舰用燃气轮机起动失效分析

以舰用燃气轮机为对象,在简述燃气轮机起动过程的基础上,分析其起动失效的各种原因,提出解决的方法,为燃气轮机的操作及维护提供参考．     

日本主力驱逐舰动力装置剖析

被誉为日本主力驱逐舰的“朝雾”、“金刚”、“村雨”三级舰,均采用由4台燃气轮机组成的燃气轮机联合动力装置(COGAG)。表面上看,各级舰的动力系统是一样的,但它们之间还是有区别的。仅海上自卫队,包括原型机在内,所使用的柴油机有将近30种不同的机型,而燃气轮机只有6种机型,其中导弹艇用的LM 500与“初     

前言

本文以一九七七年十月——一九七八年三月英国罗尔斯·罗依斯公司和霍克·西德来公司在来华技术坐谈中提供的技术资料为主要依据,同时也参考了目前所能查到的有关中外文献资料,编写而成。其主要内容包括:“奥林普斯”燃气轮机发展及改装的概况;舰用“奥林普斯”TM3B 燃气轮机的主要性能和技术数据;舰用“奥林普斯”TM3B     

志存高远 中国舰用燃气轮机总师访谈录

闻雪友,中国工程院院士。1940年出生,1962年7月上海交通大学毕业后分配到中国船舶工业总公司第七研究院703所工作至今,1984年6月任研究所总工程师,1992年至2000年任研究所所长。闻院士长期从事舰船/工业燃气轮机装置的研究设计工作,曾任我国多型舰用燃气轮机机组的研制负责人,后又曾组织实施多项与燃气轮机相关的大型民用工程,为我国舰用燃气轮机的发展和民用化进程做出了重要贡献。在40多年的科研生涯中,闻院士获国家及省部级科技成果奖8项。闻院士现任某型国产化船用燃气轮机的总设计师和"高温气冷反应实验堆"工程中我国首次研制的"闭式氦气透平压气机组"的总设计师。2007年6月,本刊记者对闻院士进行了专访。     

燃气轮机在中型水面舰艇的应用与发展

三十年前第一艘燃气轮机舰艇问世后,人们很快就发现了燃气轮机作为舰艇主机的独特长处和潜在优势。燃气轮机单机功率大、机组重量轻尺寸小、机动性好、工作可靠、易管理维修、可快速更换,较好地满足了现代水面舰艇对主机的战术性能的要求。起初燃气轮机主要是做小型水面舰艇的加速主机,随着舰用燃气轮机性能的日益完善,它被越来越多的水面舰艇所采用,不仅做加速主机,并且做巡航主机。六十年代末开始建造的中型水面舰艇,大都装有燃气轮机。截至1975年1月为止,三十多个国家共拥有644艘燃气轮机舰艇,装舰总台数达1573台,总功率约1569万马力。现就国外燃气轮机在中型水面舰艇的使用和发展情况介绍如下。     

日本船用燃气轮机

本文综述了日本船用燃气轮机的发展情况,并较为全面、系统地介绍了日本各型船用燃气轮机及其装船情况。分析了日本发展船用燃气轮机的特点和趋势,以便使读者对日本船用燃气轮机及其装舰情况的全貌有一个比较清楚的了解。     

舰用“奥林普斯”燃气轮机推进装置

“奥林普斯”燃气轮机发展概况舰用“奥林普斯”燃气轮机是由航空涡轮喷气发动机改装而成的大功率舰艇主机。其燃气发生器的母型就是航空“奥林普斯”MK201型发动机。一、航空“奥林普斯”发动机的演变早在一九四六年,英国为了装备远程轰炸机,开始设计低油耗、大推力的航空燃气轮机。从热力学观点考虑,若要降低简单循环燃气轮机的耗油率,就必须提高燃气的初参数,即提高燃气的温度和压力。当时承担此项研制工作的布列斯托尔公司(于一九六七     

