Banach空间中含Lipschitz强增生 算子的算子方程之构造可解性

设X为实一致光滑Banach空间 ,A :X→X为Lipschitz强增生算子 ,设L≥ 1和k∈( 0 ,1)分别为A的Lipschitz常数与强增生常数。设 {tn}n≥ 0 为 ( 0 ,1]中的实数列满足条件 :(i)tn→ 0 (n→∞ ) ;(ii)∑∞n =0 tn=∞ , f∈X , x0 ∈X ,迭代地定义序列 {xn}n≥ 0如下 :( )　　xn 1 =xn-tn(Axn- f) ,n≥ 0 .则 {xn}n≥ 0 强收敛于方程Ax =f的唯一解 ,而且对充分大的n≥n0 ,‖Axn- f‖ ≤ exp{-k∑n- 1j=n0tj}‖Axn0 - f‖　　一个相关的结果研究含强伪压缩映象的方程Tx =x的构造可解性。     

极大单调算子零点的逼近问题

设H为实Hilbert空间,C为H的非空闭凸子集,T:C→2H为极大单调算子,假设S(T)={x∈H:0∈Tx}≠Φ。 xk∈H,βk>0,求 xk及ek满足( )　　xk+ek∈ xk+βkT( xk),‖ek‖≤ηk‖xk- xk‖, k≥0,其中,ηk≥0,supk>0ηk<1,βk≥β>0。设PC:H→C为H到C上的最近点投影算子,定义xk+1=PC( xk-ek),k≥0,证明了若T满足(S)型条件,则{xk}k≥0强收敛于T的某个零点。     

由方阵范数导出的向量范数

如果在Ｃ＾ｎ＊ｎ上定义了方阵范数‖Ａ‖,那么借助一个Ｃ＾ｎ中的非零向量α,可以在Ｃ＾ｎ上定义一定向量范数‖ｘ‖α,使得它与给定的方阵范数‖Ａ‖相容,在一些常见的情形下,得到了这种向量范数的计算公式。     

奇型抛物问题的有限元误差估计

本文引入带权的 Sobolev 空间,讨论了奇型线性问题:(?)((?)u)/((?)t)-1/x~(?)(x~aa(x)u′)′=f(t,x) (x,t)∈1×J(?)/((?)x)u(t,0)=u(t,1)=0 t∈Ju(0,x)=φ(x) x∈I式中 I=(0,1),J=[0,T],0<α<3的有限元方法,并在适当条件下,给出了最佳估计:‖u_(?)-u‖_(0,2,a)≤ch~2{‖φ‖_(2,2,a)+[integral 0 to t (‖u‖~2_(2,2,a)+‖u_(?)‖~2_(2,2,a)dt]~(1/2)}‖u_(?)-u‖_(1,2,a)≤ch~2{‖φ‖_(2,2,a)+[integral 0 to t (‖u‖~2_(2,2,a)+‖u_(?)‖~2_(2,2,a)dt]~(1/2)}     

关于强增生算子的非线性方程迭代解

利用两种迭代法(Mann和Ishikawa)给出了非线性方程Tx=f解的逼近。     

PPy@Ti3C2Tx@rGO复合材料吸波性能研究

为了进一步改善电磁波吸收材料的阻抗匹配特性,提高吸波性能,利用原位聚合法和水热法合成PPy@Ti3C2Tx@rGO气凝胶三元复合材料.通过增加PPy@Ti3C2Tx二元复合材料的配比调节rGO的高介电性能,增加复合材料电磁波损耗机制,提高材料吸波性能.结果表明,当PPy@Ti3C2Tx二元材料与GO的配比为2∶1时,P...     

三角形线元的渐近展开与外推

本文通过正则坐标变换,把光滑域上的有限元解的误差估计转化为正六边形域上6PC剖分下的误差估计。在适当的条件下给出了三角形线元解的渐近展开式(u—u_h)(z)=c(u)h~2+o(h~3|lnh|)及外推估计式‖u-u_h‖_(0,2,M~h)=o(h~3|lnh|)。     

关于算子方程Tx=y扰动分析的一些结果

在Banach空间中给出了一种相容算子方程解的误差估计 ,推广了矩阵扰动分析中的相应结果 .此外 ,利用Hilbert空间中算子M -P广义逆与算子的约化极小模之间的关系 ,给出了一些估计式 ,这些估计式对于分析不相容算子方程Tx =y的极小范数最小二乘解的扰动误差是有用的     

Hilbert空间极大单调算子零点的逼近问题

设H为实Hilbert空间,C为H的非空闭凸子集,T:C→2H为极大单调算子,假设S(T)={X∈H:O∈Tx}≠Φ。求xk及ek满足设Pc:H→C为H到C上的最近点投影算子,定义证明了Hilbert空间中由上式产生的序列{xk}k≥0弱收敛于T的某个零点。     

乙炔的爆炸危险性

乙炔是一种无色略带醚味的气体,市售乙炔因含有PH_3、H_2S和NH_3等杂质而略带大蒜味。乙炔分子式为C_2H_2,结构式为HC≡CH,碳碳叁键中有一个σ键。两个‖键。乙炔化学性质活泼,溶点为-81.8℃。乙炔常用作焊接,切割的气源和制造氯乙炔、合成橡胶、丙烯酸酯等产品的化工原料,易爆炸,在储运中有着特殊的消防安全要求。     

Putin – the masked nemesis of the strategy of ambiguity

Recent events demonstrate the complex and adaptive approach employed by Russia to reassert influence in Europe. The changing face of Russia’s strategy commenced in 2007 when it launched a crippling cyber-attack against Estonia. This was followed by a large Russian conventional attack against Georgia in 2008, occupying two large areas of the nation. 2014 witnessed the Russian annexation of Crimea where in just a week, Russia seized control of Crimea “without firing a shot.” The annexation of Crimea was rapidly followed by a Russian inspired and led subversive war in eastern Ukraine. The common thread among these diverse Russian operations is its use of ambiguity to confound and confuse decision makers in the West.     

