基于模糊层次分析法的非致命防暴弹作战效能评估

针对非致命防暴弹作战效能评估的问题,运用模糊理论进行了探索。首先,立足于非致命防暴弹的本质特性,提出了其作战效能评估指标体系。然后,运用层次分析法给指标体系的各因素分配权重,应用模糊理论区分定性指标和定量指标,确定模糊评判矩阵。最后,引入打分法,用加权平均算法来量化作战效能。并通过实例分析给出的非致命防暴弹作战效能的分数值,比较了两种型号种类的非致命防暴弹作战效能的优劣,得出了符合实际情况的结果。     

防暴发射武器系统作战效能评估

防暴发射武器作战效能是反映其作战性能的综合指标之一。为科学合理地评估防暴发射武器作战效能,在分析防暴发射武器的各项战术技术指标的基础上,首先建立了防暴发射武器的作战效能指标体系。其次运用AHP和指数法分别确定了各指标的权重和建立了防暴发射武器系统作战效能的评估模型,并进行评估。根据评估结果对防暴发射武器的优、劣势进行分析,最后给出了提高防暴发射器作战效能的主要措施。研究工作为防暴发射武器的作战运用及性能优化提供了科学指导。     

防暴驱散车的设计研究

根据当前大规模群体性突发事件对驱散装备在作战效能、防护能力、机动性能、勤务性能等方面提出的新要求,探讨研发一种新型防暴驱散车,在其功能设定、方案选择、主战装备等的设计上进行了分析研究,给出了满足使用要求的技术途径和设计方案。     

基于雷达图的防暴武器系统作战效能评估方法

为科学、合理和直观地评估防暴武器系统的作战效能,提出基于雷达图的防暴武器系统作战效能评估方法。建立了防暴武器系统的作战效能指标体系。构造了防暴武器系统的雷达云图。提取雷达图中各指标的扇形面积特征解决传统雷达图法评价结果不唯一的问题,进一步设计防暴武器系统作战效能评价模型。通过实例验证所提评估方法的正确性和合理性。研究工作为防暴武器系统的作战运用及性能优化提供了科学指导。     

非致命防暴动能弹作战效能评估

提出了非致命防暴动能弹作战效能的评估法,分析了非致命防暴动能弹的技术性能,建立了以非致命性为核心指标的防暴动能弹效能指标体系。采用定性分析与定量分析相结合,将集对分析法应用到了非致命防暴动能弹的效能评估中,对3种防暴动能弹进行了效能评估。为非致命防暴动能弹的研发生产提供了重要的理论支撑。     

背负式防暴喷雾驱散器设计中的人机工程学分析

为了提高背负式防暴喷雾驱散器的作战效能,从其作用原理、使用特点、结构组成和喷射机理出发,并结合这种武器的设计依据和所具有的结构功能特点、使用环境因素,分析了该武器设计中人机工程学方面的合理性。总结得出,背负式防暴喷雾驱散器的设计符合人机工程的要求,使人和装备能有效地发挥作用,利于及时安全地处置群体性骚乱事件。     

基于模糊物元分析法的坦克作战效能评估

鉴于坦克作战效能评估中客观存在的不确定性和模糊性,提出了基于改进模糊物元分析方法的坦克作战效能评估模型。该模型在构建坦克作战效能评估指标体系基础上,将层次分析法和熵权法计算出的权重有机组合实现综合赋权,并据此建立坦克作战效能的模糊物元分析评估模型。实例分析表明,所提出的模型便于理解,易于实现,兼顾了主客观因素的影响,评估结果总体反映了坦克作战效能的真实水平,也为其他装甲武器作战效能的科学评估提供新思路。     

无人侦察机作战效能评估模型

以层次分析法为基础,应用模糊评价的方法,综合考虑无人侦察机自身系统以及在作战运用中的多种情况,提出了完整的无人侦察机作战效能评估指标体系.建立了无人侦察机作战效能评估模型,从而实现了无人侦察机作战效能的定量评估,其中效能指标综合计算中融合了层次分析法和模糊系统理论.通过仿真计算,验证了模型的正确性.研究结果避免了复杂推理过程,且计算方便,可用于无人侦察机发展论证及实际作战.     

