Optimal reject allowance with constant marginal production efficiency

A job shop must fulfill an order for N good items. Production is conducted in “lots,” and the number of good items in a lot can be accurately determined only after production of that lot is completed. If the number of good items falls short of the outstanding order, the shop must produce further lots, as necessary. Processes with “constant marginal production efficiency” are investigated. The revealed structure allows efficient exact computation of optimal policy. The resulting minimal cost exhibits a consistent (but not universal) pattern whereby higher quality of production is advantageous even at proportionately higher marginal cost.     

飞行器等离子体隐身技术

结合目前国际上飞行器隐身技术的发展状况,对等离子体隐身技术及其特点作了介绍,并对其在飞机隐身领域的应用及前景进行了分析。分析发现等离子体隐身技术较其他类型的隐身技术最大的优点是不影响飞机的机动性能,且费用低廉,具有很高的应用价值。     

应用于飞行器隐身等离子体的分析

根据雷达波隐身对等离子体电子数密度的要求 ,分析计算说明了热平衡与非热平衡等离子体以及冷等离子体可应用于飞行器的隐身。通过对等离子体不同产生方法、临界电子数密度的分析以及气体击穿电场强度的计算 ,归结出了不同等离子体的特点 ,并进而说明用稳态电源以及微波源产生的等离子体适合应用于飞行器隐身     

无人飞行器静稳定性问题的研究

从飞行器静稳定性的定义出发,介绍了3种不同的静稳定性,即纵向静稳定性、横向静稳定性和航向静稳定性。分别讨论了3种静稳定性的判据,进一步分析了影响静稳定性的部件和因素,说明了采用放宽静稳定性对无人飞行器产生的影响。     

虚拟座舱设备碰撞检测算法实现技术研究

在虚拟现实技术中,人与虚拟空间物体的碰撞检测是非常重要的研究课题之一.在简要地介绍了某大型运输机空中加油虚拟仿真训练系统的基本结构和实现原理之后,给出了手的初始数据模型、坐标变换算法以及手的运动方向的定义.在此基础之上,给出了虚拟空间中手与机舱内的主要可操纵设备进行交互碰撞检测的主要算法.     

航母编队特点及对策研究

为了打赢未来可能发生的高技术局部战争,必须深入研究航母编队特点,积极探索能有效克制航母编队的战法。从航母编队的作战编成、攻防体系和队形以及C3I系统的结构及功能等方面分析了航母编队的特点,重点研究了航母编队C3I系统的特点。针对其特点,提出了几点抗击航母编队的对策。     

Allocation of carrier-based attack aircraft using non-linear programming

The paper presents the formulation and several solutions of a model for allocating a fixed number of aircraft to carriers and to missions. The amount of damage that can be inflicted is maximized. A nonseparable concave nonlinear objective function expresses diminishing marginal damage. Linear constraints on aireraft, carrier space, and aircraft availability for missions are included. The model is solved using the sequential unconstrained minimization technique (SUMT). The model is presented in terms of a scenario. Several different exponential damage functions are treated, and S-shaped damage functions are discussed.     

A cost-benefit analysis of military aircraft replacement policies

This paper describes a method of solving aircraft service life problems. The particular application concerns aircraft in the Naval Advanced Jet Training Command. The method of solution is comparative present value analysis of alternative replacement policies. The likely risks of estimation errors are reflected in the comparisons of present values. Differences are noted in the benefits associated with each policy, but external to Naval Aviation. Since the values of these benefits can be determined only at a higher level of decision-making, the result of the study is not a conclusive selection among policies, but a schedule of present values on the basis of which, together with values of the external benefits, a decision can be reached. This paper discusses replacement policies for aircraft used in the Naval Advanced Jet Pilot Training mission. Taking engineering technology and the training syllabus as given, four feasible plans for introducing replacement aircraft into service are evaluated in terms of the present values of differential costs associated with the plans and in terms of the likely errors in cost estimates used in calculation of the present values. The trade-off between present value of costs and planning flexibility is emphasized in choosing a recommended time pattern of aircraft replacement. The specific aircraft mixes considered are the TF–9J/TAF–9J and the TA–4F/A–4B. The first is the currently employed mix; the second is the proposed replacement. The problem is to select an optimal time-pattern of replacement of F–9's by A–4's, given technological differences favoring the A–4 and increasing costs of maintaining squadrons of F–9's. Replacements by aircraft types other than the A–4 are considered impractical. Four feasible plans for introducing A–4's through a 5-year period are evaluated in terms of current best estimates of the related costs of the plans and in terms of the flexibility of modifying each plan given future better information concerning the relevant costs. The method of analysis is comparative present value of expected costs.     

