关于(1,f)-奇——复盖图

设ｆ是定义在图Ｇ的顶点集Ｖ（Ｇ）的顶点集Ｖ（Ｇ）上的一个奇数整函数。图Ｇ的一个（１,ｆ）－奇－因子是Ｇ的一个支搅揶图Ｆ使对任意的Ｘ∈Ｖ（Ｇ）有ｄｐ（ｘ）∈∪「１,３,ｆ（ｘ）」。图Ｇ是一个（１,ｆ）－奇－复盖图是对Ｇ的任一边ｅ,Ｇ都有一个（ｆ）－奇－因子含ｅ。本文给出Ｇ是（１,ｆ）－奇－复盖图的一个充要条件。     

关于图的(g,f)-因子分解的一些结论和进展

设Ｇ是一个有限无向简单图,ｇ和ｆ是定义在图Ｇ的顶点集Ｖ（Ｇ）上的两上整数值函数,且ｇ≤ｆ。图Ｇ的一个（ｇ,ｆ）－因子是Ｇ的一个支撑子图Ｆ使对任意的Ｘ∈Ｖ（Ｆ）有ｇ（ｘ）≤ｄＦ（ｘ）≤ｆ（ｘ）。若图Ｇ的边集能划分为ｍ个边不交的（ｇ,ｆ）－因子Ｆ１,…,Ｆｍ,则称＾－Ｆ＝｛Ｆ１,…,Ｆｍ｝是Ｇ的一个（ｇ,ｆ）－因子分解。设Ｈ是Ｇ的ｍ条件的子图＾－Ｆ的Ｇ是一个（ｇｆ）－因子分解,若对每个１≤ｉ≤ｍ都有│     

一类平面系统极限环的存在唯一性

讨论了平面系统ｘ＝－６＋δｘ＋ψ（ｘ）「ａ＋ｂｈ（ｘ）」,ｙ＝ｘ＾２ｎ０－１（ｎ∈Ｎ）的极限环存在性,唯一性与不存在性。     

泛函微分方程x’（t）＝a（t）f（x（μ（x（t））））的解的性态

本文研究偏差变元依赖状态自身的泛函微分方程ｘ’（ｔ）＝ａ（ｔ）ｆ（ｘ（μ（ｘ（ｔ））））（１）的解的渐近性态。进一步推广或部分推广Ｄｕｎｋｅｌ［１］、Ｅｄｅｒ［２］、Ｗａｎｇ［３］、吴汉忠［４．５］及作者［６～８］等人的工作。文中使用了一些新方法,也得到了一些新结果。     

拟共形映照和 Hölder 连续性

设 f 是 R" 中的域 D 到有界的 M-QED 域上的 K-拟共形映照,0<α≤(KM)^1/1-n在本文中作者证明了f∈Lip_α(?D)的充要条件是 f∈ Lip_α(D)。     

D2-C84 的手征同素异形体

本文指出Ｄ２－Ｃ８４具有手征特性,这个结论可以很好地解释为什么实验上获得的Ｄ２－和Ｄ２ｄ－Ｃ８４的产量之比为２：１．我们以Ｃ８４为例就福勒烯（ｆｕｌｌｅｆｅｎｅ）的同素异形体（ｉｓｏｍｅｒ）的结构、对称性及稳定性进行了定性的讨论。     

平坦同态下模的内射维数

Ａｆ→Ｂ,ｆ是平坦同态,Ｍ是Ａ－模,本文给出了ｉｄＡＭ与ｉｄＢ（ＭＡＢ）的不等式关系。     

求极限的常用方法及常见错误分析

“极限”概念是高等数学的基本概念,极限的方法是研究变量的一种基本方法,同时它是高等数学研究问题的根本方法,是学习微积分的基础,因此必须予以重视。本文通过例题分析归纳出几种常用的求极限方法及常见错误,以供教学参考。 一、求极限的常用方法 １ 直接用定义证明极限 例１ 证明ｌｉｍＸ２＝４ 分析：因ｆ（ｘ）－４＝ｘ２－４＝ｘ＋２ｘ－２,由于讨论当ｘ→２时,函数的极限,故只需考虑ｘ在２邻近的情况。不妨设０＜Ｘ—２＜１,即 １＜Ｘ＜３,且ｘ≠２,可估出Ｘ＋２＜５。对于任给正数ε,为使ｘ２－４＝ｘ＋２ｘ－２＜５ｘ…     