网络空间信息防御作战指挥效能评估研究

通过对网络空间信息防御作战指挥效能评估需求的详细分析,依据指标体系构建原则和评估影响因素,构建了评估指标体系、评估模型和评估框架。针对传统指挥效能评估方法中出现的参评人员评测随机性、主观不确定性等问题,提出了基于模糊神经网络的网络空间信息防御作战指挥效能评估模型。利用模糊神经网络的自学习、自适应和强容错性等优势优化网络的连接权值和模糊参数,弱化了效能评估中的人为因素。通过仿真实验验证了模型的可行性,为网络空间信息防御作战指挥系统建设提供指导和借鉴。     

舰空导弹模糊加权射击效能评估模型

为了给舰艇防空作战指挥决策提供依据,根据舰空导弹防空作战的特点,借鉴传统的作战效能评估方法,提出了用模型加权射击效能评估的方法来进行舰空导弹防空作战效能评估,建立了舰空导弹模型加权射击效能评估模型,并通过算例说明了作战效能评估中模糊权重的确定方法.提出的方法和建立的模型可作为构建舰艇防空作战指挥决策模型的基础.     

基于灰色层次模型的新型装备战斗力评估

从武警部队武器装备快速形成战斗力的客观需求出发,分析了影响新型装备战斗力生成的关键因素,建立了装备战斗力生成评估指标体系。从装备的质量标准、装备的数量标准、人员与装备的有效结合、装备的综合保障能力、装备的能动性等5个方面进行评估,运用层次分析法以及灰色理论,对装备形成战斗力进行综合评估。并以部队现役某型装甲防暴车为例,通过求解其评估值,证明该方法的可行性,为部队实践和装备战斗力评估提供了参考。     

武器装备体系评价指标系统研究

近年来,武器装备体系研究成了复杂系统问题的一个研究热点,然而对它的评价方法、评价指标等方面的内容还处于争议状态.针对武器装备体系评价指标问题进行了系统分析,提出了建立装备体系评价指标系统的原则;根据原则给出了一个装备体系评价指标系统的框架,并对框架中各个指标的意义进行了说明.而要把这些指标综合起来,即将多指标转化成单指标的问题,就要用到系统效用分析方法,此方法在作者的其他文章中有详细的论述.     

武器系统训练质量综合评估研究

探讨了武器系统训练质量综合评估的方法。综合考虑平时训练成绩和演习考核成绩,从静态和动态2个方面入手分析了武器系统训练质量的影响因素;以某炮兵武器系统为例,建立了综合评估指标体系;运用多级模糊综合评判法实现了对某炮兵武器系统营训练质量的综合评估。     

消防部队参与防暴反恐技术研究

分析了我国面临的反恐形势和消防部队参与防暴、反恐任务的便利条件及存在的问题 ,提出了消防部队研究防暴、反恐技术的技术路线 ,全面提高消防部队处置恐怖袭击事件的快速反应能力。     

INCAPACITATING BIOCHEMICAL WEAPONS

Military interest in incapacitating biochemical weapons has grown in recent years as advances in science and technology have appeared to offer the promise of new “non-lethal” weapons useful for a variety of politically and militarily challenging situations. There is, in fact, a long and unfulfilled history of attempts to develop such weapons. It is clear that advances are opening up a range of possibilities for future biological and chemical weapons more generally. The treaties prohibiting biological and chemical weapons make no distinction between lethal and “non-lethal” weapons—all are equally prohibited. Indeed, a sharp and technically meaningful distinction between lethal and “non-lethal” biological and chemical weapons is beyond the capability of science to make. Thus, interest in incapacitating biochemical weapons, and efforts on the part of various states to develop them, pose a significant challenge to the treaty regimes, to the norms against biological and chemical warfare that they embody, and, ultimately, to the essential protections that they provide. Preventing a new generation of biological and chemical weapons from emerging will take concerted efforts and action at the local, national, and international levels.     

