基于层次化的机载红外搜索跟踪系统仿真

从机载红外搜索跟踪系统(IRST)的组成原理和功能分析出发,采用层次化构架体系建立了机载红外搜索跟踪系统的功能仿真模型。在此模型中,提出了在信息源联网条件下状态优化的方法,研究了机载红外搜索跟踪系统的状态推进模块。使用"网格法"分析了机载红外搜索跟踪系统扫描模拟模块。通过对最小可检测辐射强度的求解,分析了机载红外搜索跟踪系统的目标探测模块。基于上述模型进行了仿真研究,仿真结果表明了该模型的合理性和有效性。     

基于GEO SAR辐射的星机协同融合探测系统

为提高机载平台对隐身目标的探测能力,提出一种基于地球同步轨道合成孔径雷达(GEO SAR)辐射、多个机载平台接收的多基雷达协同探测系统,该系统具有覆盖范围广、机载射频隐身、生存能力强等优势.分析了星机协同的作战优势,可获取目标RCS空间闪烁增益、双基RCS增益以及融合增益.分析了星机双基协同探测威力与多基融合探测威力,可提高隐身目标探测距离.通过仿真实验验证了分析的有效性.     

机载预警雷达作用距离对探测效能的影响

机载预警雷达探测效能的高低受雷达作用距离和发现概率的影响,在概率分析基础上提出了一种机载预警雷达探测效能评估方法,通过发现概率的概率密度函数求得探测效能的概率分布函数,从而建立了雷达作用距离、发现概率与探测效能之间映射关系,将作用距离的远近量化为探测效能的高低,并以E-2C和E-3B预警机预警雷达为例进行分析计算,验证方法的有效性。     

国外舰载红外搜索跟踪系统

红外搜索跟踪(IRST)系统利用低空来袭目标机体散热或发动机尾气等红外特征,来探测跟踪目标的一种被动式全景探测系统。IRST系统有扫描型和凝视型两种型号。前者可在一定范围内进行扫描,用于目标搜索;后者采用无需光机扫描、能覆盖整个视场的二维红外探测器阵列,对目标进行仔细观察和识别。舰载IRST系统具有如下特点:     

基于双波段红外辐射信息的红外机动目标跟踪算法

利用双波段IRST系统测到的目标双波段红外辐射信息,推导出目标的伪距离量测信息,使得单站IRST系统变为可观测系统;在此基础上,构建了伪量测方程,采用改进的"当前"统计模型和基于最小偏度单形采样策略的UKF算法,提出了一种基于双波段红外辐射信息的IRST机动目标跟踪算法。理论分析与仿真结果表明,该算法能够有效地跟踪机动目标,具有良好的实际应用价值。     

探测临近空间高声速目标的飞艇组网方法研究北大核心

为了提高对临近空间高声速目标的探测能力,探讨了一种飞艇红外组网探测系统的设计方法。提出了基于性能和基于效益的2种组网部署原则,设计了飞艇红外探测系统的组网量化指标,建立了飞艇组网系统部署模型,在此基础上设计了基于遗传算法的组网优化算法。仿真结果表明,该方法能够实现满足多种性能指标要求的飞艇红外组网探测系统的优化部署,为临近空间高超声速目标的探测提供了新的思路。     

探测临近空间高声速目标的飞艇组网方法研究

为了提高对临近空间高声速目标的探测能力,探讨了一种飞艇红外组网探测系统的设计方法。提出了基于性能和基于效益的2种组网部署原则,设计了飞艇红外探测系统的组网量化指标,建立了飞艇组网系统部署模型,在此基础上设计了基于遗传算法的组网优化算法。仿真结果表明,该方法能够实现满足多种性能指标要求的飞艇红外组网探测系统的优化部署,为临近空间高超声速目标的探测提供了新的思路。     

红外探测系统对某型隐身飞机的作用距离分析

为了估算红外探测系统对某型隐身飞机的作用距离,首先构建该型飞机的简化模型,计算了飞机蒙皮、发动机尾喷口和尾焰等主要红外辐射源的中波红外辐射,然后在考虑辐射的大气衰减的基础上,推导出红外系统对点源目标的作用距离方程,并通过逐步逼近法求解该方程,最后通过算例求出不同气象条件、不同探测方向下的作用距离并对其进行分析。结果表明:红外探测系统探测隐身飞机时,能见度越高,其探测距离越远,并在尾追方向的探测距离大于迎头方向。     

气动光学效应内涵及其对成像探测的影响机理北大核心

带有红外成像探测系统的飞行器在大气层内高速飞行时,光学头罩与大气层之间发生剧烈的相互作用,产生气动光学效应。该效应将引起像偏移、像模糊、像抖动,使得红外成像探测系统对目标的成像探测威力下降、探测精度降低。研究了高速动平台下气动光学效应的内涵及其对红外成像探测系统探测威力、探测精度的影响机理,对典型飞行状态下产生的气动光学效应进行了数学仿真计算,得到了仿真计算结果,并对仿真结果进行了分析。     

红外警戒系统的技术方法研究

对于低空、超低空飞行的威胁目标（导弹、飞机）,红外警戒系统是一种有效的、发展迅速的近程防御与对抗武器装备。针对红外警戒系统的主要技术,提出了系统的战术技术要求;分析了信号处理对系统作用距离的影响;给出了一种红外点目标信号预处理方法和红外目标点迹处理方法,以及虚警时间、虚警概率、探测概率的关系;探讨了双波段数据融合技术并简述了系统的研制现状及发展趋势。     

Reviews

Douglas S. Derrer, We Are All the Target: A Handbook of Terrorism Avoidance and Hostage Survival. Annapolis, MD: US Naval Institute Press, 1992. Pp. x+135, notes, index. $14.95. ISBN 01–55750–150–5

