雷达侦察效能对防空兵群抗击效率的影响评估

从信息化条件下防空作战的实际需要出发,描述了搜索雷达与火控雷达的侦察效能对群抗击效率影响的基本特点,运用概率论和防空兵射击指挥理论,建立了防空兵群分散指挥和集中指挥时,搜索与火控雷达发现目标概率对群抗击效率影响的数学模型,结合实例计算分析了选择射击指挥方式时搜索雷达发现目标概率的临界值。     

防空兵群射击指挥方式及其优化问题

从防空兵作战指挥的实际需求出发,利用概率论和防空作战运筹理论,描述了集中、分散、混合和平行等射击指挥方式的概念、特点及其相互关系,论述了射击指挥方式定量分析的基本方法、主要依据和指标,建立了基于群抗击效率的评估模型,在对多种射击指挥方式进行定量比较的基础上,揭示了射击指挥中具有普遍意义的、潜在的实用规则.     

防空兵群动态防空抗击效率评估模型研究

结合未来陆军机动作战实际,研究了集中射击指挥条件下,防空兵群动态防空抗击效率的评估方法。提出了目标可射击概率应依据火力单位射程选用不同模型评估的观点,探讨了火力单位转移、导弹(弹药)储备和群指挥所状态等因素对群抗击效率的影响及其评估模型。在此基础上,指出了所建模型的适用范围和需要进一步解决的问题。     

电子干扰对防空群射击指挥决策的影响分析

描述了电子干扰对防空群射击指挥决策的影响,建立了通信阻塞、假目标和干扰机与防空群抗击率之间的数学关系,给出了几点有益的结论。     

舰空导弹模糊加权射击效能评估模型

为了给舰艇防空作战指挥决策提供依据,根据舰空导弹防空作战的特点,借鉴传统的作战效能评估方法,提出了用模型加权射击效能评估的方法来进行舰空导弹防空作战效能评估,建立了舰空导弹模型加权射击效能评估模型,并通过算例说明了作战效能评估中模糊权重的确定方法.提出的方法和建立的模型可作为构建舰艇防空作战指挥决策模型的基础.     

防空兵群射击指挥能力的模糊综合评价方法

射击指挥是防空兵作战指挥的重要组成部分,防空兵群的射击指挥能力,严重影响着整个防空兵群的作战能力。引入模糊评判模型,在分析评价射击指挥能力的各个指标的基础上,对防空兵群的射击指挥能力作出综合评价。     

一体化联合防空作战指挥效率评估研究

从未来防空作战的实际需求出发,利用概率论、军事运筹理论和一体化联合作战理论,采用定性和定量相结合的方法,分析了一体化联合防空作战指挥的主要特点和效率指标,建立了一体化联合防空体系的作战效率评估模型,以及基于越级指挥、按级指挥和实际指挥方式的作战指挥效率评估模型,用实例说明了作战指挥效率评估方法的应用.     

干扰条件下地空导弹群射击指控效能评估模型

为定量评估地空导弹群射击指挥控制效能,在分析地空导弹指挥控制过程的基础上,运用解析法,首先建立了情报指挥通信干扰条件下目标杀伤概率计算模型,然后分别给出了假目标干扰和复合干扰时杀伤概率的计算方法,最后通过算例分析验证了模型的可行性和有效性,得出了具有实用价值的结论。仿真实验结果表明,指示射击的火力单元数量和指挥方式对射击效果有着显著影响。     

末制导炮弹对典型集群目标射击效率评定模型

末制导炮弹对集群目标射击时可以不用改变射击诸元,提高了炮兵作战效率。以幅员不大的典型集群目标为例,建立了不用改变射击诸元情况下的末制导炮弹对典型集群目标射击效率的评定模型,并应用模型进行实例计算,分析了影响射击效率的影响因素,对射击指挥员实施正确的指挥决策和改进射击方法具有重要的参考价值。     

高炮群射击能力评估

为提高高炮群射击能力,根据高炮群射击能力的影响因素,针对评判高炮群射击能力大小的三项指标:射击密度、射击时间、毁歼概率,构建了射击能力计算的相关模型,并进行了实例计算与分析,为评估高炮群射击能力提供了一种新的思路和方法。该方法较好地解决了在要地防空作战中高炮群射击能力的评估问题。     

Reviews

Douglas S. Derrer, We Are All the Target: A Handbook of Terrorism Avoidance and Hostage Survival. Annapolis, MD: US Naval Institute Press, 1992. Pp. x+135, notes, index. $14.95. ISBN 01–55750–150–5

Ian Knight, Zulu: Isandlwana and Rorke's Drift, 22–23 January 1879. London: Windrow & Greene, 1992. Pp.136, 150 illus., incl 8 colour plates, maps, biblio. £35. ISBN 1–872004–23–7

Ian Knight, By the Orders of the Great White Queen: Campaigning in Zululand through the Eyes of the British Soldiers, 1879. London: Greenhill Books and Novato: Presidio Press, 1992. Pp. 272, 17 illus., 1 map. £18.95. ISBN 1–85367–122–3

