实现政治工作指挥手段信息化的目标与途径

信息化是新军事变革的本质和核心。适应中国特色的新军事变革 ,政治工作要提供强大的精神动力 ,必须要实现其指挥手段的信息化。本文提出政治工作指挥手段“三化维度”的目标 ,即 :指挥系统网络化、信息处理实时化、辅助决策智能化 ,并提出实现政治工作指挥手段信息化的主要方式     

利用计算机辅助烟幕保障指挥:暨“烟幕保护指挥辅助决策系统“简介

论述高技术条件下利用计算机辅助烟幕保障指挥的必要性,从实战需要出发提出了烟幕保障指挥辅助决策系统的设计构想和技术原理。介绍新近研究成果,“烟幕保障指挥辅助决策系统”的主要内容和特点。     

基于映射分析方法的打击目标选择研究

目标系统是一个能够产生相互影响的有机整体,分析目标系统,发现目标系统的内部联系,对于作战指挥决策、实施目标选择与打击有着重要的意义。分析了基于价值的目标选择与打击方法存在的不足和对目标选择与打击的影响。根据目标系统的网络特征,运用映射思想,提出一种映射结构,把目标和目标系统映射到虚目标及其组成的系统,由虚目标价值求取目标系统价值和目标对系统的价值,解决了目标价值难以计算以及动态变化后计算不够准确的问题,为目标选择与打击提供了可靠的依据。以某军事通信目标系统为例进行分析,验证了映射方法的可行性和正确性。     

点状保卫目标的空袭规模预测模型

现代空袭作战已成为结构破坏战,各类政治、经济、军事指挥中心、侦察预警设施,交通枢纽等点状目标已成为敌空袭的首选目标,而如何准确、可靠地预测点状保卫目标的空袭规模是防空作战的首要问题和难点。把点状保卫目标分为立体类目标、平面类目标、地下类目标,根据每类点状目标的特性,构建其相应的空袭规模预测模型,通过算例分析,该模型具有较高的可信度,能为各种辅助决策系统和指挥自动化系统提供决策支持。     

“人权卫士”的野蛮行径

北约空袭南联盟是打着“人权卫士”的旗号进行的,并反复强调空袭目标都是经过严格筛选后确定的,仅仅打击军事目标,决不打击非军事目标,更不会攻击南联盟人民。事实是在78天的空袭中,北约不仅对南军事指挥、控制、通信     

战役辅助决策系统功能需求研究

指挥信息系统作为现代作战体系的"神经中枢",在战役指挥中发挥着越来越重要的作用,而辅助决策系统作为指挥信息系统的核心,对其功能需求的研究非常重要.从战役学、作战指挥学和军事运筹学等基本理论着眼,对战役层次辅助决策系统的功能需求进行了研究,对系统应具备的功能进行了研究.     

炮兵火力决策专家系统

军事运筹学的特点是用数学模型精确地处理军事指挥中的决策问题,但军事指挥上许多问题很难定量化和数学化。本系统依靠人工智能技术和数学模型相结合的方法为炮兵指挥员在火力决策中提供专家水平的判断和决策。系统采用框架与规则结合的形式表示战场态势和军事专家知识,推理策略是目标驱动,利用元规则指导规则选择。系统根据输入的战场情况,自动推理、判断和决策,并解释所作出的判断和决策。系统用逻辑程序设计语言Turbo—PROL 实现。     

精确指挥作战指挥变革的“重心”

在近期的高技术局部战争中,以高技术作战平台为牵引,以精确制导武器为主导的“精确战”作战模式已经出现。对战场目标进行精确侦察、定位、控制,对各种作战力量进行精确指挥,对作战目标实施全程、全域、全时空的高效打击,将成为信息化战争的突出特征。因而,“精确指挥”将成为未来作战指挥的必然趋势。一、新的战争形态催生“精确指挥”随着信息化、数字化、网络化、自动化和智能化等技术在军事领域的广泛应用,战争形态将会发生根本性的变化。这种新的战争形态必然导致作战指挥的变革,使“精确指挥”日益凸现。一是“精确打击”需要“精确指…     

坦克目标威胁程度评估

以军事理论和层次分析法为基础,将一种新的归一化效用函数应用于坦克目标的威胁程序评估,为地面作战自动化指挥提出了一种辅助决策方法。     

陆战场装甲目标细粒度识别技术

智能化作为新的改变战争游戏规则的颠覆性技术,成为世界各军事强国的发展重点。当前,智能化可以实现对陆战场军事装甲目标的自动识别,但是现有识别任务主要是粗粒度的目标类别识别,缺乏细粒度的目标识别。本文针对陆战场军事装甲目标细粒度识别任务,提出了一种适用于无人作战平台的轻量化细粒度目标识别方法,并初步验证了方法的可行性和有效性,基于此,提出了无人作战平台的新的作战运用。该方法可辅助操作人员进行陆战场装甲目标识别的决策判断,或提供无人打击武器自主打击的判断能力。     

Reviews

Douglas S. Derrer, We Are All the Target: A Handbook of Terrorism Avoidance and Hostage Survival. Annapolis, MD: US Naval Institute Press, 1992. Pp. x+135, notes, index. $14.95. ISBN 01–55750–150–5

Ian Knight, Zulu: Isandlwana and Rorke's Drift, 22–23 January 1879. London: Windrow & Greene, 1992. Pp.136, 150 illus., incl 8 colour plates, maps, biblio. £35. ISBN 1–872004–23–7

