卫星对水面航渡阶段潜艇的探测概率分析

利用遥感手段实施对潜探测已对潜艇保持隐蔽性构成了严重威胁。基于对各种类型相关卫星的参数和探测能力的分析,计算出在不同气象条件下、不同出航时间时卫星对远航潜艇的水面航渡阶段的的探测概率。这对分析潜艇远航暴露的原因、制定合理的远航计划都具有一定的参考价值。     

潜艇知识问答（反潜作战篇）

1.反潜兵力、兵器主要有哪些?答:目前反潜兵力主要有:反潜航空兵、反潜水面舰艇、反潜潜艇和岸基反潜兵力;除去各反潜兵力配备的反潜武器外,现代化反潜兵器主要还有:卫星搜潜系统、水下无人潜航器和海底水听阵搜潜系统等。2、卫星是如何对潜艇进行探测的?答:卫星反潜是近些年来新出现的反潜武器之一,其搜潜特点是搜潜海域广、信息处理实时。卫星搜潜主要通过照相、摄像、电子扫描、探测、无线频谱分析等手段来对潜艇进行探     

发射潜空导弹对潜艇生存概率影响

潜艇对抗反潜机中潜空导弹的使用是一个对潜艇生存概率产生重大影响的复杂的决策过程,运用贝叶斯网络将过程指标体系作为修后评价指标体系的先验知识。首先建立潜艇发射潜空导弹后潜艇生存概率的评价指标体系,然后,建立贝叶斯网络模型,通过改进的模糊综合评价方法确定了根节点的先验概率,通过专家经验法确定了子节点的条件概率,并给出了模型的具体求解步骤。最后将先验概率与条件概率输入Netica仿真软件,对贝叶斯网络进行仿真与分析。结果表明:提出的方法能够在一定程度上解决潜空导弹发射后潜艇的生存概率问题,为完善潜艇的作战理论和潜艇生存概率评估提供了借鉴。     

非声探潜技术现状及其对抗措施

介绍了雷达探测技术、磁探测技术、激光探测技术、尾迹探测技术、废气探测技术、红外探测技术及其他一些非声探潜技术的发展现状及趋势.通过对各种非声探潜器材的使用条件和技术性能的分析,找出了其探测潜艇的优势与不足,并有针对性地提出了保持和提高潜艇隐蔽性的有效措施,提高了潜艇的战斗能力.     

编队对潜防御及效能评估

针对编队对潜防御的主要任务和基本原则,对编队防潜区域的划分和兵力部署进行了论述,并对编队防潜效果进行了定量计算.运用概率论知识建立了模型算法,以完好警戒舰艇数的数学期望和警戒兵力摧毁攻击潜艇的概率为效能评估指标,经定量计算得出了编队对潜防御时所需警戒兵力的数量及对潜艇的毁伤概率,并用被警戒舰艇的生存概率表征编队总的防潜效果.该模型为我海军编队防潜训练提供了理论依据,较好地满足了海上编队对潜防御兵力运用需求.     

航母综合作战区警戒兵力对潜警戒能力及配置

在定量分析综合作战区航母受敌潜艇威胁、警戒兵力对潜警戒能力的基础上,依据航母综合作战区警戒兵力配置的基本原则,提出了航母综合作战区对潜警戒兵力配置的方法,可为反潜作战指挥员优化航母综合作战区对潜警戒兵力的配置提供决策支持与参考。     

国外潜射导弹的现状和发展趋势(一)

潜艇是海军的主要突击兵力之一,随着现代科学技术的飞速发展,潜射导弹武器也得到飞速发展,使未来海战方式产生了深刻的变化。潜射导弹分为潜射弹道导弹、潜射巡航导弹、潜舰导弹和潜空导弹等类型。潜射弹道导弹现在世界上仅有美、俄、英、法与中国五个国家拥有弹道导弹核潜艇。在国家“三位一体”战略核武器结构中,弹道导弹核潜艇以其隐蔽性好、机动性和生存能力强而成为战略核威慑力量的中坚,是最有效的核报复力量。冷战结束后,     

护卫海疆

北海舰队某潜艇支队在训练工作中,坚持严打基础,瞄准实战,加大力度进行新老 潜艇战术配台训练和潜机、潜舰对抗及协同训练,使参训兵力在对抗中切磋,在协同中 提高,加快了新装备形成战斗力的步伐,促进了部队整体战斗力的提高。图为潜艇出海 训练的一组镜头。     

