超宽带电磁脉冲对无线电引信辐照效应研究

为了研究无线电引信在强电磁环境下的安全性和可靠性,利用频带很宽的超宽带电磁脉冲（UWB）源对某型无线电引信系统进行了辐照实验。对不同姿态的无线电引信系统的UWB辐照试验表明,当无线电引信系统的轴线方向与超宽带辐射场极化方向一致时,电磁能量耦合最强,最易于受到超宽带电磁辐射场的干扰;在无线电引信系统不加电情况下,UWB辐照基本不会使无线电引信起爆,也不会对其产生明显影响;但是较强的UWB辐射场会使处于加电工作状态下无线电引信意外起爆,但经过辐照后整个无线电引信系统内在性能参数不会产生明显变化。     

等幅分米波对无线电引信的辐照效应研究

分析了无线电引信电磁环境效应研究的重要性,给出了研究所需的实验设备和实验方法,选择某型集成电路分米波无线电近炸引信,从勤务处理状态和工作状态两个方面,研究了无线电引信的等幅分米波辐照效应,确定了被试无线电引信的等幅分米波辐照干扰阈值以及干扰阈值随辐照频率的变化规律,分析了等幅分米波对无线电引信的能量耦合途径。     

无线电引信超宽带电磁脉冲效应研究

利用超宽带(UWB)电磁脉冲发生器对不同姿态的某型无线电引信进行了超宽带电磁脉冲辐照实验研究。实验表明:电点火头本身在UWB辐照下是安全的,当超宽带电磁脉冲峰峰值场强达到106 kV/m时,在引信加电工作情况下可以使实验引信全部引爆;此外,引信-弹体自身等效天线长度增加会导致无线电引信超宽带电磁脉冲效应更加明显。     

超宽谱电磁脉冲对无线电引信的辐照效应和防护加固研究

利用超宽谱电磁脉冲(UW S-EMP)源对无线电引信进行辐照,辐照结果表明:超宽谱电磁脉冲不能使勤务状态下的引信意外发火,但是可以使待发状态下的引信意外发火;在辐照实验的基础上分析了超宽谱电磁脉冲与无线电引信的耦合模式和作用机理,分析得出:超宽谱电磁脉冲主要是通过后门耦合到引信电源模块,引起电源波动,使晶闸管意外导通,导致引信意外发火。根据耦合模式和作用机理对引信进行了防护加固,并对防护加固后的引信进行了辐照和仿真,结果说明:防护加固措施大大提高了引信抗超宽谱电磁脉冲的能力。     

无线电引信扫频波辐照效应及作用机理研究

介绍无线电引信扫频波辐照试验系统,在引信本振频率外较宽范围内,对某型引信进行扫频波辐照试验,结果表明：扫频波辐照能使无线电引信误炸,扫频频段不同,误炸干扰阈值不同;扫频步长、频点驻留时间与引信误炸密切相关,但不会影响引信误炸干扰阈值。其作用机理是：扫频波辐照导致引信自差机振荡状态跃变,引信高频电路输出方波脉冲串,推动执行级误动作使引信误炸。     

大炸高频率捷变无线电引信的研究

分析了现代战争对无线电引信炸高提出的新要求,提出了一种采用频率捷变体制的大炸高无线电引信的设计方案,采用了软件无线电的设计思想,使引信具有软件可编程能力,提高了引信对战场环境的适应能力和抗干扰能力。在多工作频点捷变的基础上提出一种多频脉冲联合比相测距算法,利用回波相位差实现了引信炸高的测量。最后的算法仿真结果验证了这种基于频率捷变的大炸高无线电引信体制的可行性。     

某型无线电引信炸高贮存可靠性研究

阐述了无线电引信炸高可靠度的估计方法,用某型无线电引信的射击试验数据计算出炸高可靠度,通过回归建立起炸高贮存可靠度数学模型,并利用数学模型对各贮存年限的炸高可靠度进行预测。     

舰炮对空射击无线电近炸引信作用范围定量分析

舰炮对空射击时,对无线电近炸引信作用范围的研究,是评估装有无线电引信炮弹射击效能的基础.为探索舰炮对空射击时,无线电近炸引信的作用规律,在深入分析无线电近炸引信动作特点的基础上,采取定量分析的方法,研究了无线电近炸引信的作用机理.为定量分析无线电近炸引信的作用范围和评估装有无线电引信炮弹的射击效能提供科学的方法和手段.     

超宽谱电磁脉冲与无线电引信能量耦合因素的研究

通过超宽谱对配用不同弹体的无线电引信的辐照,分析了不同弹体以及配用某种弹体的引信不同放置方向对超宽谱电磁脉冲与无线电引信能量耦合的影响,并分析了弹体大小对能量耦合的影响。通过辐照、分析和计算最终得出:弹体是影响能量耦合的主要因素。弹体口径越大,超宽谱电磁脉冲与无线电引信的耦合能量越大。另外,配用弹体引信的不同放置方向也是影响能量耦合的重要因素;配用弹体的引信竖直放置时,超宽谱电磁脉冲与无线电引信的耦合能量最大。     

库存近炸引信电性能仿真测试方法综述

针对库存引信测试的特点,介绍了国内外无线电近炸引信和电容近炸引信仿真测试的方法,分析了库存近炸引信的适用测试方法。最后,对近炸引信测试的发展趋势进行了论述,提出了库存近炸引信通用测试系统的设计方法。     

Reviews

Douglas S. Derrer, We Are All the Target: A Handbook of Terrorism Avoidance and Hostage Survival. Annapolis, MD: US Naval Institute Press, 1992. Pp. x+135, notes, index. $14.95. ISBN 01–55750–150–5

