一个新的类FEISTEL密码方案

分析了RSA和DES的算法优点和安全弱点,设计了一个新的密码算法方案。该方案以类FEISTEL结构为基础增强了左右两半部分结构的安全设计,利用了RSA进行密钥分配,并以序列密码算法的生成原理改变了固定密钥的缺点。该新方案具有一次一密的特点,给破译者获得大量的明密文对造成了很大的困难,可较好地抵抗差分分析与线性分析,是一种安全性较强的加密方案。     

电磁信息泄漏研究及进展

分析了电磁信息泄漏的机理,介绍了电磁信息泄漏的发展历史和趋势,阐述了电磁信息泄漏的基本概念和主要研究内容。针对P89C668单片机实现的DES密码系统,采用差分电磁分析的方法对其进行密码破译实验,获得了DES第16轮48 bit子密钥。     

阻止差分密码攻击的有效方法

差分密码分析方法是1990年由E.Biham和A.Shamir提出的,这种方法对DES算法及DES类体制构成了威胁。本文在剖析了差分密码分析方法工作原理的基础上,提出了改进DES算法的7种方法,从而可以有效地阻止差分密码分析法的攻击。     

八轮MISTY1算法的相关密钥扩大飞来去器攻击

密钥扩展算法对分组密码的安全至关重要,目前各种攻击方法越来越关注密钥带来的影响.通过分析非线性函数FI和密钥扩展算法,并观察轮子密钥的排列方式,寻找到MISTY1算法一个包含290个弱密钥的、可应用于相关密钥扩大飞来去器攻击的弱密钥类.在弱密钥类的基础上,寻找到两条相互独立的相关密钥差分路径,从而构造了一个七轮MISTY1算法的相关密钥扩大飞来去器区分器,进而实现了对八轮MISTY1算法(不带最后FL层)的相关密钥扩大飞来去器攻击.攻击需要263个选择明文,攻击的计算复杂度是270.该攻击是第一个对不带最后FL层MISTY1算法的八轮攻击,且与同类攻击方法相比,攻击算法放宽了所需要的相关密钥的限制条件.     

针对从右到左平方乘算法的RSA故障分析

提出了针对从右到左平方乘算法实现的RSA故障分析算法,该算法利用多次在模幂运算执行过程中在不同指定位置对模数N注入故障获得的故障签名,通过密钥搜索恢复出参与故障运算的密钥片断,最终恢复完整密钥。从理论上分析了该算法的复杂度,并通过仿真实验进行了验证,得到了密钥搜索空间和所需注入故障数目与一次攻击恢复密钥片断长度之间的对应关系。     

DES密码旁路立方体分析

将立方体分析和旁路攻击结合,基于8位汉明重泄露模型,首次对DES分组密码抗旁路立方体攻击安全性进行了评估．在黑盒攻击场景下,攻击者首先按照一定规则生成立方体和超多项式,然后利用不同选择明文,计算其在加密过程某比特的高阶差分,判断该立方体对应的超多项式是否合法．对DES加密输出第l轮输出不同字节进行了黑盒旁路立方体攻击实验,结果表明：未经防护的DES密码易遭黑盒旁路立方体攻击;如果攻击者能够精确获取加密第1轮输出某一字节的汉明重泄露,最好的攻击结果为2＾9.35个选择明文可将DES主密钥搜索空间降至2＾15．     

基于虹膜特征的密钥生成和IDEA算法的图像加密方案

提出了虹膜特征的密钥生成算法,该算法对加密者的虹膜进行处理,包括虹膜的定位、归一化和特征提取等过程,得到了由虹膜特征生成的密钥.在虹膜特征生成密钥的基础上,采用安全可靠的IDEA算法对机密图像进行加密,既保留了IDEA算法作为常规加密算法的优良特性,又将生物特征技术引入其中,开辟了新的加密思路,其试验结果表明加密的结果良好,达到了预期的目的.     

一种基于Cache的AES计时模板攻击方法

采用面向字节、分而治之的攻击思想,将AES主密钥按字节划分为若干子密钥块,为每个子密钥块的所有候选值搭建Cache计时信息模板,并采集未知密钥AES算法的Cache计时信息,使Pearson相关性算法与模板匹配,成功地恢复AES-128位密钥。实验结果表明：AES查找表和Cache结构缺陷决定了AES易遭受Cache计时模板攻击,而模板分析理论在时序驱动攻击分析中是可行的。     

基于簇的无线传感器网络密钥管理方案

在无线传感器网络中,安全通信有两种类型:一对多和一对一.提出一套低复杂度算法产生并分配两种类型的密钥.算法对基于簇的层次型网络进行设计,算法包括初始密钥管理、周期密钥管理和簇动态密钥管理,算法中的所有通信都使用椭圆曲线数字签名方案验证.通过仿真实验,结果清晰地显示出该方案对资源受限的无线传感器网络是安全可行的.     

ARIA分组密码差分功耗分析

分析了密码算法加密过程的功耗泄露模型,给出了差分功耗分析的基本原理,针对ARIA分组密码中查找S盒的功耗泄漏进行了差分功耗分析,并进行仿真实验。实验结果表明：ARIA密码中S盒查表操作功耗消耗易遭受差分功耗攻击,对800个随机明文的功耗曲线进行实验分析,可获取ARIA加密前4轮轮密钥,结合密钥扩展算法即可获取128位的主密钥。     

Putin – the masked nemesis of the strategy of ambiguity

Recent events demonstrate the complex and adaptive approach employed by Russia to reassert influence in Europe. The changing face of Russia’s strategy commenced in 2007 when it launched a crippling cyber-attack against Estonia. This was followed by a large Russian conventional attack against Georgia in 2008, occupying two large areas of the nation. 2014 witnessed the Russian annexation of Crimea where in just a week, Russia seized control of Crimea “without firing a shot.” The annexation of Crimea was rapidly followed by a Russian inspired and led subversive war in eastern Ukraine. The common thread among these diverse Russian operations is its use of ambiguity to confound and confuse decision makers in the West.     