Ian Knight, By the Orders of the Great White Queen: Campaigning in Zululand through the Eyes of the British Soldiers, 1879. London: Greenhill Books and Novato: Presidio Press, 1992. Pp. 272, 17 illus., 1 map. £18.95. ISBN 1–85367–122–3

Manfried Rauchensteiner and Erwin A. Schmidl (eds.), Formen des Krieges: vom Mittelalter zum ‘Low‐intensity’ Conflict’. Graz : Verlag Styria, 1991. Pp.208. DM35. ISBN 3–22–12139–7

Harold J. Kearsley, Maritime Power and the Twenty‐First Century. Dartmouth: Dartmouth Publishing Company, Limited, 1992. Pp.xv + 203, 13 diagrams, index. £32.50. ISBN 1–85521–288–9     

Panjwai: a tale of two COINs in Afghanistan

The US Army has two approaches to counterinsurgency operations in Afghanistan. One is hard, or combat-focused, and the other is soft, or development-focused. This study examines two US Army task forces deployed to Panjwai District, Afghanistan from 2012 to 2013. CTF 4-9 and 1-38 offer a meaningful comparison because they pursued these contrasting approaches among the same population and against the same enemy at the same time and place. The study compares each unit’s approach and finds that neither approach was successful absent the other. The article concludes by recommending further research into combining the approaches at the operational level.     

线性核时频信号表示及其仿真

根据ｃｈｉｒｐ信号在模糊域的特点,本文提出了线性核时频表示方法。这种方法在提高分辨率、消除交叉项以及抑制噪声等方面都具有较高的性能。理论分析和实验结果都证实了这种方法的有效性     

Putin – the masked nemesis of the strategy of ambiguity

Recent events demonstrate the complex and adaptive approach employed by Russia to reassert influence in Europe. The changing face of Russia’s strategy commenced in 2007 when it launched a crippling cyber-attack against Estonia. This was followed by a large Russian conventional attack against Georgia in 2008, occupying two large areas of the nation. 2014 witnessed the Russian annexation of Crimea where in just a week, Russia seized control of Crimea “without firing a shot.” The annexation of Crimea was rapidly followed by a Russian inspired and led subversive war in eastern Ukraine. The common thread among these diverse Russian operations is its use of ambiguity to confound and confuse decision makers in the West.     

Forecasting a Hurricane: Israeli and American Estimations of the Khomeini Revolution

The surprising ‘Arab Spring’ raises the question as to what would enable national intelligence to provide high quality warnings prior to the eruption of popular revolutions. This article uses new sources of evidence to trace and explain Israel's success in comparison to US failure at correctly estimating the course of the Iranian Revolution in 1977–79. In explaining this variance, the article shows that it was mainly the result of the intimate acquaintance of Israel's representatives in Iran with the local language, history and culture, as well as the ability to communicate with locals – tools which the Americans completely lacked.     

关于教师继续教育培训模式的思考

继续教育作为终身教育的重要组成部分和基本形式,对教师的发展成长意义重大。继续教育工作开展十多年来,取得了一定的成绩,但还存在不少问题,如学习动机较为被动,管理认识不到位,教学内容陈旧空泛,教学方法呆板机械等。随着课程改革的不断深入,继续教育必须采取相应的改进措施,树立以人为本,服务至上的观点,教学内容的前瞻性与实用性并重,教学人员进行整合,教学方法灵活多样,评价考核规范科学等,以此激活受训教师内在的学习动机,更大程度地提高继续教育培训的实际效果。     

用DirectShow实现网络视频

目前市场上的网络监控技术一般用昂贵的硬件设备来支撑,投资较大。在深入研究微软的DirectX9.0的基础上,提出如何用DirectShow软件技术和普通的数字摄像头来实现网络视频的监控和实现技术,内容涉及通信协议、视频的编码与解码技术、视频的编码格式和COM组件编程技术等,最终的实验结果令人满意,且费用低廉,技术可靠,为在高速局域网内构建视频监控系统提供有效的技术支持。     

Interpreting the Ribchester Helmet

In 1796 a 13-year-old boy playing on wasteland behind his father’s house in Ribchester, Lancashire discovered an assemblage of over 30 Roman artefacts, including a decorated brass helmet. Although partially corroded the Ribchester helmet is a fine example of a first-century AD cavalry sports helmet. This article considers how the interpretation of the helmet has evolved since its discovery. The multi-faceted iconography of the helmet with its mural crown diadem is that of an elite soldier and is paralleled in other examples of cavalry sports helmets of the Ribchester type. The long-neglected imagery on the helmet bowl is reinterpreted and seen not as a haphazard collection of randomly placed combatants but as a highly structured, symmetrical composition specifically designed to be viewed from different directions.     

Desert insurgency: lessons from the third Tuareg rebellion

This article provides an in-depth examination and analysis of the 2006–2009 Tuareg rebellion in Mali and Niger. It identifies the underlying reasons behind the rebellion, explores contrasting counter-insurgency (COIN) strategies employed by the two governments, and presents some lessons learned. While both COIN approaches ultimately produced similar peace settlements, the article argues that the Malian strategy of reconciliation combined with the selective use of force was far more effective than the Nigerien iron fist approach at limiting the size and scope of the insurgency and producing a more sustainable peace. It concludes by looking at the role of external actors, particularly the United States, and how the failure to internationalize the conflict was actually more beneficial to the local COIN effort, as well as to the longer strategic interests of the United States in the region.