爆炸场冲击波测试装置电磁屏蔽结构研究

为了减小弹药爆炸电磁辐射对测试的影响,提出了一种铝、坡莫合金组成双层屏蔽结构,采用Ansoft Maxwell对其屏蔽效果进行了仿真,与铝壳、钢壳的屏蔽效果对比,并进行了验证.结果表明:在模拟爆炸场环境中,3种壳体内的磁感应强度铝壳的最大为3.339 1×10-7 T;钢壳为1.960 1×10-7T;采用双层屏蔽的为...     

电爆炸切断开关的实验研究

电感储能系统中的关键技术是切断开关技术,本文论述了导体的电爆炸机制,以及作为切断开关爆炸导体参数选取的经验公式,并设计了一种爆炸导体切断开关的装置结构,在实验中取得了较好的结果。通过调节导体参数,可得到脉宽２８０ｎｓ,电压增益达到十几倍的高功率脉冲信号,其结果对我们通过用虚阴极二极管等器件作负载来产生高功率微波有重要的意义。     

电感储能高功率微波系统的数值模拟

介绍了REFORM程序,使用等效电路模型,研究了电感储能驱动高功率微波系统的性能问题。电路中考虑了初级能源,脉冲变压器,电爆炸丝切断开关,同轴传输线,火花隙陡化开关,以及微波二极管负载等。由模拟结果得到了一些有用的结论,即通过电路参数优化可以提高整个系统的效率,进而验证电感储能高功率微波系统方案的可行性。     

一种电容传递能量的恒流/恒流转换电路研究

为研究满足水下观测节点用电需求的电能转换电路,区别于以往采用电感作为储能与能量传递模块的电能转换电路,以库克电路为基础,提出了一种采用电容作为储能与能量转换介质的恒流/恒流转换电路,其负载的能量完全由电容进行供给.基于状态空间法对该电路的工作原理进行了分析,运用saber软件建立了仿真模型,并搭建实际电路进行了实验验证...     

新型爆磁压缩脉冲功率调制电路

爆磁压缩发生器一般具有较低阻抗,在驱动较高阻抗负载时需要脉冲功率调制电路。传统的脉冲功率调制电路需要脉冲变压器,体积庞大,若其后再采用传输线作中间电容储能,尽管输出波形有改善,但体积更大。提出一种无需脉冲变压器,把传输线当作电感储能元件的功率调制电路。该方案具有电路结构简单、体积紧凑、绝缘压力小等优点。文中同时给出了电路的仿真结果。该功率调制方案将使爆磁压缩的应用更加广泛。     

电磁发射电池组杂散电感提取方法

在电磁发射锂离子电池储能系统中,电池组杂散电感的准确提取对合理设计系统方案具有重要意义。针对该需求,对电池组脉冲放电过程进行建模与分析,得到适合杂散电感提取的放电阶段。通过将离散傅里叶变换求解数值微分的方法更改为滑动窗递推形式,并与多新息最小二乘算法结合,从而提出一种可充分利用波形数据的杂散电感提取方法。通过实际的电池组脉冲放电测试波形对该方法进行验证,结果表明该方法相比传统方法能更加准确、可靠地提取电池组的杂散电感,在不同放电电流下的提取结果具有很好的一致性。     

电感储能电源余能回收对轨道炮特性影响分析

对剩余能量进行回收并重复利用有利于提高电感储能脉冲电源驱动电磁发射系统的能量利用效率,剩余能量回收的快慢将直接影响电磁发射系统的发射性能。在电感储能脉冲电源的基础上引入剩余能量快速回收单元可以实现剩余能量快速回收。为研究带有剩余能量回收单元的改进电路对连续电磁发射系统产生的影响,分阶段对改进电路的放电过程进行分析,对一个12模块的增强型轨道炮系统进行建模仿真,并与改进前的电路进行对比分析,进而得到改进电路驱动电磁发射系统的输出特性和发射优点。     

杂散参数对T型逆变器IGBT关断电压的影响与叠层母线设计

对T型逆变器的拓扑结构和工作模态进行了分析,得到了逆变器的杂散电感分布和换流回路。通过仿真实验,分析了各分布杂散电感对IGBT关断电压的负面影响和解决办法。根据逆变器母线电容组和功率模块的实际结构,对其叠层母线进行了分组设计,在接口处进行了一体化的优化处理,并采用电磁场软件进行了仿真分析,结果表明:所设计的叠层母线极大地减小了逆变器换流回路的杂散电感。最后搭建了一台基于RB-IGBT的T型三电平逆变器样机,试验结果表明:采用该叠层母线的T型逆变器,开关器件关断电压过冲得到了有效抑制。     

