铁电液晶光开关

液晶元件的电光特性由指向矢的再取向产生,通过外加电场可产生光轴.表面稳定化铁电液晶结构改变自然螺旋结构,引起电光响应,该响应具有高速度、大阈值和双稳性所要求的特性.描述了铁电液晶的开关状态对分子取向、温度和脉冲形状的动态响应,给出了表面稳定化铁电液晶的开关速度和能量.     

锆酸铅PbZrO3序参量的量子饱和

在503 K反铁电体PbZrO3发生立方-正交相变,序参量是反平行离子位移引起的超晶格;在低温相时,PbZrO3的反铁电超晶格反射强度随温度的变化成正比,可以由考虑量子效应的Landau唯象理论加以描述;高于室温时,Γ25超晶格反射强度显示了不同的温度依赖性。     

kittel型反铁电相变的自由能

根据kittel型反铁电相变对称性的变化 ,选择轴矢量 R作为序参量是合适的。由Landau理论 ,相变温度附近的自由能F就可以写成 R幂级数展开的形式。令 F R=0 ,可得到关于序参量的方程 ,从而获得相变温度与自由能的关系     

钛酸铅晶体反铁电相至电场感应铁电相相变的研究

仔细研究了PbTiO3电场感应铁电相的晶体结构。在初始反铁电相中,各离子位移方向与极轴垂直,但在外电场感应下,Pb离子沿极轴方向有相同方向0.17的位移,从而使晶体呈现铁电相特征,发生反铁电-铁电相变。此铁电相称之为电场感应铁(EFI)电相。通过结构对称性分析,确定EFI铁电相的对称性是C2mm(C2v),用极矢量Ps作为序参量来描述相变时对称性的变化是合适的。     

网络信息战——社交媒体武器化趋势及影响

互联网进入2.0时代后,以社交媒体为主要信息传播平台的新媒体已逐步变为相对独立的社会力量,成为新的战略制高点.社交媒体平台以其传播信息的速度与广度,对庞大的用户人群产生巨大的影响.各国政府和军队意识到社交媒体的飞速发展不仅让其成为新型战略传播工具,更在网络信息战领域成为强大的"心理"干预武器.本文介绍了社交网络通过舆论...     

论信息化条件下军事空间人才的能力及其培养

随着航天技术的兴起及其在军事领域的应用,战场空间得到了极大的延伸,空间已经成为夺取战场主动权的制高点,夺取制天权成为夺取其他制权的先决条件.军事空间人才将在未来信息化战争中发挥重大作用.本文着眼于为满足未来信息化战争需要,军事空间人才应具备的能力素质,研究这些能力的培养对策.     

“和而不同”新解

随着军队中地方大学生干部队伍的逐年壮大,大学生干部成为部队建设中区别于生长干部的又一支重要力量.笔者发现,大学生干部和生长干部之间交流不多、各自为政的现象在一些单位不同程度存在,成为影响部队建设与发展的重要因素.     

浅谈加强海军遂行远航任务动员保障工作

21世纪,海洋成为提高综合国力和争夺战略优势的新领域.海军作为与海洋密切相关的战略力量,在维护海上通道安全、资源安全和主权安全上,肩负着光荣而艰巨的使命.随着经济全球化的趋势不断加深,世界各国对海洋资源的争夺日趋全球化,海军遂行远航任务走向常态成为必然.深入研究海军遂行远航任务动员保障工作问题,具有重大现实意义和深远历史意义.     

积极适应形势任务发展要求着力提高党委班子建设科学化水平

一、始终坚持把提高领导能力作为加强党委班子建设的紧迫任务 领导能力是党委班子成就事业的关键.要增强素质恐慌、本领恐慌的危机感,着眼使命任务和职责要求,不断提高领导能力,真正使党委在应对各种突发情况和复杂局面中始终成为部队的主心骨,在领导部队科学发展、带领部队完成多样化任务中始终成为坚强的领导核心.加强党委班子能力建设,内容很宽广.     

