发展装备再制造，提升军用装备保障力和战斗力

装备再制造是指废旧装备高技术修复、改造的产业化。大力发展装备再制造,可促进高技术在武器装备中的应用,推动武器装备维修保障方式的改变,是节省军费、提高装备性能的重要举措。装备再制造学科的建设是装甲兵工程学院学科建设新的增长点。通过加强宣传、组织试点、合力攻关、培养人才等综合措施,全力推进全军及学院装备再制造的发展。     

浅析建构武警反恐维稳学科的必要性

摘要：反恐维稳对武警部队教育训练内容提出了新的要求,学科建设必须紧紧围绕反恐维稳之需调整结构;反恐维稳对战术手段的运用提出了新的要求,学科建设必须进行反恐维稳战法创新;反恐维稳学科建设必须把新兴反恐维稳装备的研制,作为部队装备更新之本。     

论装备经济学科体系的构建与发展

确立装备经济学的逻辑体系,对装备经济学科建设起着引领作用。发展装备经济学科,应以国防研发作为学科研究重点,以信息经济学作为装备经济研究的主要工具,以装备定价、审价作为开展与部队交流合作的平台,把提高装备质量效益作为装备经济研究的核心。     

加强装备动员建设的几点认识

装备动员作为将装备保障潜力转化为装备保障实力的重要途径,是提高军队装备保障能力和战斗力的重要手段。按照信息化战争要求,加强装备动员建设,对于提高装备保障能力和军队“打赢”能力意义重大。     

努力加强边境应急作战一体化装备动员保障能力建设

所谓边境地区应急作战一体化装备动员保障能力建设,是指围绕边境应急作战任务,通过装备保障力量整合、装备保障方式结合、装备保障指挥联合、装备保障训练聚合、装备保障资源融合等多种方式和途径,将参战的所有装备动员保障分队,锻造成"应急能用、应战管用"过硬队伍的过程.     

装备保障仿真实体聚合模型

分布式仿真技术是解决装备保障方案评价问题的重要手段.由于装备保障方案是由一整套不同层次的综合保障要素方案组成,因此,对于不同层次的装备保障方案其仿真模型分辨率需求往往也不尽相同.为解决装备保障方案多层次建模问题,引入了装备保障仿真实体的概念,从属性、行为、保障关系和交互4方面出发定义了装备保障仿真实体元模型.在此基础上,提出了装备保障仿真聚合实体的概念,研究了实体属性聚合、行为聚合、保障关系聚合和交互聚合的方法,有效解决了装备保障仿真系统中的不同层次模型转化问题.最终以某旅前进保障群实体为例进行说明,并在联合作战装备保障仿真系统中进行了应用,证明了装备保障仿真实体聚合方法的有效性和可行性.     

集团军跨域应急作战装备保障能力建设研究

加强应急作战装备保障能力建设,是提高战斗力的重要组成部分。本文针对新体制、新形势下的军队战争形态、使命任务和训练要求,分析了集团军跨域应急作战装备保障的主要特点和当前装备保障存在的不足,并在此基础上,从构建理论体系和装备保障平台、人才队伍建设,装备保障模式以及装备保障实战化训练五个方面给出了集团军跨域应急作战装备保障能力建设和应对措施。     

基于本体的装备保障知识管理模型

信息化条件下的装备保障迫切需要对装备保障知识进行有效管理。将本体技术和知识管理引入装备保障领域,提出了基于本体的装备保障知识管理构想。定义了装备保障知识的概念,构建了基于业务流程的装备保障知识内容体系。从保障行动过程、知识管理过程和基础支撑体系3个维度构建了装备保障知识管理模型,提出了基于本体的装备保障知识管理总体框架,并分析了装备保障知识管理活动的关键环节。     

论建立综合的装备保障理论体系

装备保障已成为一个极其重要的和独立的军事活动 ,建立综合的装备保障理论体系是装备保障发展的客观要求 ,也是军事学科发展的现实需求。分析了装备保障与后勤保障的关系 ,装备保障理论体系与后勤保障理论体系的边界划分 ,装备保障理论体系的学科归属 ,最后对装备保障理论体系的构建进行了分析     

系统软件装备保障相关问题及对策

软件已经成为装备的一种重要类别,软件装备的保障面临一系列新的问题。操作系统作为重要的系统软件装备,其保障性具有一般软件装备的保障问题外,还有其作为系统软件装备的特殊性。从软件装备保障的一般性出发,讨论了软件装备保障的基本过程和保障模式,在此基础上,分析操作系统软件装备保障的特殊性,并给出了解决系统软件装备保障问题的对策。     