一类新的正交变换——离散混合变换及其在卷积计算中的应用

本文首先定义了一种新的正交变换－离散混合变换（ＤＭＴ）及其逆变换（ＩＤＭＴ）,然后给出了ＤＭＴ的一种基－２快速递推算法,并进一步讨论了用ＤＭＴ来快速计算卷积的方法,常用的离散付里叶变换（ＤＦＴ）,离散Ｈａｒｔｌｅｙ变换（ＤＨＴ）均可视为ＤＭＴ的特殊情形。     

GC-MS检定刺激剂CN,CS和CR

用台式毛细管气相色谱－质谱法（ＧＣ－ＭＳ）对常见的刺激剂苯氯乙酮（ＣＮ）,邻氯苯亚甲基丙二腈（ＣＳ）和二苯并〔ｂ,ｆ〕－１,４－氧杂吖庚因（ＣＲ）的电子聂击电离（ＥＩ）质谱行为进行了研究。在测量条件下,上述刺激剂都有明显的分子离子峰,只用ＥＩ质谱数据就能分析和鉴定这些刺激剂。     

Putin – the masked nemesis of the strategy of ambiguity

Recent events demonstrate the complex and adaptive approach employed by Russia to reassert influence in Europe. The changing face of Russia’s strategy commenced in 2007 when it launched a crippling cyber-attack against Estonia. This was followed by a large Russian conventional attack against Georgia in 2008, occupying two large areas of the nation. 2014 witnessed the Russian annexation of Crimea where in just a week, Russia seized control of Crimea “without firing a shot.” The annexation of Crimea was rapidly followed by a Russian inspired and led subversive war in eastern Ukraine. The common thread among these diverse Russian operations is its use of ambiguity to confound and confuse decision makers in the West.     

India's counter-insurgency experience: the ‘trust and nurture’ strategy

The Indian Army, a force trained primarily for conventional warfare, has been engaged in internal counter-insurgency operations since the 1950s. Despite such a long innings on a counter-insurgency mode, little attention has been accorded within military circles to doctrinal innovation for waging sub-conventional warfare in India's democratic political context. At best, the Army continues to view counter-insurgency duty as secondary to its primary duty of defending India from external conventional threats. By conceptualizing a counter-insurgency strategy of ‘trust and nurture’, this article aims to fill this critical doctrinal gap in India's military policy. The author argues that a counter-insurgency strategy of ‘trust and nurture’ based on democratic political culture, measured military methods, special counter-insurgency forces, local social and cultural awareness and an integrative nation-building approach will result in positive handling of India's internal security problems. The author utilizes India's counter-insurgency experiences in Assam, Mizoram, Nagaland, Punjab, and Operation ‘Sadhbhavana’ in Jammu and Kashmir as illustrative empirical indicants in order to validate the ‘trust and nurture’ strategy.     