DAR ES SALAAM

Countries in transition often experience increased levels of crime, making their citizens vulnerable to the exploits of criminals. The lack of reliable statistics hampers the development of sound crime reduction strategies. This essay considers the value of victim surveys as additional sources of information to augment official police data. It presents the findings of such a survey undertaken in Dar es Salaam and compares them with findings obtained in similar surveys of Cape Town, Durban, Pretoria and Johannesburg. The information obtained in the survey conducted in Dar es Salaam provides valuable insights into crime rates and patterns. In comparing the results of the survey in Dar es Salaam, some interesting trends emerged around the theft of vehicle parts and vehicle theft, violent crimes, the levels of violence employed in burglaries and the use of weapons. The information gleaned from these surveys will go far in developing crime reduction strategies and measures that will be effective and appropriately targeted.     

深弹武器系统效能分析

针对火箭深弹反潜武器系统的组成及其特点,运用可靠性理论和效能评估理论分析系统的作战效能.利用随机过程理论中的马尔可夫过程理论,采用美国工业武器系统效能咨询委员会(WSEIAC)提出的ADC效能模型,建立了系统的效能评估模型.借助Matlab工具对该效能模型进行了仿真研究,经对仿真结果分析后表明,该模型能较符合实际地反映系统各组成要素性能对系统总体效能的影响,较好地满足系统效能评价的需求,有助于系统装备的研制和战术使用决策.     

Exploiting the Challenges to Bioweapons Development

ABSTRACT

Widespread and often exaggerated generalizations about the global spread weapons of mass destruction (WMDs) have proven to be not only misleading and technologically naïve, but also unhelpful in formulating effective policies to counter their threat. The new book by George Mason University's Sonia Ben Ouagrham-Gormley dispels the popular narrative that governments and terror groups can easily—and inevitably will—develop WMDs, particularly biological weapons, by exploring the complex external and internal conditions that such programs require, as demonstrated by the Cold War-era biological weapon programs of the superpowers. This empirically grounded and realistic assessment of how states try—and often fail—to develop such programs offers a more reliable basis to craft realistic counterproliferation policies that can elicit international support.     

Controlling Novichoks after Salisbury: revising the Chemical Weapons Convention schedules

ABSTRACT

Novichok agents are a class of nerve agents developed by the Soviet Union during the Cold War. In light of the use of a Novichok agent in Salisbury in March 2018, two sets of proposals to amend Schedule 1 of the 1993 Chemical Weapons Convention (CWC) have been put forth, one jointly by the United States, Canada, and the Netherlands, and the other by Russia. Both sets of proposals will be discussed and voted upon at the next Conference of States Parties of the Organisation for the Prohibition of Chemical Weapons (OPCW) in November 2019. If either set of proposals is approved, it will be the first time that the list of chemicals subject to verification under the CWC will have been modified. This viewpoint will discuss these proposals, and argue that, if adopted, the joint proposal and the portions of the Russian proposal upon which consensus can be reached would significantly strengthen the CWC by considerably expanding the coverage of its Schedule 1 and bringing Novichok agents firmly within the CWC’s verification system. We also argue that, since the OPCW Technical Secretariat did not deem the fifth group of chemicals proposed by Russia to meet the criteria for inclusion in Schedule 1, Russia should withdraw this part of its proposal from consideration. The proposals have also served an important purpose in clarifying the identity of the chemical agent used in the Salisbury incident, squarely placing it within one of the two families of Novichok agents described by the Russian chemical-weapons scientist and whistleblower Vil Mirzayanov. If either proposal is approved in November, it will be important to conduct a thorough assessment of key precursors for the synthesis of Novichok agents and assess the need to amend CWC schedules and national and multinational export-control lists accordingly.