爆磁压缩发生器延时控制系统的分析与改进

延时控制系统是保证爆磁压缩发生器运行的关键部件,介绍了传统平板型开关延时控制系统的工作机制,分析了其优缺点。在此基础上,通过理论和实验研究,对平板型开关延时控制系统进行了改进,采用固化的同轴式导爆索接通开关,提出了一种符合爆磁压缩发生器工作要求的同轴型开关延时控制系统,测量了导爆索的爆速和固化开关的导通时间,并在爆磁压缩实验中对该延时控制系统的性能进行了验证。     

螺旋形爆炸磁压缩发生器

为了得到高电压的输出,从爆炸磁通量压缩发生器的工作原理入手,在单端起爆装置的基础上,设计了一种两端起爆的螺旋形爆磁发生器,并给出了实验结果和分析。     

柱锥级联型爆磁压缩发生器的实验研究

研究了柱锥级联型爆磁压缩发生器。给出了主要实验结果。发生器的负载是3.5μH,最大电流是55.8KA,上升前沿是14.3μs,电压为30.5KV。平均电流放大倍数是6.4。     

四种螺线管型爆磁压缩发生器的实验研究

实验研究了四种螺线管型爆磁压缩发生器,给出了其主要实验结果和结论。     

金属化聚丙烯膜脉冲电容器过载特性

脉冲电容器作为爆磁压缩激励电流源的储能元件之一,通常要求单次可靠运行。正是由于单次运行,为脉冲电容器的过载工作提供了极大的可能。过载工作的电容器与额定电容器相比具有体积小、重量轻的优点,可实现爆磁压缩激励电流源的紧凑化。研究了不同温度下国产金属化聚丙烯膜脉冲电容器的过载特性,如过载运行的储能密度,放电电流及可靠度等。实验表明:在-45℃~60℃范围内过载运行这种电容器,其储能密度可达额定储能密度的1.8倍,同时在0.95的置信水平下,其过载运行的可靠度单侧置信下限为0.9,可以实现稳定可靠运行。     

金属化聚丙烯膜脉冲电容器过载特性研究*

脉冲电容器作为爆磁压缩激励电流源的储能元件之一,通常要求单次可靠运行。正是由于单次运行,为脉冲电容器的过载工作提供了极大的可能。过载工作的电容器与额定电容器相比具有体积小、重量轻的优点,可实现爆磁压缩激励电流源的紧凑化。本文研究了不同温度下国产金属化聚丙烯膜脉冲电容器的过载特性,如过载运行的储能密度,放电电流及可靠度等。实验表明：在-45℃~60℃范围内过载运行这种电容器,其储能密度可达额定储能密度的1.8倍,同时在0.95的置信水平下,其过载运行的可靠度单侧置信下限为0.9,可以实现稳定可靠运行。     

水下高重频距离选通成像雷达同步控制器设计

设计了一种信号延时和宽度大范围精确可调的同步控制器,以产生水下高重频距离选通成像雷达中ICCD同步门控信号。该同步控制器由光电-模数转换电路和门控信号发生器两部分组成,其中光电-模数转换电路可实现激光脉冲信号的采集和模数转换;门控信号发生器基于FPGA内部计数器构建了信号时域参数粗调模块,并采用时钟延时芯片组成了信号时域参数精调模块。实验测量表明:该同步控制器输出信号能达到10ps的理论控制精度和100μs以上的控制范围,信号沿抖动约为0.5ns。     

