Al/H2O2作为无人水下航行器动力电池的研究

概述了Al/H2O2半燃料电池的原理及在水下无人航行器动力电源中的运用,系统分析了国内外在电极材料(包括阳极和阴极材料)、电解液和电解液补充优化系统几个方面的发展,提出了国内在这方面研究的重点技术和可能的解决途径.     

粒子滤波算法的关键技术应用

针对基于贝叶斯原理的序贯蒙特卡罗粒子滤波器出现退化现象的原因,以无敏粒子滤波(UPF)、辅助粒子滤波(ASIR)及采样重要再采样(SIR)等改进的粒子滤波算法为例,对消除该缺陷的关键技术(优化重要密度函数及再采样)进行了分析研究.说明通过提高重要密度函数的似然度、引进当前测量值、预增和复制大权值粒子等方式,可以有效改善算法性能.最后通过对一无源探测定位问题进行仿真,验证了运用该关键技术后,算法的收敛精度和鲁棒性得到进一步增强.     

利用零交叉点测量旋转弹磁方位角的试验方法

针对旋转弹在地磁空间运动时的环境条件,提出了基于零交叉点原理测量弹体磁方位角的模拟试验方法,并在不同的方位角、传感器倾角和转速等条件下进行了试验.试验结果表明,零交叉点原理可以实现弹体在地磁场中的角度测量,精度基本控制在±3°的范围内,并可进一步减小误差,但该原理也存在测量盲区,盲区范围与传感器倾角有关.     

带有氧化钨涂层的ITO平面电极在LB系列电解液中的阻抗分析

电致变色实验显示1 mol/L六氟磷酸锂与碳酸乙烯酯、碳酸二甲酯、碳酸二乙酯和碳酸甲乙酯所混合形成的电解液(LB)系列是一类非常节能的电致变色电解液,它们能用很小的充电电流(20μA/cm2)使得氧化钨薄膜获得更长久、更好的变色性.研究氧化钨薄膜在LB系列电解液中的交流阻抗特性,有助于更好地理解氧化钨薄膜的变色性能.文中研究了带有氧化钨薄膜层的ITO平面电极处于LB系列电解液中的阻抗谱,分别得出了氧化钨薄膜和ITO电极的等效电路;测算出氧化薄膜的常相位角元件、薄膜电阻、韦伯电阻以及与ITO电极有关的电双层电容和电极电荷转移电阻.证实了LB315是性能优良的电解液.     

ITO及WO3在电解液中的交流阻抗特性

采用表面过程法拉第阻纳表达式方法与等效电路方法,研究透明ITO平面电极及带WO3薄膜层的ITO平面电极处于1 mol LiClO4丙烯碳酸酯电解液中的电化学阻抗谱.分析显示WO3薄膜层有效地阻止了表面吸附参量对ITO电极反应的影响,使电极反应仅受电极电位的影响,并且随WO3薄膜在电解液中浸泡时间的增加,WO3薄膜的常相位角元件的特性最终回归为电容效应.     

线阵CCD在机械微变距离测量中的应用

介绍了一种应用线阵CCD测量柴油机曲轴臂距差的原理和方法 .讨论了光杠杆原理在此测量系统中的应用 ,并结合实际分析了系统产生非线性误差的原因 ,给出了此测量系统非线性的处理方法 .     

GJB/Z 135-2002《引信工程设计手册》主要技术内容分析(六)

第12章其他装置设计本章的主要技术内容包括装定装置、自毁装置、延期装置、防雨装置的具体设计。1.装定装置(1)功能。包括选择和调整时间引信(机械或电子)的作用方式,作用时间和技术参数等。(2)分类。包括机械装置和电子装定装置。(3)应用特点。包括机械装定装置、电子装定装置、遥控装定装置和炮口感应装置的具体应用。(4)基本要求。包括装定精度高、装定速度快、装定可靠性高、维护性好、操作简单等。(5)装定扳手。包括装定扳手的应用特点及外形图。(6)机械时间引信装定机构。包括设计指南、结构设计等。给出了装定帽式装定机构、装定扳…     

大型铅蓄电池综合参数测试装置〈比重测量部分〉

一、概述大型铅蓄电池的电压、电解液比重、温度和液面高度是关系到电池正确使用的重要参数。以往一直用玻璃浮计、温度表、电压表及量尺进行测量,不仅测量方式落后,而且劳动强度大、工作条件差、测量精度难以保证。上述四个参数中,温度和液面的测量有多种结构可供借鉴,唯独比重测量比较困难,因为电解液有很大的腐蚀性,液体混浊,温度变化大,杂质含量较高,又要求测量装置有较高的测量精度和较小的体积。国内有利用光学性质制成的测量装置,由于其动态特性、互换性以及长期使用的可靠性等     

