汽车火灾的火源分析与勘验重点

汽车火灾原因调查是一项技术性较强的工作,应该引起火灾调查人员的高度重视。从分析汽车火灾的火源入手,阐述了汽车发动机舱、驾驶舱、底盘部位、电气系统、燃油系统、机械系统等重点部位和系统的现场勘验,以期给汽车火灾原因调查提供参考。     

一起汽车火灾事故原因认定及体会

在根据痕迹特征确定起火部位和起火点的基础上,逐一排查可能的起火原因,并对可能引发火灾的原因进行严谨的合理性分析,从而确定了一起汽车火灾事故的真正原因.结合该案例的调查过程,谈及在汽车火灾调查过程中一些调查方式、方法的体会,期望对从事火灾调查工作的同仁有所帮助.     

山区高速公路汽车火灾原因及对策探析

近年来,汽车数量每年以35%的速度递增,汽车火灾在全国各地均呈上升趋势,占火灾损失的比例不断增大,随着高速公路延伸速度的加快,高速公路汽车火灾数量和损失增速更快,特别是山区高速公路汽车火灾更甚。研究和分析了山区高速公路汽车发生火灾的特点,提出了防止与减少山区高速公路汽车火灾发生的方法和措施。     

汽车火灾防治措施研究

根据近年来汽车火灾数据的统计结果,分析了我国汽车火灾的发展趋势、汽车火灾的扑救难点、汽车火灾原因及起火部位,提出了汽车火灾被动防护和主动防护的防治措施。     

油罐汽车火灾预防对策初探

本文通过对一起油罐汽车火灾形成原因的分析,探讨了预防油罐汽车火灾的基本对策。     

水墨法在汽车火灾事故调查中的运用

近年来汽车火灾在全国各地均呈上升趋势,火灾损失不断加大,造成的损失与纠纷日趋复杂,给火灾调查工作提出了新的挑战。为科学、客观反映起火原因,更好地维护当事人合法权益,笔者通过多年来对多起汽车火灾事故调查的归纳、总结、研究,探索出一种新的火灾现场勘验方法——"水墨法"。"水墨法"在诸多火灾事故调查运用中,对于准确判断起火部位、起火点及起火原因成效显著,发挥了重要作用,具有一定探讨和推广价值,是火灾调查方法的继承、创新和发展。结合实际案例介绍以中国"水墨"绘画原理为分析框架,主要以"Microsoft Word"图片设置为分析手段的汽车火灾原因调查程序和方法。     

汽车火灾的成因防范措施和扑救方法

本文从违章方面分析了汽车火灾事故多发的原因,提出八条防范对策,并对扑救汽车火灾的原则方法进行了具体阐述。     

电气火灾统计分析研究

通过对比分析近10年来的火灾统计数据,找出了近几年我国电气火灾发生和发展的特点及规律.根据电气火灾原因分布规律,发现电气线路火灾在电气火灾中占有最大比例;根据电线电缆火灾原因统计数据,分析出发生的电线电缆火灾中,外因引发重大火灾的概率和数量更大.     

地下停车库火灾风险分析

分析了地下停车库的火灾特点,并从停车库的火灾规模、发生轰燃的烟气条件、释放辐射热的大小、相邻汽车被引燃的临界条件和自动喷水系统的动作时间等几方面对停车库潜在的火灾危险性进行了探讨。以某地下一层停车库为例,对其火灾风险进行了具体评价。     

油改气汽车火灾原因分析与防范措施

介绍了“油改气”汽车的概念及分类,从改装工艺、关键零部件质量、监督验审、燃气质量等几个方面详细分析了“油改气”汽车的火灾原因,重点就控制燃气泄漏,提出了完善法规体系、严格监督、驾驶人员自觉履行各项安全规程、提高燃气质量等火灾防范措施。     

复杂多功能区域人员疏散方案优化设计探讨

针对复杂多功能区域建筑物,设定了最不利疏散条件和火灾发展过程处于最不利情况的模拟场景.根据火灾烟气危险状态判据临界值,结合复杂多功能区域疏散性能模拟软件,模拟预测某超市二楼商业区火灾烟气流动特性数据,计算出该商业区的人员可用安全疏散时间,进而为消防疏散方案设计人员提供重要数据依据,便于其结合工程实际情况进行消防方案优化改进,确保商业区在火灾事故时,具备一定的安全疏散系统设施和足够的安全疏散时间.     

Search for an infiltrator

We have solved a discrete search game on an array of n ordered cells for n ⩽ 9, with two players: infiltrator (hider) and searcher, who have opposite goals. The infiltrator wishes to reach the last cell number n (in finite time) and the searcher has to defend that cell. The payoff (to the hider) is the probability that the hider wins, that is, reaches the last cell without getting captured. © 1995 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.     

The search for an intelligent evader concealed in one of an arbitrary number of regions

This paper considers the search for an evader concealed in one of an arbitrary number of regions, each of which is characterized by its detection probability. We shall be concerned here with the double-sided problem in which the evader chooses this probability secretly, although he may not subsequently move; his aim is to maximize the expected time to detection, while the searcher attempts to minimize it. The situation where two regions are involved has been studied previously and reported on recently. This paper represents a continuation of this analysis. It is normally true that as the number of regions increases, optimal strategies for both searcher and evader are progressively more difficult to determine precisely. However it will be shown that, generally, satisfactory approximations to each are almost as easily derived as in the two region problem, and that the accuracy of such approximations is essentially independent of the number of regions. This means that so far as the evader is concerned, characteristics of the two-region problem may be used to assess the accuracy of such approximate strategies for problems of more than two regions.     

智能工具机的性能分析

本文论述了提高智能工具机性能所采取的技术措施,并对其性能进行了模拟。模拟结果表明,智能工具机的平均推理速度可达500KLIPS 左右,比日本的PSI—Ⅰ约快一倍,比美国加州大学Berkeley 分校研制的PLM 约快两倍。     

Properties of an approximate hazard transform

The calculation of the exact reliability of complex systems is a difficult and tedious task. Consequently simple approximating techniques have great practical value. The hazard transform of a system is an invertible transformation of its reliability function which is convenient and useful in both applied and theoretical reliability work. A simple calculus for finding an approximate hazard transform for systems formed by series and parallel combinations of components is extended so that it can be used for any coherent system. The extended calculus is shown to lead to conservative approximations. A first order version of the extended calculus is also discussed. This method of approximation is even more simple to use, but is not always conservative. Examples of its application indicate that it is capable of giving quite accurate results.     

Strategy selection: an info-gap methodology

The evaluation and selection of military strategy requires consideration of myriad factors – social, historical, political, geographical and technological – together with vast uncertainties encompassing all these domains. Info-gap decision theory is a conceptual framework that can support these deliberations and that has substantive implications for the formulation, evaluation and selection of strategic goals and of the means to attain them. In particular, while the analyst may desire to reliably achieve the best possible outcome, info-gap theory provides a critique of, and alternative to, the paradigm of optimizing the outcome of a decision. In selecting between strategy alternatives, the analyst must sometimes choose between one alternative that is purportedly better than another, but also more uncertain. Such a choice is a dilemma whose resolution requires the analyst to balance between the different predicted qualities of each alternative and their different vulnerabilities to uncertainty. The dilemma can be managed with the info-gap methodology of robustly satisfying critical requirements.     

一种工业机器人柔性手腕的设计与分析

本文提出了由双重系杆平面差动轮系机构组成的工业机器人柔性手腕。计算机运动轨迹的仿真结果以及实模型表明,该柔性手腕具有结构简单、紧凑和运动范围大等优点,可以装备于喷漆和焊接工业机器人上。