India's counter-insurgency experience: the ‘trust and nurture’ strategy

The Indian Army, a force trained primarily for conventional warfare, has been engaged in internal counter-insurgency operations since the 1950s. Despite such a long innings on a counter-insurgency mode, little attention has been accorded within military circles to doctrinal innovation for waging sub-conventional warfare in India's democratic political context. At best, the Army continues to view counter-insurgency duty as secondary to its primary duty of defending India from external conventional threats. By conceptualizing a counter-insurgency strategy of ‘trust and nurture’, this article aims to fill this critical doctrinal gap in India's military policy. The author argues that a counter-insurgency strategy of ‘trust and nurture’ based on democratic political culture, measured military methods, special counter-insurgency forces, local social and cultural awareness and an integrative nation-building approach will result in positive handling of India's internal security problems. The author utilizes India's counter-insurgency experiences in Assam, Mizoram, Nagaland, Punjab, and Operation ‘Sadhbhavana’ in Jammu and Kashmir as illustrative empirical indicants in order to validate the ‘trust and nurture’ strategy.     

An Unlikely Alliance: Portuguese and South African Airpower in Angola, 1968–1974

The war that Portugal was obliged to fight in Africa began in 1961 and immediately stretched the resources of its armed forces. Nowhere was this thinness more apparent than in policing the vast territory of Angola. The east and southeast of Angola were particularly vulnerable, as the area was a vast, sparsely populated region characterised by enormous featureless plains or chanas covered in tall grass and broken by an extensive river system and mountainous forests. The only military solution to policing these immense spaces was aviation and specifically the helicopter that could carry troops into battle, protect them with a gunship and bring them home when the operation was concluded. The immediate problem for the Portuguese Air Force (Força Aérea Portuguesa or FAP) in Angola and elsewhere was a scarcity of helicopters. The solution was an alliance with South Africa, which had a strong inventory of Alouette IIIs, to help in policing the east. This move was likewise in the interest of South Africa, as its threat came from Zambia through south-eastern Angola. This article examines the strategic and tactical development of this unusual, cross-cultural alliance and the symbiotic relationship that resulted in destruction of the enemies of both in Angola.     

国内外结构钢焊条研究的现状与发展

本文主要介绍了国外焊条的现状和发展趋势,包括焊条的高韧性、高效率、低尘低毒和耐吸潮性能,为国内的焊条研究提供了参考依据。     

A Sign of Victory?: ‘Scottish Swords’ and Other Weapons in the Possession of the ‘Auld Innemie’

Many late medieval documents, notably inventories of arms and armour, of Englishmen contain references to ‘Scottish swords’ and other weapons. What did the compilers of these documents mean when they described a weapon as ‘Scottish’? How did such weapons come to be in the possession of these men? This article will attempt to explain this phenomenon drawing on primary documentary sources and surviving material culture from Glasgow Museums’ collections and others, as well as artworks from the period.     

Helping hands: civil–military cooperation and Italy's military operation abroad

In the Post-Bipolar Era the growing complexity of the military operations requires a new approach for the resolution of international crises. Since the end of the Cold War, peace support operations (PSO) have become the mainstay and principal occupation of most Western armies. At the same time, Italy has been one of the most important actors in such an area. The article focuses on the cooperation between military and civil components (a process called CIMIC) as a key variable in the Italian PSOs. We will analyse in detail the main lessons learned from past military interventions as well as the general context in which new tendencies are taking place. The maintaining of a minimum security frame becomes essential to fulfil activities ‘collateral’ to the mission: reconstructing services and infrastructure, food distribution, water and medication, law and order, de-mining, training of local forces, and supporting local institutions. These are the main tasks to obtain thrust and support from the population.     

Terrorism,insurgency, kidnapping,and security in Africa's energy sector

Energy continues to serve as the bedrock of modern economies and the main driver of modern society. For Africa, the production and supply of energy resources such as crude oil, natural gas, uranium, coal, biomass, biofuels and other renewables are an important source of employment, rents, taxes, royalties and profits. This sector brings in several tens of billions of dollars of revenue annually. The production and delivery of such resources, however, depend on critical infrastructures such as pipelines, refineries, processing plants, terminals, rigs, electrical energy pylons, substations, pump stations, vessels, and tankers. These infrastructures have been attacked by terrorists, insurgents, vandals and saboteurs, all of whom see them as targets against which to register their grievances and extract concessions from the state. This paper is a chronological account of some of the documented incidents of terrorism, insurgency, kidnapping, destruction, sabotage, and human casualties suffered in the oil and gas sectors in Africa between 1999 and 2012. It is based on data extracted from the databases of the RAND Database of World Terrorism Incidents and the University of Maryland's Global Terrorism Database (GTD).     

Cyberpower in Strategic Affairs: Neither Unthinkable nor Blessed

Abstract

This article explores the effect of connectivity on strategic affairs. It argues that the effect on war's character is potentially, although not yet shown in practice, considerably large. Its effect upon the distribution of power among states in the international system is small, contrary to the claims of ‘cyberwar’ alarmists. All told, however, its effect upon strategic affairs is complex. On the one hand, it represents a significant advance in the ‘complexification’ of state strategies, understood in the sense of the production of intended effects. On the other hand, strategists today – still predominantly concerned with the conflicts and confrontations of states and organised military power – are generally missing the power which non-traditional strategic actors, better adapted to the network flows of the information age, are beginning to deploy. These new forms of organization and coercion will challenge the status quo.