India's counter-insurgency experience: the ‘trust and nurture’ strategy

The Indian Army, a force trained primarily for conventional warfare, has been engaged in internal counter-insurgency operations since the 1950s. Despite such a long innings on a counter-insurgency mode, little attention has been accorded within military circles to doctrinal innovation for waging sub-conventional warfare in India's democratic political context. At best, the Army continues to view counter-insurgency duty as secondary to its primary duty of defending India from external conventional threats. By conceptualizing a counter-insurgency strategy of ‘trust and nurture’, this article aims to fill this critical doctrinal gap in India's military policy. The author argues that a counter-insurgency strategy of ‘trust and nurture’ based on democratic political culture, measured military methods, special counter-insurgency forces, local social and cultural awareness and an integrative nation-building approach will result in positive handling of India's internal security problems. The author utilizes India's counter-insurgency experiences in Assam, Mizoram, Nagaland, Punjab, and Operation ‘Sadhbhavana’ in Jammu and Kashmir as illustrative empirical indicants in order to validate the ‘trust and nurture’ strategy.     

An Unlikely Alliance: Portuguese and South African Airpower in Angola, 1968–1974

The war that Portugal was obliged to fight in Africa began in 1961 and immediately stretched the resources of its armed forces. Nowhere was this thinness more apparent than in policing the vast territory of Angola. The east and southeast of Angola were particularly vulnerable, as the area was a vast, sparsely populated region characterised by enormous featureless plains or chanas covered in tall grass and broken by an extensive river system and mountainous forests. The only military solution to policing these immense spaces was aviation and specifically the helicopter that could carry troops into battle, protect them with a gunship and bring them home when the operation was concluded. The immediate problem for the Portuguese Air Force (Força Aérea Portuguesa or FAP) in Angola and elsewhere was a scarcity of helicopters. The solution was an alliance with South Africa, which had a strong inventory of Alouette IIIs, to help in policing the east. This move was likewise in the interest of South Africa, as its threat came from Zambia through south-eastern Angola. This article examines the strategic and tactical development of this unusual, cross-cultural alliance and the symbiotic relationship that resulted in destruction of the enemies of both in Angola.     

国内外结构钢焊条研究的现状与发展

本文主要介绍了国外焊条的现状和发展趋势,包括焊条的高韧性、高效率、低尘低毒和耐吸潮性能,为国内的焊条研究提供了参考依据。     

A Sign of Victory?: ‘Scottish Swords’ and Other Weapons in the Possession of the ‘Auld Innemie’

Many late medieval documents, notably inventories of arms and armour, of Englishmen contain references to ‘Scottish swords’ and other weapons. What did the compilers of these documents mean when they described a weapon as ‘Scottish’? How did such weapons come to be in the possession of these men? This article will attempt to explain this phenomenon drawing on primary documentary sources and surviving material culture from Glasgow Museums’ collections and others, as well as artworks from the period.     

Helping hands: civil–military cooperation and Italy's military operation abroad

In the Post-Bipolar Era the growing complexity of the military operations requires a new approach for the resolution of international crises. Since the end of the Cold War, peace support operations (PSO) have become the mainstay and principal occupation of most Western armies. At the same time, Italy has been one of the most important actors in such an area. The article focuses on the cooperation between military and civil components (a process called CIMIC) as a key variable in the Italian PSOs. We will analyse in detail the main lessons learned from past military interventions as well as the general context in which new tendencies are taking place. The maintaining of a minimum security frame becomes essential to fulfil activities ‘collateral’ to the mission: reconstructing services and infrastructure, food distribution, water and medication, law and order, de-mining, training of local forces, and supporting local institutions. These are the main tasks to obtain thrust and support from the population.     

Terrorism,insurgency, kidnapping,and security in Africa's energy sector

Energy continues to serve as the bedrock of modern economies and the main driver of modern society. For Africa, the production and supply of energy resources such as crude oil, natural gas, uranium, coal, biomass, biofuels and other renewables are an important source of employment, rents, taxes, royalties and profits. This sector brings in several tens of billions of dollars of revenue annually. The production and delivery of such resources, however, depend on critical infrastructures such as pipelines, refineries, processing plants, terminals, rigs, electrical energy pylons, substations, pump stations, vessels, and tankers. These infrastructures have been attacked by terrorists, insurgents, vandals and saboteurs, all of whom see them as targets against which to register their grievances and extract concessions from the state. This paper is a chronological account of some of the documented incidents of terrorism, insurgency, kidnapping, destruction, sabotage, and human casualties suffered in the oil and gas sectors in Africa between 1999 and 2012. It is based on data extracted from the databases of the RAND Database of World Terrorism Incidents and the University of Maryland's Global Terrorism Database (GTD).     

Cyberpower in Strategic Affairs: Neither Unthinkable nor Blessed

Abstract

This article explores the effect of connectivity on strategic affairs. It argues that the effect on war's character is potentially, although not yet shown in practice, considerably large. Its effect upon the distribution of power among states in the international system is small, contrary to the claims of ‘cyberwar’ alarmists. All told, however, its effect upon strategic affairs is complex. On the one hand, it represents a significant advance in the ‘complexification’ of state strategies, understood in the sense of the production of intended effects. On the other hand, strategists today – still predominantly concerned with the conflicts and confrontations of states and organised military power – are generally missing the power which non-traditional strategic actors, better adapted to the network flows of the information age, are beginning to deploy. These new forms of organization and coercion will challenge the status quo.