基于HLA的防区外空面导弹攻防对抗仿真

针对HLA/RTI在接口规范、对象模型模板等关键技术建立分布式仿真平台的复杂性,提出了利用数字武器开发平台进行开发的方法,构建防区外空面导弹攻防对抗系统体系结构,实现了该体系结构联邦成员划分、设计联邦/仿真对象模型表等HLA仿真关键技术,并采用面向对象建模与仿真技术建立了各联邦成员的数学模型.该仿真结果表明,各联邦成员的数学模型与底层支撑环境能够相互分离,仿真模型具有良好的交互性和互操作性,可通过添加或删除联邦成员仿真不同的复杂战场想定,并可作为验证不同算例的仿真平台.     

基于作战仿真的导弹武器系统作战效能评估

针对空空导弹武器系统效能评估问题,提出了基于HLA作战仿真的作战效能评估方法,设计了作战效能评估系统,建立了效能评估指标体系;基于高层体系结构(HLA)设计了空空导弹效能评估仿真系统,给出了基本仿真联邦成员的设计,根据HLA运行机制及效能评估需求,设计了仿真流程图。     

基于HLA/RTI的炮兵指挥系统仿真设计与开发

HLA高级体系结构作为新一代分布式仿真技术标准,解决了仿真系统中的可重用和互操作性问题,在C3I系统仿真领域有着十分广泛的应用。分析了C3I系统仿真的可行性和必要性,简要介绍了HLA高级体系结构的技术规范,提出了一种基于HLA/RTI的能与实践相接的、易于扩展的炮兵指挥系统仿真框架,并依据联邦开发与执行过程模型(FEDEP)给出了该系统的设计与开发过程。     

基于HLA/RUP的舰潜对抗仿真系统框架开发方法

舰潜对抗仿真系统可实现在攻防对抗条件下反潜作战过程的仿真,用于研究反潜作战方法,论证各种反潜武器装备的作战需求.提出了一种基于HLA/RUP的舰潜对抗仿真系统框架的开发方法,设计了基于HLA的舰潜对抗仿真系统的体系结构,给出了运用Rational统一过程(RUP)进行联邦成员开发的3种核心视图.最后,利用Rational Rose实现了框架代码的自动生成,完成了仿真系统框架的开发和实现.     

支持多剧情并发执行的仿真克隆中间件机制研究

仿真克隆可以提高分布式离散事件仿真的效率和并行性,方便快捷地对仿真中的多种可能性进行分析、比较和评估.介绍仿真克隆的相关概念,分析HLA环境下封装式仿真克隆中间件的不足,提出并设计一种支持多剧情并发的拦截式HLA仿真克隆中间件,讨论基于该拦截式仿真克隆中间件的HLA仿真成员体系结构,并对联邦成员的时间延迟性能进行测试,测试结果表明该松耦合结构使联邦成员产生的时间延迟是有限且基本稳定的,基于拦截式仿真克隆中间件方法是可行的.     

HLA的地空导弹模拟训练系统雷达仿真邦元

针对地空导弹武器系统战勤操作训练的需求,将建模与仿真技术引入防空武器系统研究,首先提出了基于HLA(High Level Architecture)的地空导弹模拟训练系统,给出了系统的功能、组成和详细结构。然后基于高层体系结构的仿真框架和面向对象的程序设计思想,对地空导弹模拟训练系统雷达仿真邦员的开发过程进行了深入分析,设计了雷达仿真分系统的联邦架构以及联邦FOM/SOM,最后给出了雷达仿真邦员的仿真主流程。     

基于HLA/RTI的短波跳频仿真系统

新一代的分布式交互仿真标准即高层体系结构/运行时间结构(HLA/RTI),为联邦成员的互操作制定了框架.针对短波环境下跳频通信的仿真应用实例,搭建了短波跳频通信系统联邦模型,展开面向各个联邦成员的具体功能和作用的分析研究,通过信息交互和时间推进策略实现了整个联邦系统进行协调控制和管理,并且验证了仿真系统模型设计的可行性和有效性,为短波跳频系统的实际应用奠定了基础.     

