围绕主题主线加强和改进部队党的建设

胡主席主题主线重大战略思想的提出,明确了部队党的建设的发展方向和途径,指明了国防和军队建设的目标任务和战略重点,是抓好部队党建工作的重要遵循和依据。当前和今后一个时期,各级要认真学习贯彻胡主席的重要指示精神,不断加强和改进部队党的思想、组织、作风、制度和反腐倡廉建设,切实把党的政治优势和组织优势转化为推进部队建设科学发展、     

新课程中初中化学的概念教学

化学概念是用简练的语言高度概括出来的,常包括定义、原理、反应规律等,其中每一个字词、每一句话、每一个注释都是经过认真推敲并有其特定的意义,以保证概念的完整性和科学性.新教材中概念和原理的教学内容和教学要求总体上来说,记忆性和理论性强的概念和原理要求普遍较低,基础性和应用性强的概念和原理要求普遍较高.针对新课程的理念和要求及学生的实际,对基本概念的教学也应有所创新.如何教好化学基本概念,多年的实践和体会证明,要从以下几个方面抓起.     

用改革的精神积极推进国防和军队建设的创新和发展——学习十六大报告的一点体会

江泽民同志在党的十六大报告中,充分肯定了国防和军队建设的战略地位和作用,进一步明确了新形势下国防和军队建设的指导思想和目标任务,提出了“探索新的历史条件下治军的特点和规律,推进国防和军队建设的各项改革”的要求。怎样贯彻落实这一重要思想和要求,积极推进国防和军队     

浅谈党支部工作创新之路

党的基层组织是党的全部工作和战斗力的基础,党支部又是党的最基层的组织,是党的肌体上的细胞,是党员的主心骨和排头兵,是实现党的领导、贯彻党的路线、方针、政策的组织者、推动者和实践者.在新时期加强和改革党的基层组织建设,抓好党支部工作的改革创新是十分迫切和现实的.当前,我党的执政地位和执政环境,党所肩负的历史任务发生了重大变化.建立社会主义市场经济体制的实践,使我党面临巨大的历史性挑战和考验.基层党组织如何面对新的形势、新的要求和诸多新问题.……     

伊犁河流域国际合作开发的政策构架和法律基础

中国和包括哈萨克斯坦在内的中亚各国关系的利益基础,就是基于双方资源、地缘、人文优势的经济合作和贸易往来,中国和中亚各国都力图将地缘政治战略转化为地缘经济战略,突出地缘经济的因素,并以经济关系为基础,发展政治关系和其他关系,为进一步促进区域经济合作和贸易往来创造条件,这是中国和中亚各国关系的基本模式和性质.     

社会主义政治文明建设与代表最广大人民群众的根本利益

十六大报告指出,建设社会主义政治文明,最根本的就是坚持党的领导、人民当家作主和依法治国的有机统一。共产党执政就是领导和支持人民当家作主,最广泛地动员和组织人民群众依法管理国家和社会事务,管理经济和文化事业,维护和实现人民群众的根本利益。     

在教学和科研工作中贯彻七一讲话的思考

深入研究和理解"七一"讲话和"三个代表"思想中蕴涵的哲学思想和智慧,是今后哲学教学和科研的重要任务和重要内容.提出并阐述了江泽民同志对马克思主义哲学创造性应用和发展的5个突出方面.     

加强党的执政能力建设是一个重大战略课题

十六届四中全会审议通过了《中共中央关于加强党的执政能力建设的决定》(以下简称《决定》)。根据《决定》的精神,党的执政能力可以具体表述为：“党提出和运用正确的理论、路线、方针、政策和策略,领导制定和实施宪法和法律,采取科学的领导制度和领导方式,动员和组织人民依法管理国家和社会事务、经济和文化事业,有效治党治国治军,建设社会主义现代化国家的本领。”虽然只有93个字,但内涵丰富：提出和运用正确的理论、路线、     

建国以来人民解放军参加抢险救灾的丰功伟绩及历史经验

军队参加抢险救灾,是指人民解放军和人民武装警察部队抢救各种险情和抵御各种灾害,保护国家和人民群众的生命财产,帮助人民群众恢复生产、重建家园的活动.它是和平时期人民解放军的一项重要职能,是实践人民军队性质和宗旨的具体行动,是加强军政军民团结的重要途径,是锻炼和检验部队、提高快速动员和遂行作战任务能力的极好时机.     