Ian Knight, Zulu: Isandlwana and Rorke's Drift, 22–23 January 1879. London: Windrow & Greene, 1992. Pp.136, 150 illus., incl 8 colour plates, maps, biblio. £35. ISBN 1–872004–23–7

Ian Knight, By the Orders of the Great White Queen: Campaigning in Zululand through the Eyes of the British Soldiers, 1879. London: Greenhill Books and Novato: Presidio Press, 1992. Pp. 272, 17 illus., 1 map. £18.95. ISBN 1–85367–122–3

Manfried Rauchensteiner and Erwin A. Schmidl (eds.), Formen des Krieges: vom Mittelalter zum ‘Low‐intensity’ Conflict’. Graz : Verlag Styria, 1991. Pp.208. DM35. ISBN 3–22–12139–7

Harold J. Kearsley, Maritime Power and the Twenty‐First Century. Dartmouth: Dartmouth Publishing Company, Limited, 1992. Pp.xv + 203, 13 diagrams, index. £32.50. ISBN 1–85521–288–9     

Panjwai: a tale of two COINs in Afghanistan

The US Army has two approaches to counterinsurgency operations in Afghanistan. One is hard, or combat-focused, and the other is soft, or development-focused. This study examines two US Army task forces deployed to Panjwai District, Afghanistan from 2012 to 2013. CTF 4-9 and 1-38 offer a meaningful comparison because they pursued these contrasting approaches among the same population and against the same enemy at the same time and place. The study compares each unit’s approach and finds that neither approach was successful absent the other. The article concludes by recommending further research into combining the approaches at the operational level.     

线性核时频信号表示及其仿真

根据ｃｈｉｒｐ信号在模糊域的特点,本文提出了线性核时频表示方法。这种方法在提高分辨率、消除交叉项以及抑制噪声等方面都具有较高的性能。理论分析和实验结果都证实了这种方法的有效性     

Forecasting a Hurricane: Israeli and American Estimations of the Khomeini Revolution

The surprising ‘Arab Spring’ raises the question as to what would enable national intelligence to provide high quality warnings prior to the eruption of popular revolutions. This article uses new sources of evidence to trace and explain Israel's success in comparison to US failure at correctly estimating the course of the Iranian Revolution in 1977–79. In explaining this variance, the article shows that it was mainly the result of the intimate acquaintance of Israel's representatives in Iran with the local language, history and culture, as well as the ability to communicate with locals – tools which the Americans completely lacked.     

关于教师继续教育培训模式的思考

继续教育作为终身教育的重要组成部分和基本形式,对教师的发展成长意义重大。继续教育工作开展十多年来,取得了一定的成绩,但还存在不少问题,如学习动机较为被动,管理认识不到位,教学内容陈旧空泛,教学方法呆板机械等。随着课程改革的不断深入,继续教育必须采取相应的改进措施,树立以人为本,服务至上的观点,教学内容的前瞻性与实用性并重,教学人员进行整合,教学方法灵活多样,评价考核规范科学等,以此激活受训教师内在的学习动机,更大程度地提高继续教育培训的实际效果。     

用DirectShow实现网络视频

目前市场上的网络监控技术一般用昂贵的硬件设备来支撑,投资较大。在深入研究微软的DirectX9.0的基础上,提出如何用DirectShow软件技术和普通的数字摄像头来实现网络视频的监控和实现技术,内容涉及通信协议、视频的编码与解码技术、视频的编码格式和COM组件编程技术等,最终的实验结果令人满意,且费用低廉,技术可靠,为在高速局域网内构建视频监控系统提供有效的技术支持。     

Interpreting the Ribchester Helmet

In 1796 a 13-year-old boy playing on wasteland behind his father’s house in Ribchester, Lancashire discovered an assemblage of over 30 Roman artefacts, including a decorated brass helmet. Although partially corroded the Ribchester helmet is a fine example of a first-century AD cavalry sports helmet. This article considers how the interpretation of the helmet has evolved since its discovery. The multi-faceted iconography of the helmet with its mural crown diadem is that of an elite soldier and is paralleled in other examples of cavalry sports helmets of the Ribchester type. The long-neglected imagery on the helmet bowl is reinterpreted and seen not as a haphazard collection of randomly placed combatants but as a highly structured, symmetrical composition specifically designed to be viewed from different directions.     

Putin – the masked nemesis of the strategy of ambiguity

Recent events demonstrate the complex and adaptive approach employed by Russia to reassert influence in Europe. The changing face of Russia’s strategy commenced in 2007 when it launched a crippling cyber-attack against Estonia. This was followed by a large Russian conventional attack against Georgia in 2008, occupying two large areas of the nation. 2014 witnessed the Russian annexation of Crimea where in just a week, Russia seized control of Crimea “without firing a shot.” The annexation of Crimea was rapidly followed by a Russian inspired and led subversive war in eastern Ukraine. The common thread among these diverse Russian operations is its use of ambiguity to confound and confuse decision makers in the West.     

Desert insurgency: lessons from the third Tuareg rebellion

This article provides an in-depth examination and analysis of the 2006–2009 Tuareg rebellion in Mali and Niger. It identifies the underlying reasons behind the rebellion, explores contrasting counter-insurgency (COIN) strategies employed by the two governments, and presents some lessons learned. While both COIN approaches ultimately produced similar peace settlements, the article argues that the Malian strategy of reconciliation combined with the selective use of force was far more effective than the Nigerien iron fist approach at limiting the size and scope of the insurgency and producing a more sustainable peace. It concludes by looking at the role of external actors, particularly the United States, and how the failure to internationalize the conflict was actually more beneficial to the local COIN effort, as well as to the longer strategic interests of the United States in the region.