考虑资源共享的维修过程建模及资源配置研究

为研究维修机构资源的优化配置问题,分析了装备维修过程中的多维修小组共享关键资源进行并行维修的特点,采用Petri网技术建立了考虑多维修小组共享检测设备的维修过程模型。应用模型对系统特性进行了定性和定量分析,评价了不同资源配置情况下的维修保障效果。     

A comparison of usage data among types of aircraft

It has long been an accepted proposition that base level usage df technical repair items for aircraft is related to program elements. The program element most often cited in this connection is flying hours. Evidence of this relationship on a line item basis, however, has been sparse. This study suggests that although the supposed relation is intuitively plausible, for most line items it cannot be effectively utilized in projecting base level requirements. The basis of this conclusion is an analysis of demand characteristics for technical repair items for a variety of naval aircraft.     

Minimizing reductions in readiness caused by time-phased decreases in aircraft overhaul and repair activities

The Navy is often required to conduct personnel planning studies, A recent study on the assessment of effects of personnel reductions at the various aircraft Overhaul and Repair Activities (O & Rs) of the Bureau of Naval Weapons was carried out by one of the writers of the present paper. The methodology was systematic but relied on informal, judgmental decision procedures rather than on formal models incorporating optimization. Later study of the problem resulted in the approach described herein. The paper addresses this question: How can a personnel reduction in the Navy's aircraft O & Rs be distributed among activities with minimum reduction in readiness? A two-stage procedure involving linear programming models is developed. Solutions involve either extensions of aircraft overhaul cycles or a combination of such extensions with reductions in aircraft inventories.     

对预警机跟踪系统的干扰效果分析

预警机在现代战争中发挥着重要作用,为了分析对预警机雷达跟踪系统的干扰效果,研究了预警机雷达的跟踪系统;建立了干扰条件下的跟踪系统模型,并对模型进行了仿真,得到了信干比与跟踪误差的定量关系.结果表明:随着信干比的降低,预警机的跟踪误差变大,不能对目标进行稳定跟踪.仿真结果为干扰效能分析和战术运用提供了依据.     

基于反馈线性化的飞行器姿态运动的变结构控制方法研究

利用反馈线性化方法对飞行器姿态运动的非线性耦合进行了解耦,并对得到的线性化系统进行了变结构姿态控制系统设计,该控制系统具有优良的控制品质和鲁棒性。数字仿真结果进一步证实该方法的有效性。     

Relationships among potential sorties,ground support,and aircraft reliability

A methodology is developed for assessing tactical airfield/aircraft system effectiveness, and for evaluating effectiveness changes resulting from incremental investments in ground support resources and/or aircraft reliability. Two categories of ground support functions–turnaround and maintenance–are distinguished. The measure of effectiveness is the maximum potential sortie rate achievable by the system. The methodology enables empirical derivation of the general equation of the tactical airfield/aircraft system. It also enables graphical presentation of the system tradeoffs in the form of a System Analysis Chart.     

Heuristics for multicomponent joint replacement: Applications to aircraft engine maintenance

This paper considers the maintenance of aircraft engine components where economies exist for joint replacement because (a) the aircraft must be pulled from service for maintenance and (b) repair of some components requires removal and disassembly of the engine. It is well known that the joint replacement problem is difficult to solve exactly, because the optimal solution does not have a simple structured form. Therefore, we formulate three easy-to-implement heuristics and test their performance against a lower bound for various numerical examples. One of our heuristics, the base interval approach, in which replacement cycles for all components are restricted to be multiples of a specified interval, is shown to be robustly accurate. Moreover, this heuristic is consistent with maintenance policies used by commercial airlines in which periodic maintenance checks are made at regular intervals. © 1998 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. Naval Research Logistics 45: 435–458, 1998     

Resource allocation for transportation

A linear programming formulation is described that will permit the optimal assignment of transportation resources (vehicles) and movement requirements to a network consisting of a set of designated origins, ports of embarkation, enroute bases, ports of debarkation, and destinations to achieve a prescribed schedule of arrivals.