大容量储能发电机并联运行励磁控制算法

大容量储能发电机作为脉冲电源,整流后通过逆变器向大功率脉冲负载供电。采用储能发电机直流侧并联方式工作,可以有效提高系统带载能力与可靠性。当并联运行的储能发电机转速不同时,根据转速合理分配电机释放功率可以有效提高系统工作效能,因此需要设计一种具有功率调节功能的励磁控制算法。在电压、电流双闭环控制的基础上,引入功率前馈控制,推导并求解了前馈功率与励磁电流关系以及控制参数,并根据电机初始转速设计了功率分配算法。仿真试验结果表明,功率前馈控制在励磁控制过程中起主导作用,有效分配储能电机释放功率大小,提高了励磁电流响应速度,抑制了负载功率扰动对励磁控制系统的影响。     

脉冲负载柴油发电机组的FBS模型设计及试验

在分析了机组的工作特性和功能需求的基础上,推导出了可以完成机组功能需求的期望行为,设计出了可以实现期望行为的机组结构。重点研究了柴油机功率确定、储能飞轮惯量优化及增压器匹配设计等问题,并将废气涡轮增压柴油机应用到该型机组。对机组的设计进行了试验验证。试验结果显示,机组性能满足设计要求。针对试验过程中负载突加初期的增压器供气滞后问题,提出了电力辅助涡轮增压方案,该方案可有效降低机组的燃油消耗和动态调速率。     

Putin – the masked nemesis of the strategy of ambiguity

Recent events demonstrate the complex and adaptive approach employed by Russia to reassert influence in Europe. The changing face of Russia’s strategy commenced in 2007 when it launched a crippling cyber-attack against Estonia. This was followed by a large Russian conventional attack against Georgia in 2008, occupying two large areas of the nation. 2014 witnessed the Russian annexation of Crimea where in just a week, Russia seized control of Crimea “without firing a shot.” The annexation of Crimea was rapidly followed by a Russian inspired and led subversive war in eastern Ukraine. The common thread among these diverse Russian operations is its use of ambiguity to confound and confuse decision makers in the West.     

India's counter-insurgency experience: the ‘trust and nurture’ strategy

The Indian Army, a force trained primarily for conventional warfare, has been engaged in internal counter-insurgency operations since the 1950s. Despite such a long innings on a counter-insurgency mode, little attention has been accorded within military circles to doctrinal innovation for waging sub-conventional warfare in India's democratic political context. At best, the Army continues to view counter-insurgency duty as secondary to its primary duty of defending India from external conventional threats. By conceptualizing a counter-insurgency strategy of ‘trust and nurture’, this article aims to fill this critical doctrinal gap in India's military policy. The author argues that a counter-insurgency strategy of ‘trust and nurture’ based on democratic political culture, measured military methods, special counter-insurgency forces, local social and cultural awareness and an integrative nation-building approach will result in positive handling of India's internal security problems. The author utilizes India's counter-insurgency experiences in Assam, Mizoram, Nagaland, Punjab, and Operation ‘Sadhbhavana’ in Jammu and Kashmir as illustrative empirical indicants in order to validate the ‘trust and nurture’ strategy.     

An Unlikely Alliance: Portuguese and South African Airpower in Angola, 1968–1974

The war that Portugal was obliged to fight in Africa began in 1961 and immediately stretched the resources of its armed forces. Nowhere was this thinness more apparent than in policing the vast territory of Angola. The east and southeast of Angola were particularly vulnerable, as the area was a vast, sparsely populated region characterised by enormous featureless plains or chanas covered in tall grass and broken by an extensive river system and mountainous forests. The only military solution to policing these immense spaces was aviation and specifically the helicopter that could carry troops into battle, protect them with a gunship and bring them home when the operation was concluded. The immediate problem for the Portuguese Air Force (Força Aérea Portuguesa or FAP) in Angola and elsewhere was a scarcity of helicopters. The solution was an alliance with South Africa, which had a strong inventory of Alouette IIIs, to help in policing the east. This move was likewise in the interest of South Africa, as its threat came from Zambia through south-eastern Angola. This article examines the strategic and tactical development of this unusual, cross-cultural alliance and the symbiotic relationship that resulted in destruction of the enemies of both in Angola.     