WR—21舰用燃气轮机

WR—21为美海军根据先进水面机械设备计划研制的功率为26400马力的中冷回热舰用燃气轮机。在 WR—21两年的计划实施过程中,威斯汀豪斯公司和罗罗公司的工作组设计了燃气轮机的所有硬件,完成了大部分的模型和部件试验。作为 WR—21中冷回热燃气轮机的主包商,威斯汀豪斯公司的船用分部对 WR—21系统全权负     

新一代舰用燃气轮机即将问世

自从60年代英国皇家海军决定水面舰艇动力采用然气轮机以来,舰用燃气轮机获得了迅速发展。西方国家在发展舰用燃气轮机过程中选择了采用成熟的航空发动机改型的道路,英国的“太因”、“埃汶”、“斯贝”、“奥林普斯”及 RB211,美国的 LM 2500、LM 500、LM1600、FT 9等均被广泛用于海军舰艇。其中,通用电气公司的 LM 2500是美国当前海军舰艇的主要动力。由于在航空发动机基础上衍生的轻型燃气轮机具有优异的性能,因此,是否采用燃气轮机已经成为海军装备现代化的一个重要标志。     

解耦的三轴气浮台非线性模糊变结构鲁棒控制问题

针对飞行器全物理仿真三轴气浮台这一具有不确定性的、耦合的非线性系统,对其动力学耦合和可解耦性问题进行了分析、计算和证明.通过综合变结构控制和模糊控制,给出了一种新的非线性控制系统设计方法,此方法既可以避免变结构控制所固有的颤动现象,同时由于该模糊控制律的解析性,所以也具有实现简单,易于工程化的优点.仿真结果表明,给出的模糊变结构控制,对飞行器模型不确定性和外来干扰具有较强的和良好的跟踪性能.     

Reviews

Douglas S. Derrer, We Are All the Target: A Handbook of Terrorism Avoidance and Hostage Survival. Annapolis, MD: US Naval Institute Press, 1992. Pp. x+135, notes, index. $14.95. ISBN 01–55750–150–5

Ian Knight, Zulu: Isandlwana and Rorke's Drift, 22–23 January 1879. London: Windrow & Greene, 1992. Pp.136, 150 illus., incl 8 colour plates, maps, biblio. £35. ISBN 1–872004–23–7

Ian Knight, By the Orders of the Great White Queen: Campaigning in Zululand through the Eyes of the British Soldiers, 1879. London: Greenhill Books and Novato: Presidio Press, 1992. Pp. 272, 17 illus., 1 map. £18.95. ISBN 1–85367–122–3

Manfried Rauchensteiner and Erwin A. Schmidl (eds.), Formen des Krieges: vom Mittelalter zum ‘Low‐intensity’ Conflict’. Graz : Verlag Styria, 1991. Pp.208. DM35. ISBN 3–22–12139–7

Harold J. Kearsley, Maritime Power and the Twenty‐First Century. Dartmouth: Dartmouth Publishing Company, Limited, 1992. Pp.xv + 203, 13 diagrams, index. £32.50. ISBN 1–85521–288–9     

Panjwai: a tale of two COINs in Afghanistan

The US Army has two approaches to counterinsurgency operations in Afghanistan. One is hard, or combat-focused, and the other is soft, or development-focused. This study examines two US Army task forces deployed to Panjwai District, Afghanistan from 2012 to 2013. CTF 4-9 and 1-38 offer a meaningful comparison because they pursued these contrasting approaches among the same population and against the same enemy at the same time and place. The study compares each unit’s approach and finds that neither approach was successful absent the other. The article concludes by recommending further research into combining the approaches at the operational level.     

