long-neglected imagery on the helmet bowl is reinterpreted and seen not as a haphazard collection of randomly placed combatants but as a highly structured, symmetrical composition specifically designed to be viewed from different directions.     

Desert insurgency: lessons from the third Tuareg rebellion

This article provides an in-depth examination and analysis of the 2006–2009 Tuareg rebellion in Mali and Niger. It identifies the underlying reasons behind the rebellion, explores contrasting counter-insurgency (COIN) strategies employed by the two governments, and presents some lessons learned. While both COIN approaches ultimately produced similar peace settlements, the article argues that the Malian strategy of reconciliation combined with the selective use of force was far more effective than the Nigerien iron fist approach at limiting the size and scope of the insurgency and producing a more sustainable peace. It concludes by looking at the role of external actors, particularly the United States, and how the failure to internationalize the conflict was actually more beneficial to the local COIN effort, as well as to the longer strategic interests of the United States in the region.