基于K-means-RBF的机载传感器评估

针对传统RBF神经网络存在的高维数据学习训练问题,采用K-means聚类算法设计RBF神经网络数据中心,建立基于聚类RBF神经网络的机载传感器精度评估模型,运用改进的RBF神经网络对机载传感器系统进行精度评估研究.仿真研究结果表明,与传统RBF神经网络评估算法相比,该算法有效减少评估时间,提高预测精度,表明算法是合理和有效的.     

装备模拟电路UKF-WRNN软故障诊断

为提高装备模拟电路的软故障诊断能力,在构建多分辨率变换样本基础上,提出一种应用改进UKF算法训练小波RBF神经网络(WRNN)软故障诊断方法。它引入基于方差膨胀原理的自适应因子,改善UKF算法性能;并利用改进UKF算法优化估计WRNN参数,建立多分辨率变换样本集的故障诊断模型;再由所建模型对各种故障模式进行诊断判定。Sallen-Key带通滤波器的仿真测试表明,该方法收敛速度快,诊断准确率高,进而验证了其可行性和有效性。     

基于UPF的WNN学习算法及其应用

为改善小波网络(WNN)的非线性建模能力,提出一种基于改进无迹粒子滤波(UPF)的WNN学习算法。算法先引入最小偏度策略减少无迹变换(UT)的Sigma采样个数,改进无迹Kalman滤波(UKF);再用改进UKF算法选取粒子滤波的重要性密度函数,构成新型UPF;最后,将SUPF作为WNN的学习算法进行训练和测试。实验表明,基于新采样策略UPF与基本UPF的WNN模型精度总体接近,但速度更快,效率更高,某型军用飞机气动力建模也验证了算法的有效性与可行性。     

过失速机动的AUKF-WNN气动力建模及仿真

为使所建立的气动力模型能够准确刻画复杂动态特性,提出一种基于改进UKF算法的小波神经网络(Wavelet Neural Network,WNN)飞行数据失速气动力建模方法。引入一种自适应因子来改善无迹卡尔曼滤波(Unscented Kalman Filter,UKF)算法的性能;按照飞行数据的气动力建模流程,利用改进UKF算法对WNN参数进行最优化估计,构建失速现象的气动力模型。实验结果表明,针对飞行器失速的气动力建模问题,基于改进UKF算法的WNN建模方法,在建模精度和速度方面,优于传统神经网络和其他现有WNN方法,因此,使用提出飞行器失速的气动力建模方法是可行和有效的,得到预测结果也能准确刻画飞行器失速的动态特性。     

基于RBF网络的导弹攻击区解算及对比分析

研究了神经网络在空空导弹攻击区处理中的运用,在提出多层前馈(MF)网络和径向基函数(RBF)网络设计方案的基础上,着重对MF网络的BP算法、改进BP算法以及RBF网络的应用进行了仿真,并从收敛速度、逼近精度和实时性三个方面,对计算结果进行了对比分析,结论表明RBF网络在导弹攻击区处理中具有更高的可行性,更适用于快速高精度的火控解算。     

RBF神经网络在异步电机故障诊断中的应用

将径向基(RBF)神经网络应用到电机的故障诊断中,建立了异步电机的RBF神经网络诊断模型。为了克服RBF神经网络学习算法的不足,引入了差分进化(DE)算法,并且利用了差分进化(DE)算法的全局搜索能力来优化RBF神经网络基函数的中心、宽度以及网络的连接权值,以获得最优的网络模型。仿真结果表明优化后的RBF神经网络的泛化能力和诊断精度都得到了大幅度提高。     

低气压环境下柴油机涡轮增压器转速实车估算方法

针对涡轮增压器转速实车测量中存在安装困难、精度低的问题,提出了利用RBF神经网络和BP神经网络估算涡轮增压器转速的方法。分别建立了基于RBF神经网络和BP神经网络增压器转速估算模型,通过与台架试验测试样本比较,模型误差分别2.25%和2.27%。同时,RBF神经网络较BP神经网络,具有训练次数少,收敛速度快、结果稳定的优点,更适合实车涡轮增压器转速估算。     

