基于犹豫度特征改进的新的直觉模糊相似度

直觉模糊集之间关系的密切程度可用相似度来度量。近年来提出了多种定义两个直觉模糊集相似度的方法,但这些方法对犹豫度的考虑不够,因而计算出的相似度大多存在反例。依据直觉模糊集信息的波动性和不确定性特征,补充拓展定义了直觉模糊相似度,并基于此给出了直觉模糊相似度的计算公式。最后在人工框架测试集中进行了验证,结果不存在反例。     

改进兼容度极大化模型的效能评估结果融合

评估结果的融合对于提高决策的科学性和可靠性意义重大.传统兼容度极大化模型在进行评估结果融合时,通常默认各种评估结果均正确,但实际情况并非如此.针对传统兼容度极大化模型在融合多种评估结果方面的局限性,提出基于兼容度聚类的改进兼容度极大化模型.试验结果表明该模型相比传统兼容度极大化模型能够更有效地融合多方法的评估结果.     

基于不确定度的ATS评估系统设计与实现

ATS测量结果直接影响信号分析的准确性,保证测量结果的可信度对装备测试及故障诊断具有重要意义.首先以ATS中仪器资源的工作频率为分类原则,在此基础上建立了ATS的低频和高频测试通道模型,然后对测量不确定度理论进行了阐述,并设计了ATS测量不确定度评估系统.最后以万用表通道为例对ATS测量不确定度评定实现予以说明,保证了测量结果的完备性、一致性和可靠性要求.     

集值广义(S)_+型映射之一致极限的广义度理论及其应用

本文构造了集值(S)+型映射之一致极限的广义度,所得结果统一并加强了文献〔1～4〕的相应结果。运用拓扑度方法获得了一些新的满值性定理与某些新的不动点定理。     

一种适用于长基线的改进CIR算法

长基线下,受伪距多径和电离层残差影响,传统的CIR法解算载波相位宽巷模糊度时某些历元无法得到正确的结果,基础载波模糊度的搜索范围也较大。分析了CIR法的模糊度误差,提出了基于载波相位平滑伪距并且消除电离层时延的改进的CIR算法,分析了其误差方差,最后利用Compass系统实测数据对短基线和长基线两种情况下CIR法和改进CIR法的解算结果进行比较。实测数据表明,本文提出的算法能够单历元解算超宽巷模糊度和宽巷模糊度,并且能够大大缩小基础载波模糊度的搜索空间。     

三等量块标准装置不确定度评定

不确定度是测量工作的质量和测量结果可信赖程度和评价。按JJF 1059-1999、GJB 3756-1999标准规定,对我计量站的标准装置不确定度进行了详细分析,并按GJB/J 2749-1996要求对计量标准进行了重复性和稳定性考核以及不确定度的验证,最后给出了计量标准装置不确定度评定。     

电感测微仪检定装置不确定度评定

不确定度是测量工作的质量和测量结果可信赖程度和评价。按JJF 1059-1999、GJB 3756-1999标准规定,对我计量站的标准装置不确定度进行了详细分析,并按GJB/J 2749-1996要求对计量标准进行了重复性和稳定性考核以及不确定度的验证,最后给出了计量标准装置不确定度评定。     

一种基于模糊连接度的区域生长毁伤特征提取算法

针对传统的区域生长算法在提取军事目标毁伤时,不能较好地处理毁伤区域与背景之间的模糊性,生长结果对种子点的选取敏感等问题,提出了一种基于模糊连接度的区域生长算法。算法以模糊连接度作为生长点与种子点相似度的度量,有效地保持了像素之间的模糊性,按照模糊连接度由强至弱的顺序生长,使得生长的结果对种子点的选取不敏感;采用灰度波动控制和USAN面积相结合的方式作为生长准则,在适应目标区域灰度变化的同时得到了较好的边缘定位效果。实验结果证明了算法的有效性。     

一种有效的距离连接选择度估计方法

距离连接在空间数据库中有着广泛的应用,而距离连接的选择度估计是优化距离查询的基础。通过综合分析和比较了现有的选择度估计技术,提出了一种利用米诃夫斯基和与直方图进行距离连接选择度估计的新方法。实验结果证明该种方法能够有效地进行距离连接选择度估计。     

基于不确定语言多属性决策的目标威胁度排序

针对影响不同类目标威胁度的因素建立了目标威胁度指标体系,并在此基础上,利用不确定语言多属性决策模型对不同类目标威胁度进行排序。该方法不仅充分体现了不同类目标威胁度的影响因素,还充分利用了专家和决策人员的经验,能较好地反映现代战场中目标威胁度的实际情况,利于提高智能化程度;模型适应性较强,计算量小,符合军事系统实时性的特殊要求,使评估结果更具有可信性和实用性。     

Helping hands: civil–military cooperation and Italy's military operation abroad

In the Post-Bipolar Era the growing complexity of the military operations requires a new approach for the resolution of international crises. Since the end of the Cold War, peace support operations (PSO) have become the mainstay and principal occupation of most Western armies. At the same time, Italy has been one of the most important actors in such an area. The article focuses on the cooperation between military and civil components (a process called CIMIC) as a key variable in the Italian PSOs. We will analyse in detail the main lessons learned from past military interventions as well as the general context in which new tendencies are taking place. The maintaining of a minimum security frame becomes essential to fulfil activities ‘collateral’ to the mission: reconstructing services and infrastructure, food distribution, water and medication, law and order, de-mining, training of local forces, and supporting local institutions. These are the main tasks to obtain thrust and support from the population.     