Critical interfaces in body armour systems

The ballistic performance, and behaviour, of an armour system is governed by two major sets of variables, geometrical and material. Of these, the consistency of performance, especially against small arms ammunition, will depend upon the consistency of the properties of the constituent materials. In a body armour system for example, fibre diameter, areal density of woven fabric, and bulk density of ceramic are examples of critical parameters and monitoring such parameters will form the backbone of associated quality control procedures. What is often overlooked, because it can fall into the User’s domain, are the interfaces that exist between the various products; the carrier, the Soft Armour Insert (SAI), and the one or two hard armour plates (HAP1 and HAP2). This is especially true if the various products are sourced from different suppliers.There are between 30 and 150 individual layers within a typical body armour system, and each of the interfaces between each of those layers will, in some way or another, contribute to the ballistic performance of the system. For example, consider the following interfaces/interlayers: (i) the frictional, sliding, inter-ply surfaces within a soft armour pack, and also between the pack and the carrier, (ii) the air-gaps that may develop within the soft armour pack, (iii) the interconnecting space between the soft armour pack and the hard armour plate, (iv) the nature of the interfaces between adjacent plies of a multiplied backing laminate, even in a highly compressed Ultra High Molecular Weight Polyethylene (UHMWPE) variant, (v) the interlayer between the ceramic and its substrate, within a HAP, and (vi) the geometrical fit between two hard armour plates within a stacked body armour system. This paper will provide a User-friendly overview of all such interfaces and provide unique guidance as to their criticality and influence.     

Lessons in airpower projection: Indochina and Algeria

The lessons from the two French counterinsurgencies, Indochina and Algeria, give rise to a new understanding of the projection of airpower in remote and hostile environments and the purpose, design, and use of aircraft in counterinsurgency. In both Indochina and Algeria, the campaigns were ones of poverty, and it is their imaginative management under severe resource constraints that provides thoughtful and applicable lessons for today. In both cases, airpower held the promise of delivering victory and solving the resource issue. In Indochina, acquisition of the needed aircraft, operating knowledge, and experience came too slowly to realize this promise. In Algeria, the French embraced the lessons from Indochina and were quite successful and innovative in the use of airpower. The lessons can be reduced to four requirements: (1) a network of airfields for liaison, ground-support, and intra-theater airlift to enable effective air support of ground forces; (2) a solid, reliable, and simple ground-support aircraft capable of operating from forward airfields within range of ground engagements; (3) a capable intra-theater heavy-lift transport to supply the extended ground forces; and (4) helicopter capability to enhance tactical troop mobility and support.     

海上编队传感器管理架构研究

在信息化海战场,获取信息优势是保障作战胜利的基础之一,海上编队传感器管理是提升传感器探测整体效能,从而达成信息优势的关键环节.首先分析了海上编队传感器管理需求,包括组成结构、作用以及编队、平台、传感器各层级的管理需求;其次研究了海上编队传感器管理的总体架构,提出采用混合式的体系结构,设计了事前规划与实时调度2个方面的处...     

Terrorism,insurgency, kidnapping,and security in Africa's energy sector

Energy continues to serve as the bedrock of modern economies and the main driver of modern society. For Africa, the production and supply of energy resources such as crude oil, natural gas, uranium, coal, biomass, biofuels and other renewables are an important source of employment, rents, taxes, royalties and profits. This sector brings in several tens of billions of dollars of revenue annually. The production and delivery of such resources, however, depend on critical infrastructures such as pipelines, refineries, processing plants, terminals, rigs, electrical energy pylons, substations, pump stations, vessels, and tankers. These infrastructures have been attacked by terrorists, insurgents, vandals and saboteurs, all of whom see them as targets against which to register their grievances and extract concessions from the state. This paper is a chronological account of some of the documented incidents of terrorism, insurgency, kidnapping, destruction, sabotage, and human casualties suffered in the oil and gas sectors in Africa between 1999 and 2012. It is based on data extracted from the databases of the RAND Database of World Terrorism Incidents and the University of Maryland's Global Terrorism Database (GTD).     

复杂体系的结构分析和建模研究

根据复杂体系的概念及其所呈现出的多种特性,利用复杂体系的使命分解和复杂体系的元素组成对复杂体系进行综合的结构分析,描述了目标分解、功能分解和行为分解的复杂体系使命目标三阶段分解过程以及系统单元、复合元和体系外部环境的复杂体系三元素结构框架。在此基础上,提出了采用一种“两层四级”的设计思想对复杂体系进行有效的结构建模设计,并针对复杂体系内部的相互位置层次及其功能关联定义了度量实体、层级映射、系统关联性和软构层等相关概念,清晰地阐释了复杂体系结构分析和建模时体系层次映射的实质,从而为复杂体系的效能评估以及体系改进和优化提供一定的理论指导。     