侵爆战斗部对桥梁结构及桥面目标的毁伤研究

为获取侵爆战斗部终点弹道参数对桥梁以及桥面目标损伤效应的影响规律,建立战斗部侵彻桥梁并起爆的整个过程非线性动力学仿真模型,分析不同侵彻速度与不同引爆延时下桥梁产生的裂纹、结构失效分布以及桥面冲击波的传播规律。研究结果表明：基于桥梁失效分布计算了桥梁损伤后的抗弯能力,侵彻速度为800 m/s时采取1.95～2.95 ms的延时引爆可以使箱梁抗弯能力达到最低;延时14.95 ms引爆可以使最大长度的桥墩混凝土崩落,承载能力最低。基于冲击波超压对目标的损伤判据,侵彻速度为800 m/s时采取0.95 ms左右的延时引爆可以在爆心半径3 m范围内重伤或致死桥面人员,装甲车辆受到轻度或中等破坏。研究成果可为侵爆战斗部侵彻速度及引爆时间合理设置,为增大桥梁损伤程度提供参考。     

新型爆磁压缩脉冲功率调制电路

爆磁压缩发生器一般具有较低阻抗,在驱动较高阻抗负载时需要脉冲功率调制电路。传统的脉冲功率调制电路需要脉冲变压器,体积庞大,若其后再采用传输线作中间电容储能,尽管输出波形有改善,但体积更大。提出一种无需脉冲变压器,把传输线当作电感储能元件的功率调制电路。该方案具有电路结构简单、体积紧凑、绝缘压力小等优点。文中同时给出了电路的仿真结果。该功率调制方案将使爆磁压缩的应用更加广泛。     

基于FPGA的引信安全与起爆控制电路设计

针对现代武器对弹药毁伤效能的要求和引信小型化、智能化的技术要求,从安全性、稳定性和小型化3个方面考虑,基于国产FPGA芯片设计了一种具有防差错功能的小型化引信安全与起爆控制电路。该电路可以按引信触发、近炸和延期作用方式给出相应控制信号,可根据目标区信息和弹道信息利用数字信号进行灵活控制,采用LVDS协议与上位机进行信息交互。最后利用Modelsim仿真软件验证了电路逻辑时序正常。安全与解除保险功能试验和起爆功能试验结果表明了该电路能够安全可靠地解除保险和实现多功能起爆。     

Reviews

Douglas S. Derrer, We Are All the Target: A Handbook of Terrorism Avoidance and Hostage Survival. Annapolis, MD: US Naval Institute Press, 1992. Pp. x+135, notes, index. $14.95. ISBN 01–55750–150–5

Ian Knight, Zulu: Isandlwana and Rorke's Drift, 22–23 January 1879. London: Windrow & Greene, 1992. Pp.136, 150 illus., incl 8 colour plates, maps, biblio. £35. ISBN 1–872004–23–7

Ian Knight, By the Orders of the Great White Queen: Campaigning in Zululand through the Eyes of the British Soldiers, 1879. London: Greenhill Books and Novato: Presidio Press, 1992. Pp. 272, 17 illus., 1 map. £18.95. ISBN 1–85367–122–3

Manfried Rauchensteiner and Erwin A. Schmidl (eds.), Formen des Krieges: vom Mittelalter zum ‘Low‐intensity’ Conflict’. Graz : Verlag Styria, 1991. Pp.208. DM35. ISBN 3–22–12139–7

Harold J. Kearsley, Maritime Power and the Twenty‐First Century. Dartmouth: Dartmouth Publishing Company, Limited, 1992. Pp.xv + 203, 13 diagrams, index. £32.50. ISBN 1–85521–288–9     

Panjwai: a tale of two COINs in Afghanistan

The US Army has two approaches to counterinsurgency operations in Afghanistan. One is hard, or combat-focused, and the other is soft, or development-focused. This study examines two US Army task forces deployed to Panjwai District, Afghanistan from 2012 to 2013. CTF 4-9 and 1-38 offer a meaningful comparison because they pursued these contrasting approaches among the same population and against the same enemy at the same time and place. The study compares each unit’s approach and finds that neither approach was successful absent the other. The article concludes by recommending further research into combining the approaches at the operational level.     

