鱼雷衡重特性对初始弹道的影响分析

建立了鱼雷水下空间弹道数学模型,并针对鱼雷不同的衡重特性,采用四阶龙格库塔法和全选主元高斯消去法进行了仿真计算,分别研究了不同自由角、管制舵角和初始速度时初始弹道的变化规律.仿真结果表明,在质量相对较小、质浮心距离较大时,鱼雷初始弹道更易出现拱水现象,因而不适于在浅深度发射;在质量相对较大、质浮心距离很小时,鱼雷初始弹道出现较大袋深,发射时要求大深度海区.这些现象只能在一定程度上通过调整管制舵角、自由角和发射初始速度来克服.     

管制舵角对某型鱼雷初始弹道的影响分析

针对某型鱼雷海上实射训练中出现的航行异常问题,利用建立的鱼雷水下空间弹道数学模型,对该型鱼雷不同管制舵角下的初始弹道进行了仿真计算.仿真结果表明:潜艇在潜望深度发射该型鱼雷时,鱼雷需设定管制舵角以防止出现跳水或沉雷现象;设定的最佳管制舵角为向下0.5°,且随着设定深度的增大,鱼雷初始弹道过渡过程越理想.     

水面舰艇发射鱼雷初期弹道优化研究

为了给水面舰艇发射鱼雷提供一定的理论可行性依据,以保证鱼雷的有效使用,减少试验次数和损失。利用动量定理和动量矩定理建立水面舰艇发射鱼雷初期弹道的数学模型。用Runge-Kutta法对鱼雷初期弹道进行仿真,并根据仿真结果分析了各种因素对鱼雷初期弹道的影响,从而得出水面舰艇发射鱼雷时各参数的最优值。     

潜射鱼雷弹道预测模型与仿真

对来袭鱼雷弹道进行预测是实施鱼雷防御的一个前提条件.首先,分析了目前水面舰艇对鱼雷信息的获取方式与特点,指出应以鱼雷方位信息为基准进行弹道预测.其次,从不同类型潜射鱼雷的发射方式和弹道特征着手,分别建立了潜射直航鱼雷、声自导鱼雷、尾流自导鱼雷的弹道预测模型,并归纳了线导鱼雷的导引艇方位分布规律.最后,通过仿真分析不同类型鱼雷的弹道预测效果和影响因素,并定量给出了线导鱼雷的导引艇方位预测偏差范围最小可达3°～5°.该研究成果可有效提高水面舰艇的鱼雷防御效能.     

潜艇正横发射诱饵安全性的建模与仿真

正横布置的潜艇发射装置在发射鱼雷诱饵时,有可能与发射艇的尾部相碰撞,分析了诱饵在发射管内的运动,建立了诱饵发射后在脱离发射管阶段及在初始弹道阶段的弹道数学模型,并以建立的数学模型为基础进行了仿真.仿真结果分析了不安全的内因,提出了为了保证诱饵发射的安全,应合理确定发射时的艇速、诱饵出管速度、合理选择舵角和操舵方式等影响因素.     

火箭助飞鱼雷发控及弹道仿真

针对水面舰艇反潜武器系统研制、火箭助飞鱼雷作战使用研究中对助飞鱼雷的仿真需求,重点研究了助飞鱼雷发射控制仿真方法和空中弹道仿真方法,突破了不同工况不同射程下发动机关机时间建模技术、保证大范围飞行一致性的火箭自适应控制器设计技术。应用表明,所形成的助飞鱼雷武器通道仿真模型能有效模拟助飞鱼雷从发射控制到弹道航行到命中目标的全过程以及作战效果,能够支撑助飞鱼雷发控算法研究以及作战使用研究。     

液压平衡式发射装置自航发射内弹道模型与仿真

基于装备情况,探讨了潜艇液压平衡式发射装置自航发射鱼雷的可行方案,并建立了后端自流补水的自航发射方式的内弹道模型,进行了计算机仿真。通过试验结果描述鱼雷螺旋桨工作特性,分析了自航发射鱼雷出管速度偏低的原因,并提出改进措施。     

飞航式火箭助飞鱼雷弹道建模及仿真

针对垂直发射飞航式火箭助飞鱼雷,分析其在空中各阶段的受力和运动情况,建立相应的空中弹道模型,并对模型进行了仿真,分析了火箭助飞鱼雷总质量、助推发动机推力、巡航发动机推力变化对飞行时间的影响。仿真结果表明,所建立的模型符合火控弹道模型要求,而且文中所建立的模型简明直观,可用于垂直发射飞航式火箭助飞鱼雷的火控解算。     

水下橡胶弹性发射鱼雷内弹道仿真

针对UUV排水量小的特点,提出了结构简单且适用于UUV的一次性橡胶弹性发射器的基本结构方案。在此基础上,运用橡胶本构模型等理论建立了考虑橡胶自然老化和应力松弛的橡胶弹力计算模型以及鱼雷的水下发射内弹道数学模型,进行了橡胶弹性发射器水下发射鱼雷的发射过程仿真,并对橡胶材料老化和应力松弛对内弹道参数的影响进行了分析。仿真结果表明:使用橡胶弹性发射器水下发射轻型鱼雷在原理上具备可行性。     

线导鱼雷导引弹道的动力学分析

通过线导鱼雷常用导引方法—三点法、前置角法导引弹道的动力学分析 ,推导出不同方法下鱼雷旋回速率的解析表达式 ,并通过数字仿真对鱼雷线导导引弹道动力学特性进行探讨 ,明确了线导鱼雷导引弹道特性与导引方法之间的关系 .     