理论前沿

全面认识文化的属性和功能《求是》杂志刊文指出,重新审视文化的属性和功能,对于促进文化大发展大繁荣具有重要意义。文化具有下列属性和功能:第一,文化的精神属性和化人功能;第二,文化的民族属性和软实力功能;第三,文化的知识属性和育人功能;第四,文化的生产力属性和社会动力功能;第五,文化的商品属性和经济功能;第六,文化的意识形态属性和政治功能;第七,文化的社会属性     

Critical interfaces in body armour systems

The ballistic performance, and behaviour, of an armour system is governed by two major sets of variables, geometrical and material. Of these, the consistency of performance, especially against small arms ammunition, will depend upon the consistency of the properties of the constituent materials. In a body armour system for example, fibre diameter, areal density of woven fabric, and bulk density of ceramic are examples of critical parameters and monitoring such parameters will form the backbone of associated quality control procedures. What is often overlooked, because it can fall into the User’s domain, are the interfaces that exist between the various products; the carrier, the Soft Armour Insert (SAI), and the one or two hard armour plates (HAP1 and HAP2). This is especially true if the various products are sourced from different suppliers.There are between 30 and 150 individual layers within a typical body armour system, and each of the interfaces between each of those layers will, in some way or another, contribute to the ballistic performance of the system. For example, consider the following interfaces/interlayers: (i) the frictional, sliding, inter-ply surfaces within a soft armour pack, and also between the pack and the carrier, (ii) the air-gaps that may develop within the soft armour pack, (iii) the interconnecting space between the soft armour pack and the hard armour plate, (iv) the nature of the interfaces between adjacent plies of a multiplied backing laminate, even in a highly compressed Ultra High Molecular Weight Polyethylene (UHMWPE) variant, (v) the interlayer between the ceramic and its substrate, within a HAP, and (vi) the geometrical fit between two hard armour plates within a stacked body armour system. This paper will provide a User-friendly overview of all such interfaces and provide unique guidance as to their criticality and influence.     

Formation and impact-induced separation of tandem EFPs

The formation and separation behaviors of tandem EFPs are studied by the combination of experiments and simulations. The results show that different formation and separation processes can be obtained by adjusting the double-layer liners, and simulations agree with experiments well. Then, the interaction process between the two liners is discussed in details, and the formation and separation mechanism are revealed. It can be found that there are four phases in the formation and separation processes, including impact phase, propulsion phase, slide phase and free flight phase. During the impact phase, the velocities of two liners rise in turns with kinetic energy exchange. In the propulsion phase, the axial impact becomes insignificant, but the radial interaction between two liners influences the appearance of tandem EFPs. Meanwhile, it should be mentioned that the inner surface of foregoing EFP remains to be in contact with the outer surface of following EFP in the propulsion phase, and the following one would continue to push the foregoing one for about 10μ to 20 μs, causing the velocities of following and foregoing EFPs gradually decreasing and increasing respectively. In the slide phase, an obvious relative movement occurs between the two EFPs, and there would be barely kinetic energy exchange. Then, the two EFPs separate gradually and get into the phase of free flight. Generally, if the outer and inner liners have the same thickness, the outer copper-inner copper liners form two long EFPs, the outer copper-inner steel liners become a foregoing short steel EFP and a following long copper EFP, and the outer steel-inner copper liners produce a foregoing long copper EFP and a following conical steel EFP. In addition, thickness match also has an important impact on formation appearance and separation process for both outer copper-inner copper liners and outer steel-inner copper liners. With the thickness ratio of outer liner to inner liner decreasing, the length and length-diameter ratio of both foregoing and following EFPs increase gradually.     

Lessons in airpower projection: Indochina and Algeria

The lessons from the two French counterinsurgencies, Indochina and Algeria, give rise to a new understanding of the projection of airpower in remote and hostile environments and the purpose, design, and use of aircraft in counterinsurgency. In both Indochina and Algeria, the campaigns were ones of poverty, and it is their imaginative management under severe resource constraints that provides thoughtful and applicable lessons for today. In both cases, airpower held the promise of delivering victory and solving the resource issue. In Indochina, acquisition of the needed aircraft, operating knowledge, and experience came too slowly to realize this promise. In Algeria, the French embraced the lessons from Indochina and were quite successful and innovative in the use of airpower. The lessons can be reduced to four requirements: (1) a network of airfields for liaison, ground-support, and intra-theater airlift to enable effective air support of ground forces; (2) a solid, reliable, and simple ground-support aircraft capable of operating from forward airfields within range of ground engagements; (3) a capable intra-theater heavy-lift transport to supply the extended ground forces; and (4) helicopter capability to enhance tactical troop mobility and support.     

Terrorism,insurgency, kidnapping,and security in Africa's energy sector

Energy continues to serve as the bedrock of modern economies and the main driver of modern society. For Africa, the production and supply of energy resources such as crude oil, natural gas, uranium, coal, biomass, biofuels and other renewables are an important source of employment, rents, taxes, royalties and profits. This sector brings in several tens of billions of dollars of revenue annually. The production and delivery of such resources, however, depend on critical infrastructures such as pipelines, refineries, processing plants, terminals, rigs, electrical energy pylons, substations, pump stations, vessels, and tankers. These infrastructures have been attacked by terrorists, insurgents, vandals and saboteurs, all of whom see them as targets against which to register their grievances and extract concessions from the state. This paper is a chronological account of some of the documented incidents of terrorism, insurgency, kidnapping, destruction, sabotage, and human casualties suffered in the oil and gas sectors in Africa between 1999 and 2012. It is based on data extracted from the databases of the RAND Database of World Terrorism Incidents and the University of Maryland's Global Terrorism Database (GTD).     