独立射击方式下目标速度求解

独立射击方式下,一般假设目标作匀速直线飞行,根据火炮角度传感器测量的高低角和方位角以及事先装定的开火距离,确定其射击诸元。对测量参数的计算公式进行研究,推导出开火时目标的速度公式。研究结果表明,这种计算目标速度的方法具有原理误差小,抗噪声能力较强的特点,有一定的实用价值。     

高精度宽量程微推力微冲量测量方法及系统

<正>高精度宽量程微推力微冲量测量方法及系统研究围绕如何实现高精度宽量程的微推力微冲量测量,在测量原理、测量方法、系统设计、工程实现等方面取得了一系列突破性研究成果。2014年度获军队科技进步二等奖。主要内容:1微推力测量模型研究。针对典型微推力器推力输出特性,研究了微推力的测量原理模型。2脉冲冲量测量模型研究。针对脉冲冲量的特殊性,研究了微冲量的测量原理模型。3推力测量系统设计及实现。在保证测量精度的前提下研究了宽量程的测量方法,并进行推力测量系统方案     

Putin – the masked nemesis of the strategy of ambiguity

Recent events demonstrate the complex and adaptive approach employed by Russia to reassert influence in Europe. The changing face of Russia’s strategy commenced in 2007 when it launched a crippling cyber-attack against Estonia. This was followed by a large Russian conventional attack against Georgia in 2008, occupying two large areas of the nation. 2014 witnessed the Russian annexation of Crimea where in just a week, Russia seized control of Crimea “without firing a shot.” The annexation of Crimea was rapidly followed by a Russian inspired and led subversive war in eastern Ukraine. The common thread among these diverse Russian operations is its use of ambiguity to confound and confuse decision makers in the West.     

India's counter-insurgency experience: the ‘trust and nurture’ strategy

The Indian Army, a force trained primarily for conventional warfare, has been engaged in internal counter-insurgency operations since the 1950s. Despite such a long innings on a counter-insurgency mode, little attention has been accorded within military circles to doctrinal innovation for waging sub-conventional warfare in India's democratic political context. At best, the Army continues to view counter-insurgency duty as secondary to its primary duty of defending India from external conventional threats. By conceptualizing a counter-insurgency strategy of ‘trust and nurture’, this article aims to fill this critical doctrinal gap in India's military policy. The author argues that a counter-insurgency strategy of ‘trust and nurture’ based on democratic political culture, measured military methods, special counter-insurgency forces, local social and cultural awareness and an integrative nation-building approach will result in positive handling of India's internal security problems. The author utilizes India's counter-insurgency experiences in Assam, Mizoram, Nagaland, Punjab, and Operation ‘Sadhbhavana’ in Jammu and Kashmir as illustrative empirical indicants in order to validate the ‘trust and nurture’ strategy.     

Helping hands: civil–military cooperation and Italy's military operation abroad

In the Post-Bipolar Era the growing complexity of the military operations requires a new approach for the resolution of international crises. Since the end of the Cold War, peace support operations (PSO) have become the mainstay and principal occupation of most Western armies. At the same time, Italy has been one of the most important actors in such an area. The article focuses on the cooperation between military and civil components (a process called CIMIC) as a key variable in the Italian PSOs. We will analyse in detail the main lessons learned from past military interventions as well as the general context in which new tendencies are taking place. The maintaining of a minimum security frame becomes essential to fulfil activities ‘collateral’ to the mission: reconstructing services and infrastructure, food distribution, water and medication, law and order, de-mining, training of local forces, and supporting local institutions. These are the main tasks to obtain thrust and support from the population.     

Terrorism,insurgency, kidnapping,and security in Africa's energy sector

Energy continues to serve as the bedrock of modern economies and the main driver of modern society. For Africa, the production and supply of energy resources such as crude oil, natural gas, uranium, coal, biomass, biofuels and other renewables are an important source of employment, rents, taxes, royalties and profits. This sector brings in several tens of billions of dollars of revenue annually. The production and delivery of such resources, however, depend on critical infrastructures such as pipelines, refineries, processing plants, terminals, rigs, electrical energy pylons, substations, pump stations, vessels, and tankers. These infrastructures have been attacked by terrorists, insurgents, vandals and saboteurs, all of whom see them as targets against which to register their grievances and extract concessions from the state. This paper is a chronological account of some of the documented incidents of terrorism, insurgency, kidnapping, destruction, sabotage, and human casualties suffered in the oil and gas sectors in Africa between 1999 and 2012. It is based on data extracted from the databases of the RAND Database of World Terrorism Incidents and the University of Maryland's Global Terrorism Database (GTD).     