Reviews

Douglas S. Derrer, We Are All the Target: A Handbook of Terrorism Avoidance and Hostage Survival. Annapolis, MD: US Naval Institute Press, 1992. Pp. x+135, notes, index. $14.95. ISBN 01–55750–150–5

Ian Knight, Zulu: Isandlwana and Rorke's Drift, 22–23 January 1879. London: Windrow & Greene, 1992. Pp.136, 150 illus., incl 8 colour plates, maps, biblio. £35. ISBN 1–872004–23–7

Ian Knight, By the Orders of the Great White Queen: Campaigning in Zululand through the Eyes of the British Soldiers, 1879. London: Greenhill Books and Novato: Presidio Press, 1992. Pp. 272, 17 illus., 1 map. £18.95. ISBN 1–85367–122–3

Manfried Rauchensteiner and Erwin A. Schmidl (eds.), Formen des Krieges: vom Mittelalter zum ‘Low‐intensity’ Conflict’. Graz : Verlag Styria, 1991. Pp.208. DM35. ISBN 3–22–12139–7

Harold J. Kearsley, Maritime Power and the Twenty‐First Century. Dartmouth: Dartmouth Publishing Company, Limited, 1992. Pp.xv + 203, 13 diagrams, index. £32.50. ISBN 1–85521–288–9     

Panjwai: a tale of two COINs in Afghanistan

The US Army has two approaches to counterinsurgency operations in Afghanistan. One is hard, or combat-focused, and the other is soft, or development-focused. This study examines two US Army task forces deployed to Panjwai District, Afghanistan from 2012 to 2013. CTF 4-9 and 1-38 offer a meaningful comparison because they pursued these contrasting approaches among the same population and against the same enemy at the same time and place. The study compares each unit’s approach and finds that neither approach was successful absent the other. The article concludes by recommending further research into combining the approaches at the operational level.     

线性核时频信号表示及其仿真

根据ｃｈｉｒｐ信号在模糊域的特点,本文提出了线性核时频表示方法。这种方法在提高分辨率、消除交叉项以及抑制噪声等方面都具有较高的性能。理论分析和实验结果都证实了这种方法的有效性     

Putin – the masked nemesis of the strategy of ambiguity

Recent events demonstrate the complex and adaptive approach employed by Russia to reassert influence in Europe. The changing face of Russia’s strategy commenced in 2007 when it launched a crippling cyber-attack against Estonia. This was followed by a large Russian conventional attack against Georgia in 2008, occupying two large areas of the nation. 2014 witnessed the Russian annexation of Crimea where in just a week, Russia seized control of Crimea “without firing a shot.” The annexation of Crimea was rapidly followed by a Russian inspired and led subversive war in eastern Ukraine. The common thread among these diverse Russian operations is its use of ambiguity to confound and confuse decision makers in the West.     

Forecasting a Hurricane: Israeli and American Estimations of the Khomeini Revolution

The surprising ‘Arab Spring’ raises the question as to what would enable national intelligence to provide high quality warnings prior to the eruption of popular revolutions. This article uses new sources of evidence to trace and explain Israel's success in comparison to US failure at correctly estimating the course of the Iranian Revolution in 1977–79. In explaining this variance, the article shows that it was mainly the result of the intimate acquaintance of Israel's representatives in Iran with the local language, history and culture, as well as the ability to communicate with locals – tools which the Americans completely lacked.     

关于教师继续教育培训模式的思考

继续教育作为终身教育的重要组成部分和基本形式,对教师的发展成长意义重大。继续教育工作开展十多年来,取得了一定的成绩,但还存在不少问题,如学习动机较为被动,管理认识不到位,教学内容陈旧空泛,教学方法呆板机械等。随着课程改革的不断深入,继续教育必须采取相应的改进措施,树立以人为本,服务至上的观点,教学内容的前瞻性与实用性并重,教学人员进行整合,教学方法灵活多样,评价考核规范科学等,以此激活受训教师内在的学习动机,更大程度地提高继续教育培训的实际效果。     

用DirectShow实现网络视频

目前市场上的网络监控技术一般用昂贵的硬件设备来支撑,投资较大。在深入研究微软的DirectX9.0的基础上,提出如何用DirectShow软件技术和普通的数字摄像头来实现网络视频的监控和实现技术,内容涉及通信协议、视频的编码与解码技术、视频的编码格式和COM组件编程技术等,最终的实验结果令人满意,且费用低廉,技术可靠,为在高速局域网内构建视频监控系统提供有效的技术支持。     

Interpreting the Ribchester Helmet

In 1796 a 13-year-old boy playing on wasteland behind his father’s house in Ribchester, Lancashire discovered an assemblage of over 30 Roman artefacts, including a decorated brass helmet. Although partially corroded the Ribchester helmet is a fine example of a first-century AD cavalry sports helmet. This article considers how the interpretation of the helmet has evolved since its discovery. The multi-faceted iconography of the helmet with its mural crown diadem is that of an elite soldier and is paralleled in other examples of cavalry sports helmets of the Ribchester type. The long-neglected imagery on the helmet bowl is reinterpreted and seen not as a haphazard collection of randomly placed combatants but as a highly structured, symmetrical composition specifically designed to be viewed from different directions.     

Desert insurgency: lessons from the third Tuareg rebellion

This article provides an in-depth examination and analysis of the 2006–2009 Tuareg rebellion in Mali and Niger. It identifies the underlying reasons behind the rebellion, explores contrasting counter-insurgency (COIN) strategies employed by the two governments, and presents some lessons learned. While both COIN approaches ultimately produced similar peace settlements, the article argues that the Malian strategy of reconciliation combined with the selective use of force was far more effective than the Nigerien iron fist approach at limiting the size and scope of the insurgency and producing a more sustainable peace. It concludes by looking at the role of external actors, particularly the United States, and how the failure to internationalize the conflict was actually more beneficial to the local COIN effort, as well as to the longer strategic interests of the United States in the region.