电影媒介的创意策略

电影是一门结合文学、戏剧、摄影、音乐、舞蹈、绘画等多种艺术形式的综合艺术,且其本身又具有独自的艺术特征。作为一种核心文化创意产业,在诞生的那一刻开始就具有了艺术与商业的双重属性。电影策划工作是确立作品创作走向、保证作品艺术质量、获取预期的社会效益与经济效益的重要工作。从纵向来说,电影策划工作包括了作品出台前的市场调研、作品制作的过程以及作品推出后的营销创意、实施方案、配合宣传和相关产品制作和开发等各个相关的环节;从横向来说,它就是一种既统观全局又体察入微的创意过程,是一个名副其实的系统工程。     

Formation and impact-induced separation of tandem EFPs

The formation and separation behaviors of tandem EFPs are studied by the combination of experiments and simulations. The results show that different formation and separation processes can be obtained by adjusting the double-layer liners, and simulations agree with experiments well. Then, the interaction process between the two liners is discussed in details, and the formation and separation mechanism are revealed. It can be found that there are four phases in the formation and separation processes, including impact phase, propulsion phase, slide phase and free flight phase. During the impact phase, the velocities of two liners rise in turns with kinetic energy exchange. In the propulsion phase, the axial impact becomes insignificant, but the radial interaction between two liners influences the appearance of tandem EFPs. Meanwhile, it should be mentioned that the inner surface of foregoing EFP remains to be in contact with the outer surface of following EFP in the propulsion phase, and the following one would continue to push the foregoing one for about 10μ to 20 μs, causing the velocities of following and foregoing EFPs gradually decreasing and increasing respectively. In the slide phase, an obvious relative movement occurs between the two EFPs, and there would be barely kinetic energy exchange. Then, the two EFPs separate gradually and get into the phase of free flight. Generally, if the outer and inner liners have the same thickness, the outer copper-inner copper liners form two long EFPs, the outer copper-inner steel liners become a foregoing short steel EFP and a following long copper EFP, and the outer steel-inner copper liners produce a foregoing long copper EFP and a following conical steel EFP. In addition, thickness match also has an important impact on formation appearance and separation process for both outer copper-inner copper liners and outer steel-inner copper liners. With the thickness ratio of outer liner to inner liner decreasing, the length and length-diameter ratio of both foregoing and following EFPs increase gradually.     

装备技术人才军民融合定制化培训模式

本文依托军民融合国家战略基础,对比国内外发展现状,分析现行培训形式的不足之处,梳理军民融合式培训需求,将军民融合理念贯穿人才培训全过程。针对军事体制调整后的专业技师和工程师等专业技术骨干,形成一套培训要求“专业化”对接、培训师资“军学研”共建、培训内容“菜单式”定制、培训样式“多手段”并举以及培训效果“递进式”发挥的装备技术人才军民融合定制化培训模式,并且有针对性地提出军民融合基地化培训的建设框架,从培训管理、培训实施等方面提出方法,为部队拓宽专业技术人才培训通道,实现被动式培训向主动式培训转变,提高装备实战化保障能力提供借鉴和指导。     

To Be or Not To Be: The Development of Soviet Deck Aviation

Few issues were as contentious in the development of the Soviet Navy as the role of aircraft carriers and sea-based aviation. Despite the continued insistence by the highest naval authorities and scientific experts that surface combatants simply could not be protected in the open ocean without the support of ship-borne aviation, Soviet leaders – for a variety of reasons – resisted aircraft carrier development until the final decades of the Cold War. In examining one of the most defining and telling asymmetries of the Cold War at sea, the author argues that while the USSR was economically and technologically capable of building aircraft carriers of any class, bureaucratic infighting, misperceptions of cost and practicality, and the inherent flaws of a totalitarian system ultimately created an impossible gap in capabilities between the two sides. The priorities and direction of Soviet weapons and defense technology development during the Cold War was largely a factor of the military-political situation taking shape at home, and in the world. As a rule, the navy was assigned missions that corresponded to its capabilities at a given point in time, rather than the other way around. Often, the navy lacked the material resources needed to implement its core mission. The availability of these resources, in turn, depended on the country's economic situation, its scientific potential, the technological state of its industry, as well as the subjective influence of political and military leaders on the priorities of technological development. The impact of the country's socioeconomic imperatives was undoubtedly also felt in the sluggish pace of development of ship-borne aviation and aircraft carriers in the USSR.     

【专题】编者按

本文结合新体制新任务转型建设的要求和装备论证、研制、试验与评估工作实践及备战训练需求,针对装备作战能力生成、保持、提升和发挥,提出了作战能力图谱概念的定义、用途、分类、特点、数据来源、应用场景、生成和使用流程以及技术应用研究方向;并静态展示了装备能力指标体系、装备作战能力任务满足度、装备组成与作战能力支撑、同类装备作战能力对比、单项能力指标分解、作战能力关系以及作战能力任务需求等可视化的作战能力图谱示例。开展此项研究旨在为从事装备规划、论证、研制及试验的科研人员以及作战指挥员在了解掌握和综合运用并有效发挥装备作战能力等活动时,提供一种描述、传达、汇总以及交付装备作战能力的数据可视化方法。