An Unlikely Alliance: Portuguese and South African Airpower in Angola, 1968–1974

The war that Portugal was obliged to fight in Africa began in 1961 and immediately stretched the resources of its armed forces. Nowhere was this thinness more apparent than in policing the vast territory of Angola. The east and southeast of Angola were particularly vulnerable, as the area was a vast, sparsely populated region characterised by enormous featureless plains or chanas covered in tall grass and broken by an extensive river system and mountainous forests. The only military solution to policing these immense spaces was aviation and specifically the helicopter that could carry troops into battle, protect them with a gunship and bring them home when the operation was concluded. The immediate problem for the Portuguese Air Force (Força Aérea Portuguesa or FAP) in Angola and elsewhere was a scarcity of helicopters. The solution was an alliance with South Africa, which had a strong inventory of Alouette IIIs, to help in policing the east. This move was likewise in the interest of South Africa, as its threat came from Zambia through south-eastern Angola. This article examines the strategic and tactical development of this unusual, cross-cultural alliance and the symbiotic relationship that resulted in destruction of the enemies of both in Angola.     

国内外结构钢焊条研究的现状与发展

本文主要介绍了国外焊条的现状和发展趋势,包括焊条的高韧性、高效率、低尘低毒和耐吸潮性能,为国内的焊条研究提供了参考依据。     

A Sign of Victory?: ‘Scottish Swords’ and Other Weapons in the Possession of the ‘Auld Innemie’

Many late medieval documents, notably inventories of arms and armour, of Englishmen contain references to ‘Scottish swords’ and other weapons. What did the compilers of these documents mean when they described a weapon as ‘Scottish’? How did such weapons come to be in the possession of these men? This article will attempt to explain this phenomenon drawing on primary documentary sources and surviving material culture from Glasgow Museums’ collections and others, as well as artworks from the period.     

Helping hands: civil–military cooperation and Italy's military operation abroad

In the Post-Bipolar Era the growing complexity of the military operations requires a new approach for the resolution of international crises. Since the end of the Cold War, peace support operations (PSO) have become the mainstay and principal occupation of most Western armies. At the same time, Italy has been one of the most important actors in such an area. The article focuses on the cooperation between military and civil components (a process called CIMIC) as a key variable in the Italian PSOs. We will analyse in detail the main lessons learned from past military interventions as well as the general context in which new tendencies are taking place. The maintaining of a minimum security frame becomes essential to fulfil activities ‘collateral’ to the mission: reconstructing services and infrastructure, food distribution, water and medication, law and order, de-mining, training of local forces, and supporting local institutions. These are the main tasks to obtain thrust and support from the population.     

Terrorism,insurgency, kidnapping,and security in Africa's energy sector

Energy continues to serve as the bedrock of modern economies and the main driver of modern society. For Africa, the production and supply of energy resources such as crude oil, natural gas, uranium, coal, biomass, biofuels and other renewables are an important source of employment, rents, taxes, royalties and profits. This sector brings in several tens of billions of dollars of revenue annually. The production and delivery of such resources, however, depend on critical infrastructures such as pipelines, refineries, processing plants, terminals, rigs, electrical energy pylons, substations, pump stations, vessels, and tankers. These infrastructures have been attacked by terrorists, insurgents, vandals and saboteurs, all of whom see them as targets against which to register their grievances and extract concessions from the state. This paper is a chronological account of some of the documented incidents of terrorism, insurgency, kidnapping, destruction, sabotage, and human casualties suffered in the oil and gas sectors in Africa between 1999 and 2012. It is based on data extracted from the databases of the RAND Database of World Terrorism Incidents and the University of Maryland's Global Terrorism Database (GTD).     

Cyberpower in Strategic Affairs: Neither Unthinkable nor Blessed

Abstract

This article explores the effect of connectivity on strategic affairs. It argues that the effect on war's character is potentially, although not yet shown in practice, considerably large. Its effect upon the distribution of power among states in the international system is small, contrary to the claims of ‘cyberwar’ alarmists. All told, however, its effect upon strategic affairs is complex. On the one hand, it represents a significant advance in the ‘complexification’ of state strategies, understood in the sense of the production of intended effects. On the other hand, strategists today – still predominantly concerned with the conflicts and confrontations of states and organised military power – are generally missing the power which non-traditional strategic actors, better adapted to the network flows of the information age, are beginning to deploy. These new forms of organization and coercion will challenge the status quo.