基于HLA炮兵作战指挥视景仿真系统的设计与实现

基于分布交互仿真体系结构和虚拟仿真技术的发展,开发一套基于HLA的炮兵作战指挥仿真训练系统成为可能。介绍了炮兵作战指挥仿真训练系统的总体框架,规划了视景仿真系统的各项功能单元,详细说明了视景仿真系统的联邦设计,并且实现了Vega线程与仿真线程的通信。运行表明,该系统能够演示出仿真的全过程,并且满足系统仿真的实时性要求。     

基于HLA的组网雷达体系对抗仿真系统设计

根据武器装备体系对抗仿真的特点,基于HLA技术讨论了组网雷达体系对抗仿真系统的设计问题。提出了仿真系统设计的总体要求,阐述了HLA的基本思想及联邦设计的模型,分析了仿真系统的体系结构和基本工作过程,突破了仿真系统设计的关键技术,完成了基于HLA的组网雷达体系对抗仿真系统的设计。与传统的实体功能仿真相比,该系统既支持纯数学仿真,又支持半实物注入式仿真,是一个较为通用的组网雷达对抗仿真环境。     

基于HLA的潜艇作战仿真训练系统

潜艇是一个技术密集、功能设备较多,操作战位分散、相互协同要求高的作战整体,其作战仿真训练系统对各仿真部位和控制部位的可重用性和互操作性要求很高,潜艇作为潜艇作战仿真训练系统的核心,其仿真水平的高低将直接影响整个系统的训练效能.为了提高潜艇作战仿真训练系统联邦的可重用性,增强各仿真部位和控制部位的互操作性,构造更为合理的体系结构,结合潜艇部队装备发展和作战训练实际,基于高层体系结构(HLA)机制,重点研究基于HLA的潜艇作战仿真训练系统联邦中潜艇联邦成员的实现问题.     

Putin – the masked nemesis of the strategy of ambiguity

Recent events demonstrate the complex and adaptive approach employed by Russia to reassert influence in Europe. The changing face of Russia’s strategy commenced in 2007 when it launched a crippling cyber-attack against Estonia. This was followed by a large Russian conventional attack against Georgia in 2008, occupying two large areas of the nation. 2014 witnessed the Russian annexation of Crimea where in just a week, Russia seized control of Crimea “without firing a shot.” The annexation of Crimea was rapidly followed by a Russian inspired and led subversive war in eastern Ukraine. The common thread among these diverse Russian operations is its use of ambiguity to confound and confuse decision makers in the West.     

India's counter-insurgency experience: the ‘trust and nurture’ strategy

The Indian Army, a force trained primarily for conventional warfare, has been engaged in internal counter-insurgency operations since the 1950s. Despite such a long innings on a counter-insurgency mode, little attention has been accorded within military circles to doctrinal innovation for waging sub-conventional warfare in India's democratic political context. At best, the Army continues to view counter-insurgency duty as secondary to its primary duty of defending India from external conventional threats. By conceptualizing a counter-insurgency strategy of ‘trust and nurture’, this article aims to fill this critical doctrinal gap in India's military policy. The author argues that a counter-insurgency strategy of ‘trust and nurture’ based on democratic political culture, measured military methods, special counter-insurgency forces, local social and cultural awareness and an integrative nation-building approach will result in positive handling of India's internal security problems. The author utilizes India's counter-insurgency experiences in Assam, Mizoram, Nagaland, Punjab, and Operation ‘Sadhbhavana’ in Jammu and Kashmir as illustrative empirical indicants in order to validate the ‘trust and nurture’ strategy.     

Helping hands: civil–military cooperation and Italy's military operation abroad

In the Post-Bipolar Era the growing complexity of the military operations requires a new approach for the resolution of international crises. Since the end of the Cold War, peace support operations (PSO) have become the mainstay and principal occupation of most Western armies. At the same time, Italy has been one of the most important actors in such an area. The article focuses on the cooperation between military and civil components (a process called CIMIC) as a key variable in the Italian PSOs. We will analyse in detail the main lessons learned from past military interventions as well as the general context in which new tendencies are taking place. The maintaining of a minimum security frame becomes essential to fulfil activities ‘collateral’ to the mission: reconstructing services and infrastructure, food distribution, water and medication, law and order, de-mining, training of local forces, and supporting local institutions. These are the main tasks to obtain thrust and support from the population.     

Terrorism,insurgency, kidnapping,and security in Africa's energy sector

Energy continues to serve as the bedrock of modern economies and the main driver of modern society. For Africa, the production and supply of energy resources such as crude oil, natural gas, uranium, coal, biomass, biofuels and other renewables are an important source of employment, rents, taxes, royalties and profits. This sector brings in several tens of billions of dollars of revenue annually. The production and delivery of such resources, however, depend on critical infrastructures such as pipelines, refineries, processing plants, terminals, rigs, electrical energy pylons, substations, pump stations, vessels, and tankers. These infrastructures have been attacked by terrorists, insurgents, vandals and saboteurs, all of whom see them as targets against which to register their grievances and extract concessions from the state. This paper is a chronological account of some of the documented incidents of terrorism, insurgency, kidnapping, destruction, sabotage, and human casualties suffered in the oil and gas sectors in Africa between 1999 and 2012. It is based on data extracted from the databases of the RAND Database of World Terrorism Incidents and the University of Maryland's Global Terrorism Database (GTD).     