海上编队传感器管理架构研究

在信息化海战场,获取信息优势是保障作战胜利的基础之一,海上编队传感器管理是提升传感器探测整体效能,从而达成信息优势的关键环节.首先分析了海上编队传感器管理需求,包括组成结构、作用以及编队、平台、传感器各层级的管理需求;其次研究了海上编队传感器管理的总体架构,提出采用混合式的体系结构,设计了事前规划与实时调度2个方面的处...     

Capacity and competence: full-spectrum counterinsurgency in the Horn of Africa

From 2006 to 2011, al Qaeda's East African proxy, al Shabaab, served as de facto ruling party of Somalia despite the efforts of the internationally recognized Transitional Federal Government (TFG). During these five years, a violent struggle between al Shabaab and the Burundian and Ugandan Peacekeepers of the African Union Mission in Somalia (AMISOM) resulted in thousands of dead civilians, hundreds of thousands of internally displaced persons, and a strategic environment inhospitable to reconciliation, recovery, or development. Beginning in August 2011, AMISOM was able to break the deadlock and force al Shabaab from Mogadishu, then subsequently, Kismayo, and ultimately to consolidate and reorganize in the Somali hinterland. In order to continue the momentum, the African Union and other partner nations must support the newly recognized Somali Federal Government (SFG), neutralize al Shabaab, and provide good governance to its constituents. Al Shabaab's revenue streams must be shut down and their offensive capability must be degraded while the strategic environment is shaped to ensure that conditions conducive to a revival do not exist. Failure to do so will likely see Somalia continuing to produce Islamic extremists and pirates to menace international maritime traffic in the Western Indian Ocean, destabilize East Africa, and adversely impact millions.     

Brazilian National Defence Policy: foreign policy,national security,economic growth,and technological innovation

ABSTRACT

With the world’s ninth largest economy and comprising nearly 60% of South America’s GDP, 47% of its territory, and 49% of its population, Brazil has become a regional power and an important actor in world affairs over recent decades. This scenario has led the government to re-evaluate its role in the world order, resulting in the enactment of the National Defence Policy, whose objective was to consolidate the country as a regional power while at the same time addressing national security issues, promoting economic development through a series of defence programmes, restructuring the defence industrial base, fostering innovation through technology and knowledge transfer to Brazil, and indigenous research and development. However, the policy’s implementation suffers from several challenges discussed in this article, which may test the capability and competence of Brazilian policymakers, military, industrialists, and other individuals and organisations involved in its implementation.     

复杂体系的结构分析和建模研究

根据复杂体系的概念及其所呈现出的多种特性,利用复杂体系的使命分解和复杂体系的元素组成对复杂体系进行综合的结构分析,描述了目标分解、功能分解和行为分解的复杂体系使命目标三阶段分解过程以及系统单元、复合元和体系外部环境的复杂体系三元素结构框架。在此基础上,提出了采用一种“两层四级”的设计思想对复杂体系进行有效的结构建模设计,并针对复杂体系内部的相互位置层次及其功能关联定义了度量实体、层级映射、系统关联性和软构层等相关概念,清晰地阐释了复杂体系结构分析和建模时体系层次映射的实质,从而为复杂体系的效能评估以及体系改进和优化提供一定的理论指导。     

Deviant globalization: the application of strategic landpower*

In both Afghanistan and Iraq, US landpower was able to gain control rapidly over terrain. However, that control ebbed as US presence weakened. Non-state actors, such as the Taliban, the Haqqani network, the Islamic State, and Al Qaeda, gained control of segments of the population. Transnational Criminal Organizations capitalized on this permissive environment to strengthen their networks, often eroding the legitimacy of the host nation government, fueling regional instability, and, ultimately, undermining US policy objectives. The proliferation of deviant globalization, or the connectedness of subversive elements, is a key indicator of future conflict. Strategic landpower is uniquely positioned to influence the physical, psychological, economic, and social interactions of various non-state actors and their association with deviant globalization. It is no longer enough to seize and hold terrain. Landpower must also have the capability to influence the actions and attitudes of populations on that terrain wherever and whenever these interactions occur.     

部队报刊编辑应具备的基本素质

立足部队新闻工作的特点,探讨部队报刊编辑应具备的基本素质,着重从政治素质、道德素质及业务素质三个方面详细论述,并阐明只有在实践中不断积累,不断总结,才能逐步提高工作能力和水平,真正胜任部队报刊编辑工作。