航测平台计算机系统软件设计

根据航测平台系统计算机的功能要求 ,采用数据流图对航测平台系统软件进行了分析 ,对系统软件各模块进行了划分 ,确定了系统软件的设计方案 ,并在此基础上 ,完成了航测平台控制计算机系统软件的设计和实现 .     

协调式六自由度运动平台的运动学分析

从平台的基本变换着手,用运动平台和固定平台间的矢量关系分析了协调式六自由度运动平台的运动学性能.给出了平台进行各种运动(平动、转动)时作动筒的位移、速度和加速度变化规律,并以一个具体实例对其进行了验证.     

潜艇仿真器支撑平台的机构分析

本文对一种６自由度、大倾角、重载的潜艇仿真器支撑平台的机构进行了分析,利用几何形体法进行位置正解计算,并从运动学观点来分析其路径规划。该支撑平台同样适用于作为飞行仿真器支撑平台或并联机械手等。     

基于态势分析法的地面无人平台与反机动工程保障需求分析

系统分析了地面无人平台能力,研究了反机动工程保障对无人平台发展的需求,运用态势分析法对无人平台与反机动工程保障需求进行了探索性分析,以期对无人平台在反机动工程保障领域的发展方向、关注重点、改进内容和注意事项提供决策参考.     

临近空间通信平台及其军事应用

介绍临近空间与临近空间平台的概念与特点,计算了平台高度与覆盖区域的关系以及传输损耗,临近空间平台对于静止卫星在传输距离、损耗和时延的减小,使得平台通信系统在天线增益、发射功率、网络功能和系统结构等方面有更多选择余地的一些优点。并对临近空间通信平台的组网进行了分析,最后对于临近空间平台在军事上的应用进行了探讨。     

临近空间对地观测平台的矢量化建模及稳定性分析

研究了临近空间对地观测平台的矢量化建模和稳定性问题.定义了描述观测平台空间运动的坐标系及运动参数;在受力分析的基础上,根据Newton-Euler方程建立了矢量形式的六自由度非线性数学模型;基于此模型,应用Lyapunov稳定性理论对观测平台的稳定性进行了分析.研究结果表明:对于给定的未扰运动,观测平台是渐近稳定的;纵...     

网络化多平台协同控制与决策系统总体设计框架

针对单一平台在探测能力和信息获取方面的局限性,提出构建基于空中、地面、水中平台的多平台人机协同控制与决策系统的体系结构,该系统的特点是有人参与决策,可实现有人平台和无人平台的协同。分析了地面指挥控制与决策中心及各平台应具有的功能,并对人机交互软件界面进行了总体设计。给出了一个典型的应用场景,分析了其工作原理及多平台协同跟踪与决策过程,验证了所提系统体系结构的灵活性和合理性。     

战术防空C^3I系统仿真平台体系结构研究

在分析传统战术防空C3I系统体系结构的基础上,基于HLA技术提出了一种分布式战术防空C3I系统仿真平台的体系结构,给出了仿真平台信息的基本流程,并对仿真平台的通用软件体系结构进行了探讨。     

水下无人预置平台的发展现状和启示

水下无人预置平台是现代海军武器装备中的新兴发展方向。介绍了国外水下无人预置平台的现状,分析了装备特点和关键技术,对未来水下无人预置平台的发展趋势进行了简要分析,给出了相关启示建议,以期助力我国水下攻防作战体系的构建和完善。     

陆战平台信息系统的主要交换分析

交换技术是陆战平台信息化的关键技术,未来陆战平台的交换呈现了一体化综合交换的趋势。对陆战平台的主要业务和交换需求进行了分析,阐述了当前的主要交换手段,并针对当前交换系统的设计现状提出了综合交换的设计思路,为陆战平台交换系统的设计提供了依据。     

The impact of military expenditures on economic growth in the less developed countries∗

This paper presents the results of empirical research on the economic impact of military expenditure — milex — on the less developed countries. The hypothesis is that the impact on growth is a combination of three effects: (1) increased security — positive impact; (2) diversion of resources from productive investment — negative impact; and (3) pressure for more efficient government policies in response to the external threat — positive impact. The combination of these effects would produce a non‐linear relationship with the growth rate at first increasing as milex increased and then decreasing. For the full sample of 71 countries, we found the predicted relationship, however, it is not robust to changes in the sample. The robust conclusion is that there was no evidence of a negative impact of military spending on economic growth.     

Deterrence of Nuclear Terror

Nuclear proliferation, lax security standards in the storage of fissile materials, and international apathy in the prosecution of terrorists make nuclear terror a serious threat to the United States and its allies, yet no doctrine of retaliation has been established. To decrease the probability of terrorist use of nuclear weapons, a doctrine of retaliation—a negligence doctrine—should be considered. If the United States can distinguish whose fissile material was used for a nuclear terror event, a negligence doctrine would prescribe retaliation against that state. Where the proximate cause—terrorists—is unavailable for deterrent retaliation, deterring an accessible mediate cause—a state that has failed to adequately secure its fissile material—is one of a few effective alternatives. In the absence of such a negligence doctrine, the United States and its allies are increasingly vulnerable to a nuclear terror attack and the ensuing negative consequences.     