信息对抗的焦点及其发展趋势

信息是物质运动的状态和方式,在人类的战争活动中一直发挥着重要作用,因而交战双方的信息对抗活动从古至今一直都没有停息过.然而,信息对抗的焦点却不断地发生着变化.在经历过漫长的"信息获取焦点时期"和"信息传递焦点时期"后,当前"信息处理"已成为信息对抗的焦点.而随着科学技术的发展,"信息应用"极有可能成为未来信息对抗的新焦点.     

含孔洞铜板复合材料修复疲劳寿命数值分析

用ANSYS有限元软件对复合材料修复含中心圆孔钢板的疲劳寿命进行了数值分析。研究了孔洞大小、补片长度、宽度和厚度对钢板疲劳寿命的影响;分析了复合材料胶接修补的效果,并对修复所用的复合材料补片的大小及厚度进行了优化设计。研究结果表明,利用复合材料胶接修补带中心圆孔的钢板可以使其疲劳性能提高1.6~18倍。修补时,增加补片宽度和厚度都可增加结构疲劳寿命;补片宽度为孔径8倍以上时,增加宽度对疲劳寿命影响不大;补片的长度为孔径的3~4倍时,修复效果最佳。     

‘God willing,I will be back’: Gauging the Truth and Reconciliation Commission's capacity to deter economic crimes in Liberia

Recently, in July 2012, the high-profile and bitterly fought nine-month race for the post of Chair of the African Union (AU) Commission, between Dr Jean Ping of Gabon, and his main challenger, Dr Nkosazana Dlamini-Zuma, culminated in the latter's victory. Her victory came after the deadlock at the Eighteenth AU Summit in January 2012. Borne out of the considered need for a quick fix through reliance on a vote of expediency, the election of Dr Dlamini-Zuma represented a political resolution to the crisis that arose due to the earlier ongoing electoral deadlock. Far from being a competitive election by design, the 2012 AU Commission election by default became transformed into an intensely fought campaign that put the AU in the limelight. This article briefly introduces the electoral process, explains in detail the voting behaviour of AU member states, and offers five specific reasons for the victory of Dr Dlamini-Zuma. On the surface the election looks very competitive, but the article explains why this is not the case. To create greater competition for these posts, the AU needs to overhaul the nomination process and the voting procedure. In this regard, the article proffers detailed analysis and proposes a radical revision of the existing criteria for the nomination. The article also proposes specific recommendations for the amendment of the rules of procedure of the AU Assembly to allow for a qualified majority as a deadlock breaker in the fifth round. It also assesses whether the integrity of the AU Commission election was damaged during the campaigning and voting process. In this regard, it recommends the development of a code of conduct for future elections at the AU.     

高超声速滑翔飞行器滑翔段初始状态的唯一性和最优性分析

临近空间高超声速滑翔飞行器的弹道特性主要受滑翔段初始状态和飞行器控制律影响。在飞行器控制律确定的情况下,研究了滑翔段初始状态对高超声速滑翔飞行器弹道特性的影响规律。按照滑翔弹道的不同形式,在纵向平衡滑翔条件下,通过理论推导得出飞行器状态变量的解析式,结合平衡滑翔条件分析平衡滑翔弹道滑翔段初始状态的唯一性;在纵向跳跃滑翔条件下,构建弹道性能评价指标,利用群智能算法,寻找弹道性能最优时的滑翔段初始状态。利用单因素敏感性分析方法,分别对两种滑翔弹道的滑翔段初始状态进行敏感性分析,初始状态中初始速度对弹道特性的影响最大。对高超声速滑翔飞行器初始状态唯一性与最优性的分析,可为高超声速滑翔飞行器的弹道设计、弹道跟踪、轨迹预测和轨迹优化提供借鉴。     

Land power in the age of joint interdependence: toward a theory of land power for the twenty-first century*

This essay outlines a theory of land power. After explaining the absence of such a theory, the article establishes the modern context for such a theory, specifically within the concept of joint interdependence. The analysis defines key terms and premises behind the theory, to include a definition of land power. The argument then outlines the national elements of power that contribute to a theory of land power. The analysis next applies the theory to the fundamental purposes of military power: defeat, deter, compel, assure, shape and support to the nation. The analysis then tests key definitions, supporting premises, and utility of the theory. The essay argues that historical experience validates the applicability and utility of the theory, and offers a solid basis for extrapolating the validity of the theory into the near future.     