Manfried Rauchensteiner and Erwin A. Schmidl (eds.), Formen des Krieges: vom Mittelalter zum ‘Low‐intensity’ Conflict’. Graz : Verlag Styria, 1991. Pp.208. DM35. ISBN 3–22–12139–7

Harold J. Kearsley, Maritime Power and the Twenty‐First Century. Dartmouth: Dartmouth Publishing Company, Limited, 1992. Pp.xv + 203, 13 diagrams, index. £32.50. ISBN 1–85521–288–9     

Panjwai: a tale of two COINs in Afghanistan

The US Army has two approaches to counterinsurgency operations in Afghanistan. One is hard, or combat-focused, and the other is soft, or development-focused. This study examines two US Army task forces deployed to Panjwai District, Afghanistan from 2012 to 2013. CTF 4-9 and 1-38 offer a meaningful comparison because they pursued these contrasting approaches among the same population and against the same enemy at the same time and place. The study compares each unit’s approach and finds that neither approach was successful absent the other. The article concludes by recommending further research into combining the approaches at the operational level.     

线性核时频信号表示及其仿真

根据ｃｈｉｒｐ信号在模糊域的特点,本文提出了线性核时频表示方法。这种方法在提高分辨率、消除交叉项以及抑制噪声等方面都具有较高的性能。理论分析和实验结果都证实了这种方法的有效性     

Forecasting a Hurricane: Israeli and American Estimations of the Khomeini Revolution

The surprising ‘Arab Spring’ raises the question as to what would enable national intelligence to provide high quality warnings prior to the eruption of popular revolutions. This article uses new sources of evidence to trace and explain Israel's success in comparison to US failure at correctly estimating the course of the Iranian Revolution in 1977–79. In explaining this variance, the article shows that it was mainly the result of the intimate acquaintance of Israel's representatives in Iran with the local language, history and culture, as well as the ability to communicate with locals – tools which the Americans completely lacked.     

关于教师继续教育培训模式的思考

继续教育作为终身教育的重要组成部分和基本形式,对教师的发展成长意义重大。继续教育工作开展十多年来,取得了一定的成绩,但还存在不少问题,如学习动机较为被动,管理认识不到位,教学内容陈旧空泛,教学方法呆板机械等。随着课程改革的不断深入,继续教育必须采取相应的改进措施,树立以人为本,服务至上的观点,教学内容的前瞻性与实用性并重,教学人员进行整合,教学方法灵活多样,评价考核规范科学等,以此激活受训教师内在的学习动机,更大程度地提高继续教育培训的实际效果。     

用DirectShow实现网络视频

目前市场上的网络监控技术一般用昂贵的硬件设备来支撑,投资较大。在深入研究微软的DirectX9.0的基础上,提出如何用DirectShow软件技术和普通的数字摄像头来实现网络视频的监控和实现技术,内容涉及通信协议、视频的编码与解码技术、视频的编码格式和COM组件编程技术等,最终的实验结果令人满意,且费用低廉,技术可靠,为在高速局域网内构建视频监控系统提供有效的技术支持。     

Interpreting the Ribchester Helmet

In 1796 a 13-year-old boy playing on wasteland behind his father’s house in Ribchester, Lancashire discovered an assemblage of over 30 Roman artefacts, including a decorated brass helmet. Although partially corroded the Ribchester helmet is a fine example of a first-century AD cavalry sports helmet. This article considers how the interpretation of the helmet has evolved since its discovery. The multi-faceted iconography of the helmet with its mural crown diadem is that of an elite soldier and is paralleled in other examples of cavalry sports helmets of the Ribchester type. The long-neglected imagery on the helmet bowl is reinterpreted and seen not as a haphazard collection of randomly placed combatants but as a highly structured, symmetrical composition specifically designed to be viewed from different directions.     

Putin – the masked nemesis of the strategy of ambiguity

Recent events demonstrate the complex and adaptive approach employed by Russia to reassert influence in Europe. The changing face of Russia’s strategy commenced in 2007 when it launched a crippling cyber-attack against Estonia. This was followed by a large Russian conventional attack against Georgia in 2008, occupying two large areas of the nation. 2014 witnessed the Russian annexation of Crimea where in just a week, Russia seized control of Crimea “without firing a shot.” The annexation of Crimea was rapidly followed by a Russian inspired and led subversive war in eastern Ukraine. The common thread among these diverse Russian operations is its use of ambiguity to confound and confuse decision makers in the West.     

Desert insurgency: lessons from the third Tuareg rebellion

This article provides an in-depth examination and analysis of the 2006–2009 Tuareg rebellion in Mali and Niger. It identifies the underlying reasons behind the rebellion, explores contrasting counter-insurgency (COIN) strategies employed by the two governments, and presents some lessons learned. While both COIN approaches ultimately produced similar peace settlements, the article argues that the Malian strategy of reconciliation combined with the selective use of force was far more effective than the Nigerien iron fist approach at limiting the size and scope of the insurgency and producing a more sustainable peace. It concludes by looking at the role of external actors, particularly the United States, and how the failure to internationalize the conflict was actually more beneficial to the local COIN effort, as well as to the longer strategic interests of the United States in the region.