Russia and Strategic Conventional Weapons:

ABSTRACT

Russian political leaders and military strategists are growing increasingly concerned about “strategic conventional weapons”—a broad category that appears to include all non-nuclear, high-precision, standoff weapons—and about long-range, hypersonic weapons, in particular. These concerns are complex and multifaceted (and, in some cases, contradictory), but chief among them are the beliefs that strategic conventional weapons could prove decisive in a major conflict and that Russia is lagging behind in their development. US programs to develop and acquire such weapons—namely, the Conventional Prompt Global Strike program—are of great concern to Russian strategists, who argue both that the United States seeks such weapons for potential use against Russia—its nuclear forces, in particular—and because strategic conventional weapons are more “usable” than nuclear weapons. Asymmetric responses by Russia include increased reliance on tactical nuclear weapons, efforts to enhance the survivability of its nuclear forces, and investments in air and missile defenses. There is also strong—but not completely conclusive evidence—that Russia is responding symmetrically by attempting to develop a long-range, conventionally armed boost-glide weapon.     

The Practice and Power of Firing Broadsides in British Men of War During the Age of Fighting Sail

The development of naval broadside tactics and practice is discussed. The technology of smooth bore ordnance is examined, with an account of naval gunfiring trials. The fundamental purpose of gunnery at sea — damage to ship structure and casualties sufficient to disable an enemy ship — is reviewed.     

Exploiting the Challenges to Bioweapons Development

ABSTRACT

Widespread and often exaggerated generalizations about the global spread weapons of mass destruction (WMDs) have proven to be not only misleading and technologically naïve, but also unhelpful in formulating effective policies to counter their threat. The new book by George Mason University's Sonia Ben Ouagrham-Gormley dispels the popular narrative that governments and terror groups can easily—and inevitably will—develop WMDs, particularly biological weapons, by exploring the complex external and internal conditions that such programs require, as demonstrated by the Cold War-era biological weapon programs of the superpowers. This empirically grounded and realistic assessment of how states try—and often fail—to develop such programs offers a more reliable basis to craft realistic counterproliferation policies that can elicit international support.     

Civil—military relations in Africa: Navigating uncharted waters

“Perception is a second reality!”

This essay discusses the military as a part of wider society and the interactions between the two. It argues that civil—military relations are complex and not always harmonious. In its focus on Africa, the essay describes some differences in the development of African militaries and civil—military relations on the continent as compared with the West, but argues that the differences are merely a matter of degree. As civil—military relations on the continent have been strongly influenced by its colonial history, which caused fear and even dislike of the colonial military, it still impacts on these relations in the post-colonial era. After examining the relationship between the armed forces, democracy and politics in the politically turbulent African environment, it is concluded that a simplistic definition of civil—military relations is difficult to arrive at. The essay identifies the key principles of democratic civil—military relations and, although admitting that these principles are not always easy to adhere to, argues that as Africa develops civil—military relations, African militaries have moved and will move closer to observing these principles. To enhance this process it is essential for African militaries to include civic education programmes at all levels of education and training in order to gain a better understanding of and commitment to these principles.     

试论张艺谋电影创作的两种修辞艺术

著名导演张艺谋在他的电影创作中运用了两种电影修辞艺术———象征和夸张,大大加强了电影的造型感染力和视觉冲击力,赋于他创造的艺术形象以巨大的丰富性和强烈的独创性。因此,张艺谋影片的象征、夸张两大艺术特点,是引导他的电影走向世界、创造电影神话的重要因素。     

Adaptive forecasting of the size of a work force subject to random withdrawals

Adaptive forecasting procedures are developed for predicting the size of a work force which is subject to random withdrawals. The procedures are illustrated using Marine Corps data in which four stages of service for incoming cohorts are distinguished. Using these data, three forecasting procedures—conditional maximum likelihood estimation of prediction intervals; tolerance intervals; and Bayes prediction intervals—are compared.     

US Advanced Conventional Systems and Conventional Prompt Global Strike Ambitions:

ABSTRACT

The dangers and risks of employing a Conventional Prompt Global Strike (CPGS) capability greatly exceed the benefits. More suitable, if less prompt, alternatives exist to deal with fleeting targets. Even a niche CPGS capability—consisting of approximately twenty systems—carries risks, to say nothing of proposals to develop hundreds or more. Most dangerously, CPGS could stir the pre-emption pot, particularly vis-à-vis states that correctly perceive to be within the gunsights of US CPGS weapons; other states, too, may feel emboldened to emulate this US precedent and undertake their own form of prompt, long-range strike capability. Compressed circumstances surrounding such a scenario could foster unwanted erratic behavior, including the misperception that the threatening missile carries a nuclear weapon. But the true Achilles's heel of the CPGS concept is the unprecedented demands it places on the intelligence community to provide decision makers with “exquisite” intelligence within an hour timeframe. Such compressed conditions leave decision makers with virtually no time to appraise the direct—and potentially unintended—consequences of their actions.     

Scheduling policies for an antiterrorist surveillance system

This article concerns scheduling policies in a surveillance system aimed at detecting a terrorist attack in time. Terrorist suspects arriving at a public area are subject to continuous monitoring, while a surveillance team takes their biometric signatures and compares them with records stored in a terrorist database. Because the surveillance team can screen only one terrorist suspect at a time, the team faces a dynamic scheduling problem among the suspects. We build a model consisting of an M/G/1 queue with two types of customers—red and white—to study this problem. Both types of customers are impatient but the reneging time distributions are different. The server only receives a reward by serving a red customer and can use the time a customer has spent in the queue to deduce its likely type. In a few special cases, a simple service rule—such as first‐come‐first‐serve—is optimal. We explain why the problem is in general difficult and we develop a heuristic policy motivated by the fact that terrorist attacks tend to be rare events. © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Naval Research Logistics, 2009