用 MATLAB 软件对柴油机带水力测功器系统进行 PID 控制器的设计

运用当前国际上最流行的ＭＡＴＬＡＢ软件及ＳＩＭＵＬＩＮＫ软件包,对８－３００柴油机带水力测功器系统进行了ＰＩＤ控制器的设计及仿真,并分析了仿真结果,最后得出了对实现该系统控制有重要价值的ＰＩＤ控制器．     

网络数据加密方法及应用策略

针对目前网络在人们的日常生活中的应用越来越广泛这种实际情况,介绍一些与网络数据安全有关的知识,对数据加密模型、对称（私用密钥）加密体制、非对称（公开密钥）加密体制等概念及常用算法进行了介绍。通过列举的方法介绍了加密应用中常用的几种技术,得出了XML加密技术在网络加密技术应用中有不可比拟的优势的结论。     

以人为本是我党对人类优秀文化遗产的继承和发展

以人为本,是中国共产党科学发展观的本质和核心,是构建社会主义和谐社会的首要原则。这一思想的形成,是中国共产党对我国古代民本思想的批判继承和科学发展,对近代西方人本思想的批判继承和发展,对马克思主义唯物史观的继承和发展,是中国共产党对国内外社会发展经验教训的科学总结,是中国共产党提高执政能力、领导中国特色社会主义建设、构建社会主义和谐社会的重要理念和指导原则。     

Desert insurgency: lessons from the third Tuareg rebellion

This article provides an in-depth examination and analysis of the 2006–2009 Tuareg rebellion in Mali and Niger. It identifies the underlying reasons behind the rebellion, explores contrasting counter-insurgency (COIN) strategies employed by the two governments, and presents some lessons learned. While both COIN approaches ultimately produced similar peace settlements, the article argues that the Malian strategy of reconciliation combined with the selective use of force was far more effective than the Nigerien iron fist approach at limiting the size and scope of the insurgency and producing a more sustainable peace. It concludes by looking at the role of external actors, particularly the United States, and how the failure to internationalize the conflict was actually more beneficial to the local COIN effort, as well as to the longer strategic interests of the United States in the region.     

Tacit support for terrorism: The rapprochement between the USSR and Palestinian guerrilla organizations following the 1967 war

This article demonstrates the inconsistent and wavering Soviet attitude towards national liberation movements in general and the Palestinian organizations in particular. Until the late 1960s, the Soviets viewed these organizations with suspicion, hesitating to engage in political dialogue with them. However, in the 1970s, political and military events in the region, as well as modifications in the Kremlin's Cold War strategies, led to a general shift towards the Middle East in Soviet foreign policy. Soviet leaders showed increased willingness to provide certain Palestinian organizations with arms with which to conduct terrorist activities against Israeli, pro-Israeli, Jewish and Western targets. The article explores the complex relations between Palestinian organizations and the USSR in the field of international terror. The study also exposes and analyzes the nature and content of Soviet–Palestinian arms dialogues and transactions. It provides clear evidence that Soviet policymakers and other luminaries were fully informed of, and sometimes directly involved in, these transactions and dialogues at the highest levels.     

THE PROHIBITION OF BLINDING AS A METHOD OF WARFARE

Abstract

From the 1982 Maitatsine Uprising to the 2009 Kala Kato Riot, Nigeria has been bedevilled by ethno-religious uprisings with devastating human and material losses. In almost all these crises the police and the military have featured prominently as agencies tasked with the responsibility of maintaining law and order and suppressing insurrection. While it was not alleged that they precipitated some of these risings perhaps in their attempts to stem or nip them in the bud, they have been accused of escalating the conflict either by their slow and inadequate responses, their partisanship and their arbitrary responses, or by their slackness in managing the crises and their aftermath. However, but for their efforts the security basis of the Nigerian state would have been considerably compromised by religious fundamentalism given the level of preparedness of the groups involved, their resistance and, more importantly, the recurrent nature of the uprisings. This article reflects on the management of ethno-religious uprisings in Nigeria by the police and the military. It considers the nature of the security agencies' involvement in the crises and examines the factors both within the agencies and in the larger Nigerian society which have aided or hindered their effective management of the conflicts.     

Colombia: Changing strategy amidst the struggle

From 1965 to the present, Colombia has been confronted by the insurgency of the Revolutionary Armed Forces of Colombia (FARC). The threat reached a new level in 1996 with the advent of mobile warfare, whereby large units sought to neutralize the military in an effort to seize power and institute a Marxist-Leninist regime. Unlike Vietnam, what followed was a regaining of the strategic initiative by the government and a decimation of the insurgent threat. This was accomplished with US assistance but from first to last was driven by Colombian leadership and strategy. The strategy which led to this signal change, ‘Democratic Security’, unfolded under the leadership of President Álvaro Uribe. It was a civil–military partnership, which sought to expand the writ of Colombian democracy to all elements of society. Securing the population provided the shield behind which economic, social, and political life could occur as driven by the will of the people. It was the agreement upon legitimacy as the strategic goal and reform as the route to that goal which allowed the Colombians and the Americans to work so well together.     

Greek Armour at the Tower

In the following short notice, the authors tell the story of the appearance of Classical armour in the Tower Armouries in the early and mid-nineteenth century. In the first part, Malcolm Mercer describes the interest surrounding armour from Cumae and the circumstances of its purchase by the Ordnance Office; while in the second Thom Richardson presents a specialist analysis of this group.     

Cyber sheiks and grassroots jihadis: the war in Syria and the devolution of the Bosnian Salafi communities

ABSTRACT

What was the scope of the Bosnian jihadi participation in the war in Syria? Did the Bosnian volunteers tend to join one particular faction? Why did the Bosnian youngsters decide to join the holy war in the Levant? Was this an organized and hierarchical process or was this a grassroots movement? Last, were all the Salafis in Bosnia supportive of this dynamic or did this process cause internal frictions? These are some of the questions that this research will try to answer.