Tacit support for terrorism: The rapprochement between the USSR and Palestinian guerrilla organizations following the 1967 war

This article demonstrates the inconsistent and wavering Soviet attitude towards national liberation movements in general and the Palestinian organizations in particular. Until the late 1960s, the Soviets viewed these organizations with suspicion, hesitating to engage in political dialogue with them. However, in the 1970s, political and military events in the region, as well as modifications in the Kremlin's Cold War strategies, led to a general shift towards the Middle East in Soviet foreign policy. Soviet leaders showed increased willingness to provide certain Palestinian organizations with arms with which to conduct terrorist activities against Israeli, pro-Israeli, Jewish and Western targets. The article explores the complex relations between Palestinian organizations and the USSR in the field of international terror. The study also exposes and analyzes the nature and content of Soviet–Palestinian arms dialogues and transactions. It provides clear evidence that Soviet policymakers and other luminaries were fully informed of, and sometimes directly involved in, these transactions and dialogues at the highest levels.     

A1 Qaeda and the radical Islamic challenge to western strategy

The September 11 global crisis prompted by the attacks on the World Trade Center and the Pentagon raises major questions concerning the nature and trajectory of terrorism in the post-Cold War global order. Hitherto, terrorism has been largely debated by analysts at the level of nation states. Terrorist and insurgent movements have also been largely anchored in nationalist and ethnic power bases even when they have sought to mobilise a transnational ideological appeal on religious or class grounds. There have been a few exceptions to this pattern such as the alliance between the German Baader-Meinhof group and the Japanese Red Army Faction, but even such international alliances as this did not, until at least the 1980s, presage anything like a global terrorist network necessitating a global strategic response. This study examines terrorism and global strategic responses.     

Helping hands: external support for the KNU insurgency in Burma

This article analyses to what extent the Burmese KNU insurgency made use of external support from states, refugees, and diasporas. Based on extensive fieldwork it is concluded that support from neighbouring states and refugees has for years kept the Karen rebellion alive. Western countries perceived forms of resistance to the illegitimate Burmese regime as just and have therefore played a crucial role in the continuation of conflict in Karen State. It is important that policymakers and donors as well as executing organizations continue to reflect critically on the way they exercise their work.     

Reviews

Douglas S. Derrer, We Are All the Target: A Handbook of Terrorism Avoidance and Hostage Survival. Annapolis, MD: US Naval Institute Press, 1992. Pp. x+135, notes, index. $14.95. ISBN 01–55750–150–5

Ian Knight, Zulu: Isandlwana and Rorke's Drift, 22–23 January 1879. London: Windrow & Greene, 1992. Pp.136, 150 illus., incl 8 colour plates, maps, biblio. £35. ISBN 1–872004–23–7

Ian Knight, By the Orders of the Great White Queen: Campaigning in Zululand through the Eyes of the British Soldiers, 1879. London: Greenhill Books and Novato: Presidio Press, 1992. Pp. 272, 17 illus., 1 map. £18.95. ISBN 1–85367–122–3

Manfried Rauchensteiner and Erwin A. Schmidl (eds.), Formen des Krieges: vom Mittelalter zum ‘Low‐intensity’ Conflict’. Graz : Verlag Styria, 1991. Pp.208. DM35. ISBN 3–22–12139–7

Harold J. Kearsley, Maritime Power and the Twenty‐First Century. Dartmouth: Dartmouth Publishing Company, Limited, 1992. Pp.xv + 203, 13 diagrams, index. £32.50. ISBN 1–85521–288–9     

基于GTST-DMLD-ESD的装备RMS建模仿真

装备的RMS是装备的重要设计参数,是影响战备完好和保障能力的关键因素.引入GTST-DMLD作为主要建模工具,建立起装备系统的RMS描述模型,以ESD为补充和扩展,对维修过程进行建模.并以GTST-DMLD-ESD模型作为装备RMS仿真的核心,对装备RMS仿真模型的总体框架进行了研究,并对各模块进行了较为详细的探讨.