Ian Knight, Zulu: Isandlwana and Rorke's Drift, 22–23 January 1879. London: Windrow & Greene, 1992. Pp.136, 150 illus., incl 8 colour plates, maps, biblio. £35. ISBN 1–872004–23–7

Ian Knight, By the Orders of the Great White Queen: Campaigning in Zululand through the Eyes of the British Soldiers, 1879. London: Greenhill Books and Novato: Presidio Press, 1992. Pp. 272, 17 illus., 1 map. £18.95. ISBN 1–85367–122–3

Manfried Rauchensteiner and Erwin A. Schmidl (eds.), Formen des Krieges: vom Mittelalter zum ‘Low‐intensity’ Conflict’. Graz : Verlag Styria, 1991. Pp.208. DM35. ISBN 3–22–12139–7

Harold J. Kearsley, Maritime Power and the Twenty‐First Century. Dartmouth: Dartmouth Publishing Company, Limited, 1992. Pp.xv + 203, 13 diagrams, index. £32.50. ISBN 1–85521–288–9     

Panjwai: a tale of two COINs in Afghanistan

The US Army has two approaches to counterinsurgency operations in Afghanistan. One is hard, or combat-focused, and the other is soft, or development-focused. This study examines two US Army task forces deployed to Panjwai District, Afghanistan from 2012 to 2013. CTF 4-9 and 1-38 offer a meaningful comparison because they pursued these contrasting approaches among the same population and against the same enemy at the same time and place. The study compares each unit’s approach and finds that neither approach was successful absent the other. The article concludes by recommending further research into combining the approaches at the operational level.     

线性核时频信号表示及其仿真

根据ｃｈｉｒｐ信号在模糊域的特点,本文提出了线性核时频表示方法。这种方法在提高分辨率、消除交叉项以及抑制噪声等方面都具有较高的性能。理论分析和实验结果都证实了这种方法的有效性     

Putin – the masked nemesis of the strategy of ambiguity

Recent events demonstrate the complex and adaptive approach employed by Russia to reassert influence in Europe. The changing face of Russia’s strategy commenced in 2007 when it launched a crippling cyber-attack against Estonia. This was followed by a large Russian conventional attack against Georgia in 2008, occupying two large areas of the nation. 2014 witnessed the Russian annexation of Crimea where in just a week, Russia seized control of Crimea “without firing a shot.” The annexation of Crimea was rapidly followed by a Russian inspired and led subversive war in eastern Ukraine. The common thread among these diverse Russian operations is its use of ambiguity to confound and confuse decision makers in the West.     

Forecasting a Hurricane: Israeli and American Estimations of the Khomeini Revolution

The surprising ‘Arab Spring’ raises the question as to what would enable national intelligence to provide high quality warnings prior to the eruption of popular revolutions. This article uses new sources of evidence to trace and explain Israel's success in comparison to US failure at correctly estimating the course of the Iranian Revolution in 1977–79. In explaining this variance, the article shows that it was mainly the result of the intimate acquaintance of Israel's representatives in Iran with the local language, history and culture, as well as the ability to communicate with locals – tools which the Americans completely lacked.     

关于教师继续教育培训模式的思考

继续教育作为终身教育的重要组成部分和基本形式,对教师的发展成长意义重大。继续教育工作开展十多年来,取得了一定的成绩,但还存在不少问题,如学习动机较为被动,管理认识不到位,教学内容陈旧空泛,教学方法呆板机械等。随着课程改革的不断深入,继续教育必须采取相应的改进措施,树立以人为本,服务至上的观点,教学内容的前瞻性与实用性并重,教学人员进行整合,教学方法灵活多样,评价考核规范科学等,以此激活受训教师内在的学习动机,更大程度地提高继续教育培训的实际效果。     

用DirectShow实现网络视频

目前市场上的网络监控技术一般用昂贵的硬件设备来支撑,投资较大。在深入研究微软的DirectX9.0的基础上,提出如何用DirectShow软件技术和普通的数字摄像头来实现网络视频的监控和实现技术,内容涉及通信协议、视频的编码与解码技术、视频的编码格式和COM组件编程技术等,最终的实验结果令人满意,且费用低廉,技术可靠,为在高速局域网内构建视频监控系统提供有效的技术支持。     

Interpreting the Ribchester Helmet

In 1796 a 13-year-old boy playing on wasteland behind his father’s house in Ribchester, Lancashire discovered an assemblage of over 30 Roman artefacts, including a decorated brass helmet. Although partially corroded the Ribchester helmet is a fine example of a first-century AD cavalry sports helmet. This article considers how the interpretation of the helmet has evolved since its discovery. The multi-faceted iconography of the helmet with its mural crown diadem is that of an elite soldier and is paralleled in other examples of cavalry sports helmets of the Ribchester type. The long-neglected imagery on the helmet bowl is reinterpreted and seen not as a haphazard collection of randomly placed combatants but as a highly structured, symmetrical composition specifically designed to be viewed from different directions.     

Desert insurgency: lessons from the third Tuareg rebellion

This article provides an in-depth examination and analysis of the 2006–2009 Tuareg rebellion in Mali and Niger. It identifies the underlying reasons behind the rebellion, explores contrasting counter-insurgency (COIN) strategies employed by the two governments, and presents some lessons learned. While both COIN approaches ultimately produced similar peace settlements, the article argues that the Malian strategy of reconciliation combined with the selective use of force was far more effective than the Nigerien iron fist approach at limiting the size and scope of the insurgency and producing a more sustainable peace. It concludes by looking at the role of external actors, particularly the United States, and how the failure to internationalize the conflict was actually more beneficial to the local COIN effort, as well as to the longer strategic interests of the United States in the region.