基于自适应无迹卡尔曼滤波的小波网络算法及其应用

针对扩展Kalman滤波(EKF)训练小波网络存在收敛慢、精度不高、计算Jacobian矩阵困难等问题,在自适应Kalman滤波理论基础上,提出一种基于自适应无迹Kalman滤波(UKF)的小波网络训练算法。该算法在在UKF框架内引入自适应因子,通过其调整观测协方差与状态参数协方差的比例,使状态向量预测值的协方差更趋向真实值,有效地提高了小波网络的精度。仿真结果表明,基于自适应UKF的小波网络的收敛速度快,估计精度高,无需计算Jacobian矩阵,适于解决非线性系统的建模预测问题。     

基于AHGA-BP网络的防空导弹研制费用预测方法

<正>在基于神经网络的防空导弹研制费用预测模型研究中,针对直接利用遗传算法训练神经网络运算时间长、精度较低的问题,本文提出了一种基于AHGA+BP混合学习算法的防空导弹研制费用预测模型。采用此模型对典型防空导弹研制费用进行预测,并与其它方法进行比较,结果表明,此方法计算速度更快,精度更高。     

军用飞机采购价格的RBF神经网络预测

分析了现代军用飞机采购价格估算中存在的问题.应用基于k-均值聚类算法的RBF神经网络建立了军用飞机采购价格预测模型,并采用该模型对某型军用飞机采购价格进行了预测.与多元线性回归和BP神经网络的预测结果对比,建立的新型军用飞机采购价格预测模型具有更高的预测精度,为军用飞机采购价格预测提供了一种新的有效方法.     

Putin – the masked nemesis of the strategy of ambiguity

Recent events demonstrate the complex and adaptive approach employed by Russia to reassert influence in Europe. The changing face of Russia’s strategy commenced in 2007 when it launched a crippling cyber-attack against Estonia. This was followed by a large Russian conventional attack against Georgia in 2008, occupying two large areas of the nation. 2014 witnessed the Russian annexation of Crimea where in just a week, Russia seized control of Crimea “without firing a shot.” The annexation of Crimea was rapidly followed by a Russian inspired and led subversive war in eastern Ukraine. The common thread among these diverse Russian operations is its use of ambiguity to confound and confuse decision makers in the West.     

India's counter-insurgency experience: the ‘trust and nurture’ strategy

The Indian Army, a force trained primarily for conventional warfare, has been engaged in internal counter-insurgency operations since the 1950s. Despite such a long innings on a counter-insurgency mode, little attention has been accorded within military circles to doctrinal innovation for waging sub-conventional warfare in India's democratic political context. At best, the Army continues to view counter-insurgency duty as secondary to its primary duty of defending India from external conventional threats. By conceptualizing a counter-insurgency strategy of ‘trust and nurture’, this article aims to fill this critical doctrinal gap in India's military policy. The author argues that a counter-insurgency strategy of ‘trust and nurture’ based on democratic political culture, measured military methods, special counter-insurgency forces, local social and cultural awareness and an integrative nation-building approach will result in positive handling of India's internal security problems. The author utilizes India's counter-insurgency experiences in Assam, Mizoram, Nagaland, Punjab, and Operation ‘Sadhbhavana’ in Jammu and Kashmir as illustrative empirical indicants in order to validate the ‘trust and nurture’ strategy.     