境外行政主体制度研究

行政主体理论自行政法成为公法重要组成部分时便成为行政法几个核心理论之一。自《中华人民共和国行政诉讼法》实施以来,行政主体理论研究成为我国行政法理论研究的重点之一。我国关于行政主体的内涵及外延,学术界各抒己见,至今缺乏统一的论断。境外一些行政法理论发达国家和地区的行政主体制度对于我们具有借鉴意义。     

The case for Azawad

Since Mali achieved independence from France, the marginalised Tuareg population of Mali has sought independence and the right to form their own nation, ‘Azawad’. These efforts have continuously been frustrated by the Tuaregs' neighbours, due to competing nationalist pride and interests in the mineral resources believed to lie under the northern Malian soil. Thus far, the Tuaregs of northern Mali have been largely neglected and denied both inclusive and effective governance by the various Malian governments from the southern Malian capital of Bamako. When negotiations have failed, Tuareg attempts to seize their own independence through violence have been brutally crushed by the Malian government. The Malian government will neither advance the interests of the Tuaregs nor allow them the freedom to pursue their own path in the world. The advent of the ‘Arab Spring’ in Libya provided another opportunity for the Tuaregs to pursue their dreams of an independent Azawad. Tuareg fighters returning from Libya carried with them both considerable combat experience and stockpiles of arms that they used to temporarily free their homeland. Unfortunately, the Tuaregs' whirlwind conquest of northern Mali was undone by the emergence of a new transnational threat in the Sahel. Al-Qaeda in the Islamic Maghreb (AQIM) supplanted the previously victorious Tuaregs and attempted to turn Azawad into a Taliban-esque caliphate. French intervention defeated AQIM, but set the stage for a continuation of the cycle of violence and instability borne from the unwillingness of the international community to support the Tuaregs' legitimate right to self-determination.     

规范社会主义市场经济条件下的收入分配秩序

市场、企业、政府是社会主义市场经济条件下的三个收入分配主体,现实中这三个收入分配主体的分配行为均存在诸多不规范、不合理的因素。究其原因,主要是制度缺位和制度乏力。鉴于此,必须采取相应的对策。     

A German High Tournament Saddle in the Royal Armouries,Leeds

The Royal Armouries of Leeds preserves a rare example of an early fifteenth-century German tournament high saddle that is also one of the earliest complete western medieval saddles preserved. It bears witness to an extreme form of tournament which stood very far from the real practice of war: the Hohenzeuggestech. Impact marks of lances and swords, visible on the saddle, reveal the violence of the blows exchanged during these meetings, a violence often hard to observe in the contemporary but conventional representations of jousters and tourneyers. Thus, by the means of its excellent state of preservation, the Leeds high saddle sheds some light on the jousts and tourneys on high saddles, once so popular and plentiful in what remains of the civilian iconography of the late fourteenth- and the fifteenth-century Germanic world.     

2015 and the survival of the Nigerian State

Nigeria is currently faced with serious domestic challenges. While the state is not officially at war, it is standing on the precipice, especially with the eruption of violence occasioned by the emergence of the Boko Haram sect and the tenuous peace in the Niger Delta. With the 2015 general elections on the horizon, fears of further violence and disintegration are rife, more so because of the debate over who occupies the Presidential Villa at Abuja. President Goodluck Jonathan, a southerner, seems poised for a comeback even amidst the vociferous challenge posed by the political elites of northern Nigeria. This article looks at the different scenarios that might play out in 2015. It analyses the challenges of the survival of the Nigerian state, and makes some policy recommendations that Nigeria and its people need to put into place in order to ensure its survival beyond 2015.     

瓦斯爆炸波自激励效应的实验研究

基于爆炸波的发展机理在气体爆炸防护技术研究中的重要性,通过实验对密闭通道中瓦斯爆炸波的传播特征及规律进行了研究。结果表明,瓦斯爆炸传播过程中,压力波对火焰波既有促进作用又有抑制作用,不同阶段的主导作用不同;而火焰波对压力波也会产生影响,不但会加强压力波的超压和振幅,而且会使压力波上升段压缩、下降段拉伸,最终可能发展为爆震波,对巷道内的建筑、设备造成极大的破坏。