线性核时频信号表示及其仿真

根据ｃｈｉｒｐ信号在模糊域的特点,本文提出了线性核时频表示方法。这种方法在提高分辨率、消除交叉项以及抑制噪声等方面都具有较高的性能。理论分析和实验结果都证实了这种方法的有效性     

Putin – the masked nemesis of the strategy of ambiguity

Recent events demonstrate the complex and adaptive approach employed by Russia to reassert influence in Europe. The changing face of Russia’s strategy commenced in 2007 when it launched a crippling cyber-attack against Estonia. This was followed by a large Russian conventional attack against Georgia in 2008, occupying two large areas of the nation. 2014 witnessed the Russian annexation of Crimea where in just a week, Russia seized control of Crimea “without firing a shot.” The annexation of Crimea was rapidly followed by a Russian inspired and led subversive war in eastern Ukraine. The common thread among these diverse Russian operations is its use of ambiguity to confound and confuse decision makers in the West.     

Forecasting a Hurricane: Israeli and American Estimations of the Khomeini Revolution

The surprising ‘Arab Spring’ raises the question as to what would enable national intelligence to provide high quality warnings prior to the eruption of popular revolutions. This article uses new sources of evidence to trace and explain Israel's success in comparison to US failure at correctly estimating the course of the Iranian Revolution in 1977–79. In explaining this variance, the article shows that it was mainly the result of the intimate acquaintance of Israel's representatives in Iran with the local language, history and culture, as well as the ability to communicate with locals – tools which the Americans completely lacked.     

关于教师继续教育培训模式的思考

继续教育作为终身教育的重要组成部分和基本形式,对教师的发展成长意义重大。继续教育工作开展十多年来,取得了一定的成绩,但还存在不少问题,如学习动机较为被动,管理认识不到位,教学内容陈旧空泛,教学方法呆板机械等。随着课程改革的不断深入,继续教育必须采取相应的改进措施,树立以人为本,服务至上的观点,教学内容的前瞻性与实用性并重,教学人员进行整合,教学方法灵活多样,评价考核规范科学等,以此激活受训教师内在的学习动机,更大程度地提高继续教育培训的实际效果。     

用DirectShow实现网络视频

目前市场上的网络监控技术一般用昂贵的硬件设备来支撑,投资较大。在深入研究微软的DirectX9.0的基础上,提出如何用DirectShow软件技术和普通的数字摄像头来实现网络视频的监控和实现技术,内容涉及通信协议、视频的编码与解码技术、视频的编码格式和COM组件编程技术等,最终的实验结果令人满意,且费用低廉,技术可靠,为在高速局域网内构建视频监控系统提供有效的技术支持。     

Interpreting the Ribchester Helmet

In 1796 a 13-year-old boy playing on wasteland behind his father’s house in Ribchester, Lancashire discovered an assemblage of over 30 Roman artefacts, including a decorated brass helmet. Although partially corroded the Ribchester helmet is a fine example of a first-century AD cavalry sports helmet. This article considers how the interpretation of the helmet has evolved since its discovery. The multi-faceted iconography of the helmet with its mural crown diadem is that of an elite soldier and is paralleled in other examples of cavalry sports helmets of the Ribchester type. The long-neglected imagery on the helmet bowl is reinterpreted and seen not as a haphazard collection of randomly placed combatants but as a highly structured, symmetrical composition specifically designed to be viewed from different directions.     

Desert insurgency: lessons from the third Tuareg rebellion

This article provides an in-depth examination and analysis of the 2006–2009 Tuareg rebellion in Mali and Niger. It identifies the underlying reasons behind the rebellion, explores contrasting counter-insurgency (COIN) strategies employed by the two governments, and presents some lessons learned. While both COIN approaches ultimately produced similar peace settlements, the article argues that the Malian strategy of reconciliation combined with the selective use of force was far more effective than the Nigerien iron fist approach at limiting the size and scope of the insurgency and producing a more sustainable peace. It concludes by looking at the role of external actors, particularly the United States, and how the failure to internationalize the conflict was actually more beneficial to the local COIN effort, as well as to the longer strategic interests of the United States in the region.