An Unlikely Alliance: Portuguese and South African Airpower in Angola, 1968–1974

The war that Portugal was obliged to fight in Africa began in 1961 and immediately stretched the resources of its armed forces. Nowhere was this thinness more apparent than in policing the vast territory of Angola. The east and southeast of Angola were particularly vulnerable, as the area was a vast, sparsely populated region characterised by enormous featureless plains or chanas covered in tall grass and broken by an extensive river system and mountainous forests. The only military solution to policing these immense spaces was aviation and specifically the helicopter that could carry troops into battle, protect them with a gunship and bring them home when the operation was concluded. The immediate problem for the Portuguese Air Force (Força Aérea Portuguesa or FAP) in Angola and elsewhere was a scarcity of helicopters. The solution was an alliance with South Africa, which had a strong inventory of Alouette IIIs, to help in policing the east. This move was likewise in the interest of South Africa, as its threat came from Zambia through south-eastern Angola. This article examines the strategic and tactical development of this unusual, cross-cultural alliance and the symbiotic relationship that resulted in destruction of the enemies of both in Angola.     

国内外结构钢焊条研究的现状与发展

本文主要介绍了国外焊条的现状和发展趋势,包括焊条的高韧性、高效率、低尘低毒和耐吸潮性能,为国内的焊条研究提供了参考依据。     

A Sign of Victory?: ‘Scottish Swords’ and Other Weapons in the Possession of the ‘Auld Innemie’

Many late medieval documents, notably inventories of arms and armour, of Englishmen contain references to ‘Scottish swords’ and other weapons. What did the compilers of these documents mean when they described a weapon as ‘Scottish’? How did such weapons come to be in the possession of these men? This article will attempt to explain this phenomenon drawing on primary documentary sources and surviving material culture from Glasgow Museums’ collections and others, as well as artworks from the period.     

Helping hands: civil–military cooperation and Italy's military operation abroad

In the Post-Bipolar Era the growing complexity of the military operations requires a new approach for the resolution of international crises. Since the end of the Cold War, peace support operations (PSO) have become the mainstay and principal occupation of most Western armies. At the same time, Italy has been one of the most important actors in such an area. The article focuses on the cooperation between military and civil components (a process called CIMIC) as a key variable in the Italian PSOs. We will analyse in detail the main lessons learned from past military interventions as well as the general context in which new tendencies are taking place. The maintaining of a minimum security frame becomes essential to fulfil activities ‘collateral’ to the mission: reconstructing services and infrastructure, food distribution, water and medication, law and order, de-mining, training of local forces, and supporting local institutions. These are the main tasks to obtain thrust and support from the population.     

Terrorism,insurgency, kidnapping,and security in Africa's energy sector

Energy continues to serve as the bedrock of modern economies and the main driver of modern society. For Africa, the production and supply of energy resources such as crude oil, natural gas, uranium, coal, biomass, biofuels and other renewables are an important source of employment, rents, taxes, royalties and profits. This sector brings in several tens of billions of dollars of revenue annually. The production and delivery of such resources, however, depend on critical infrastructures such as pipelines, refineries, processing plants, terminals, rigs, electrical energy pylons, substations, pump stations, vessels, and tankers. These infrastructures have been attacked by terrorists, insurgents, vandals and saboteurs, all of whom see them as targets against which to register their grievances and extract concessions from the state. This paper is a chronological account of some of the documented incidents of terrorism, insurgency, kidnapping, destruction, sabotage, and human casualties suffered in the oil and gas sectors in Africa between 1999 and 2012. It is based on data extracted from the databases of the RAND Database of World Terrorism Incidents and the University of Maryland's Global Terrorism Database (GTD).     

Cyberpower in Strategic Affairs: Neither Unthinkable nor Blessed

Abstract

This article explores the effect of connectivity on strategic affairs. It argues that the effect on war's character is potentially, although not yet shown in practice, considerably large. Its effect upon the distribution of power among states in the international system is small, contrary to the claims of ‘cyberwar’ alarmists. All told, however, its effect upon strategic affairs is complex. On the one hand, it represents a significant advance in the ‘complexification’ of state strategies, understood in the sense of the production of intended effects. On the other hand, strategists today – still predominantly concerned with the conflicts and confrontations of states and organised military power – are generally missing the power which non-traditional strategic actors, better adapted to the network flows of the information age, are beginning to deploy. These new forms of organization and coercion will challenge the status quo.