线性核时频信号表示及其仿真

根据ｃｈｉｒｐ信号在模糊域的特点,本文提出了线性核时频表示方法。这种方法在提高分辨率、消除交叉项以及抑制噪声等方面都具有较高的性能。理论分析和实验结果都证实了这种方法的有效性     

Putin – the masked nemesis of the strategy of ambiguity

Recent events demonstrate the complex and adaptive approach employed by Russia to reassert influence in Europe. The changing face of Russia’s strategy commenced in 2007 when it launched a crippling cyber-attack against Estonia. This was followed by a large Russian conventional attack against Georgia in 2008, occupying two large areas of the nation. 2014 witnessed the Russian annexation of Crimea where in just a week, Russia seized control of Crimea “without firing a shot.” The annexation of Crimea was rapidly followed by a Russian inspired and led subversive war in eastern Ukraine. The common thread among these diverse Russian operations is its use of ambiguity to confound and confuse decision makers in the West.     

Forecasting a Hurricane: Israeli and American Estimations of the Khomeini Revolution

The surprising ‘Arab Spring’ raises the question as to what would enable national intelligence to provide high quality warnings prior to the eruption of popular revolutions. This article uses new sources of evidence to trace and explain Israel's success in comparison to US failure at correctly estimating the course of the Iranian Revolution in 1977–79. In explaining this variance, the article shows that it was mainly the result of the intimate acquaintance of Israel's representatives in Iran with the local language, history and culture, as well as the ability to communicate with locals – tools which the Americans completely lacked.     

关于教师继续教育培训模式的思考

继续教育作为终身教育的重要组成部分和基本形式,对教师的发展成长意义重大。继续教育工作开展十多年来,取得了一定的成绩,但还存在不少问题,如学习动机较为被动,管理认识不到位,教学内容陈旧空泛,教学方法呆板机械等。随着课程改革的不断深入,继续教育必须采取相应的改进措施,树立以人为本,服务至上的观点,教学内容的前瞻性与实用性并重,教学人员进行整合,教学方法灵活多样,评价考核规范科学等,以此激活受训教师内在的学习动机,更大程度地提高继续教育培训的实际效果。     

用DirectShow实现网络视频

目前市场上的网络监控技术一般用昂贵的硬件设备来支撑,投资较大。在深入研究微软的DirectX9.0的基础上,提出如何用DirectShow软件技术和普通的数字摄像头来实现网络视频的监控和实现技术,内容涉及通信协议、视频的编码与解码技术、视频的编码格式和COM组件编程技术等,最终的实验结果令人满意,且费用低廉,技术可靠,为在高速局域网内构建视频监控系统提供有效的技术支持。     

Interpreting the Ribchester Helmet

In 1796 a 13-year-old boy playing on wasteland behind his father’s house in Ribchester, Lancashire discovered an assemblage of over 30 Roman artefacts, including a decorated brass helmet. Although partially corroded the Ribchester helmet is a fine example of a first-century AD cavalry sports helmet. This article considers how the interpretation of the helmet has evolved since its discovery. The multi-faceted iconography of the helmet with its mural crown diadem is that of an elite soldier and is paralleled in other examples of cavalry sports helmets of the Ribchester type. The long-neglected imagery on the helmet bowl is reinterpreted and seen not as a haphazard collection of randomly placed combatants but as a highly structured, symmetrical composition specifically designed to be viewed from different directions.     

Desert insurgency: lessons from the third Tuareg rebellion

This article provides an in-depth examination and analysis of the 2006–2009 Tuareg rebellion in Mali and Niger. It identifies the underlying reasons behind the rebellion, explores contrasting counter-insurgency (COIN) strategies employed by the two governments, and presents some lessons learned. While both COIN approaches ultimately produced similar peace settlements, the article argues that the Malian strategy of reconciliation combined with the selective use of force was far more effective than the Nigerien iron fist approach at limiting the size and scope of the insurgency and producing a more sustainable peace. It concludes by looking at the role of external actors, particularly the United States, and how the failure to internationalize the conflict was actually more beneficial to the local COIN effort, as well as to the longer strategic interests of the United States in the region.