Helping hands: civil–military cooperation and Italy's military operation abroad

In the Post-Bipolar Era the growing complexity of the military operations requires a new approach for the resolution of international crises. Since the end of the Cold War, peace support operations (PSO) have become the mainstay and principal occupation of most Western armies. At the same time, Italy has been one of the most important actors in such an area. The article focuses on the cooperation between military and civil components (a process called CIMIC) as a key variable in the Italian PSOs. We will analyse in detail the main lessons learned from past military interventions as well as the general context in which new tendencies are taking place. The maintaining of a minimum security frame becomes essential to fulfil activities ‘collateral’ to the mission: reconstructing services and infrastructure, food distribution, water and medication, law and order, de-mining, training of local forces, and supporting local institutions. These are the main tasks to obtain thrust and support from the population.     

Terrorism,insurgency, kidnapping,and security in Africa's energy sector

Energy continues to serve as the bedrock of modern economies and the main driver of modern society. For Africa, the production and supply of energy resources such as crude oil, natural gas, uranium, coal, biomass, biofuels and other renewables are an important source of employment, rents, taxes, royalties and profits. This sector brings in several tens of billions of dollars of revenue annually. The production and delivery of such resources, however, depend on critical infrastructures such as pipelines, refineries, processing plants, terminals, rigs, electrical energy pylons, substations, pump stations, vessels, and tankers. These infrastructures have been attacked by terrorists, insurgents, vandals and saboteurs, all of whom see them as targets against which to register their grievances and extract concessions from the state. This paper is a chronological account of some of the documented incidents of terrorism, insurgency, kidnapping, destruction, sabotage, and human casualties suffered in the oil and gas sectors in Africa between 1999 and 2012. It is based on data extracted from the databases of the RAND Database of World Terrorism Incidents and the University of Maryland's Global Terrorism Database (GTD).     

国内外结构钢焊条研究的现状与发展

本文主要介绍了国外焊条的现状和发展趋势,包括焊条的高韧性、高效率、低尘低毒和耐吸潮性能,为国内的焊条研究提供了参考依据。     

A Sign of Victory?: ‘Scottish Swords’ and Other Weapons in the Possession of the ‘Auld Innemie’

Many late medieval documents, notably inventories of arms and armour, of Englishmen contain references to ‘Scottish swords’ and other weapons. What did the compilers of these documents mean when they described a weapon as ‘Scottish’? How did such weapons come to be in the possession of these men? This article will attempt to explain this phenomenon drawing on primary documentary sources and surviving material culture from Glasgow Museums’ collections and others, as well as artworks from the period.     

Tacit support for terrorism: The rapprochement between the USSR and Palestinian guerrilla organizations following the 1967 war

This article demonstrates the inconsistent and wavering Soviet attitude towards national liberation movements in general and the Palestinian organizations in particular. Until the late 1960s, the Soviets viewed these organizations with suspicion, hesitating to engage in political dialogue with them. However, in the 1970s, political and military events in the region, as well as modifications in the Kremlin's Cold War strategies, led to a general shift towards the Middle East in Soviet foreign policy. Soviet leaders showed increased willingness to provide certain Palestinian organizations with arms with which to conduct terrorist activities against Israeli, pro-Israeli, Jewish and Western targets. The article explores the complex relations between Palestinian organizations and the USSR in the field of international terror. The study also exposes and analyzes the nature and content of Soviet–Palestinian arms dialogues and transactions. It provides clear evidence that Soviet policymakers and other luminaries were fully informed of, and sometimes directly involved in, these transactions and dialogues at the highest levels.     

A1 Qaeda and the radical Islamic challenge to western strategy

The September 11 global crisis prompted by the attacks on the World Trade Center and the Pentagon raises major questions concerning the nature and trajectory of terrorism in the post-Cold War global order. Hitherto, terrorism has been largely debated by analysts at the level of nation states. Terrorist and insurgent movements have also been largely anchored in nationalist and ethnic power bases even when they have sought to mobilise a transnational ideological appeal on religious or class grounds. There have been a few exceptions to this pattern such as the alliance between the German Baader-Meinhof group and the Japanese Red Army Faction, but even such international alliances as this did not, until at least the 1980s, presage anything like a global terrorist network necessitating a global strategic response. This study examines terrorism and global strategic responses.