Tacit support for terrorism: The rapprochement between the USSR and Palestinian guerrilla organizations following the 1967 war

This article demonstrates the inconsistent and wavering Soviet attitude towards national liberation movements in general and the Palestinian organizations in particular. Until the late 1960s, the Soviets viewed these organizations with suspicion, hesitating to engage in political dialogue with them. However, in the 1970s, political and military events in the region, as well as modifications in the Kremlin's Cold War strategies, led to a general shift towards the Middle East in Soviet foreign policy. Soviet leaders showed increased willingness to provide certain Palestinian organizations with arms with which to conduct terrorist activities against Israeli, pro-Israeli, Jewish and Western targets. The article explores the complex relations between Palestinian organizations and the USSR in the field of international terror. The study also exposes and analyzes the nature and content of Soviet–Palestinian arms dialogues and transactions. It provides clear evidence that Soviet policymakers and other luminaries were fully informed of, and sometimes directly involved in, these transactions and dialogues at the highest levels.     

A1 Qaeda and the radical Islamic challenge to western strategy

The September 11 global crisis prompted by the attacks on the World Trade Center and the Pentagon raises major questions concerning the nature and trajectory of terrorism in the post-Cold War global order. Hitherto, terrorism has been largely debated by analysts at the level of nation states. Terrorist and insurgent movements have also been largely anchored in nationalist and ethnic power bases even when they have sought to mobilise a transnational ideological appeal on religious or class grounds. There have been a few exceptions to this pattern such as the alliance between the German Baader-Meinhof group and the Japanese Red Army Faction, but even such international alliances as this did not, until at least the 1980s, presage anything like a global terrorist network necessitating a global strategic response. This study examines terrorism and global strategic responses.     

Helping hands: external support for the KNU insurgency in Burma

This article analyses to what extent the Burmese KNU insurgency made use of external support from states, refugees, and diasporas. Based on extensive fieldwork it is concluded that support from neighbouring states and refugees has for years kept the Karen rebellion alive. Western countries perceived forms of resistance to the illegitimate Burmese regime as just and have therefore played a crucial role in the continuation of conflict in Karen State. It is important that policymakers and donors as well as executing organizations continue to reflect critically on the way they exercise their work.     

Reviews

Douglas S. Derrer, We Are All the Target: A Handbook of Terrorism Avoidance and Hostage Survival. Annapolis, MD: US Naval Institute Press, 1992. Pp. x+135, notes, index. $14.95. ISBN 01–55750–150–5

Ian Knight, Zulu: Isandlwana and Rorke's Drift, 22–23 January 1879. London: Windrow & Greene, 1992. Pp.136, 150 illus., incl 8 colour plates, maps, biblio. £35. ISBN 1–872004–23–7

Ian Knight, By the Orders of the Great White Queen: Campaigning in Zululand through the Eyes of the British Soldiers, 1879. London: Greenhill Books and Novato: Presidio Press, 1992. Pp. 272, 17 illus., 1 map. £18.95. ISBN 1–85367–122–3

Manfried Rauchensteiner and Erwin A. Schmidl (eds.), Formen des Krieges: vom Mittelalter zum ‘Low‐intensity’ Conflict’. Graz : Verlag Styria, 1991. Pp.208. DM35. ISBN 3–22–12139–7

Harold J. Kearsley, Maritime Power and the Twenty‐First Century. Dartmouth: Dartmouth Publishing Company, Limited, 1992. Pp.xv + 203, 13 diagrams, index. £32.50. ISBN 1–85521–288–9     

基于GTST-DMLD-ESD的装备RMS建模仿真

装备的RMS是装备的重要设计参数,是影响战备完好和保障能力的关键因素.引入GTST-DMLD作为主要建模工具,建立起装备系统的RMS描述模型,以ESD为补充和扩展,对维修过程进行建模.并以GTST-DMLD-ESD模型作为装备RMS仿真的核心,对装备RMS仿真模型的总体框架进行了研究,并对各模块进行了较为详细的探讨.