网络中心战下的潜艇作战

攻击型潜艇是海军基本的常规作战兵力。攻击型潜艇(以下简称潜艇)以其独有的隐蔽性好、突击威力大、续航时间长、自给力大等优点,在历次海战中发挥了重要的作用,倍受各国海军的重视。而潜艇诞生以来的历次军事革命所产生的许多新技术、新战法应     

反潜战的概念及地位

反潜战也称防潜战,是指对敌潜艇斗争的统称。它包括对敌潜艇的进攻和防御,即使用反潜兵力、兵器积极主动地搜索、攻击敌潜艇或采取种种措施限制敌潜艇的活动。其目的是不让敌人有效地使用其的潜艇。反潜战与潜艇战是一对人类战争史上的双胞胎,自第一次世界大战潜艇崭露头角时,反潜战就随之产生了,并随着潜艇技术装备和使命的发展而发展。潜艇作为海战的一种兵力,在两次世界大战中曾取得过显赫的战果。战后随着科学的不断进步和     

Putin – the masked nemesis of the strategy of ambiguity

Recent events demonstrate the complex and adaptive approach employed by Russia to reassert influence in Europe. The changing face of Russia’s strategy commenced in 2007 when it launched a crippling cyber-attack against Estonia. This was followed by a large Russian conventional attack against Georgia in 2008, occupying two large areas of the nation. 2014 witnessed the Russian annexation of Crimea where in just a week, Russia seized control of Crimea “without firing a shot.” The annexation of Crimea was rapidly followed by a Russian inspired and led subversive war in eastern Ukraine. The common thread among these diverse Russian operations is its use of ambiguity to confound and confuse decision makers in the West.     

India's counter-insurgency experience: the ‘trust and nurture’ strategy

The Indian Army, a force trained primarily for conventional warfare, has been engaged in internal counter-insurgency operations since the 1950s. Despite such a long innings on a counter-insurgency mode, little attention has been accorded within military circles to doctrinal innovation for waging sub-conventional warfare in India's democratic political context. At best, the Army continues to view counter-insurgency duty as secondary to its primary duty of defending India from external conventional threats. By conceptualizing a counter-insurgency strategy of ‘trust and nurture’, this article aims to fill this critical doctrinal gap in India's military policy. The author argues that a counter-insurgency strategy of ‘trust and nurture’ based on democratic political culture, measured military methods, special counter-insurgency forces, local social and cultural awareness and an integrative nation-building approach will result in positive handling of India's internal security problems. The author utilizes India's counter-insurgency experiences in Assam, Mizoram, Nagaland, Punjab, and Operation ‘Sadhbhavana’ in Jammu and Kashmir as illustrative empirical indicants in order to validate the ‘trust and nurture’ strategy.     

An Unlikely Alliance: Portuguese and South African Airpower in Angola, 1968–1974

The war that Portugal was obliged to fight in Africa began in 1961 and immediately stretched the resources of its armed forces. Nowhere was this thinness more apparent than in policing the vast territory of Angola. The east and southeast of Angola were particularly vulnerable, as the area was a vast, sparsely populated region characterised by enormous featureless plains or chanas covered in tall grass and broken by an extensive river system and mountainous forests. The only military solution to policing these immense spaces was aviation and specifically the helicopter that could carry troops into battle, protect them with a gunship and bring them home when the operation was concluded. The immediate problem for the Portuguese Air Force (Força Aérea Portuguesa or FAP) in Angola and elsewhere was a scarcity of helicopters. The solution was an alliance with South Africa, which had a strong inventory of Alouette IIIs, to help in policing the east. This move was likewise in the interest of South Africa, as its threat came from Zambia through south-eastern Angola. This article examines the strategic and tactical development of this unusual, cross-cultural alliance and the symbiotic relationship that resulted in destruction of the enemies of both in Angola.     

国内外结构钢焊条研究的现状与发展

本文主要介绍了国外焊条的现状和发展趋势,包括焊条的高韧性、高效率、低尘低毒和耐吸潮性能,为国内的焊条研究提供了参考依据。     

A Sign of Victory?: ‘Scottish Swords’ and Other Weapons in the Possession of the ‘Auld Innemie’

Many late medieval documents, notably inventories of arms and armour, of Englishmen contain references to ‘Scottish swords’ and other weapons. What did the compilers of these documents mean when they described a weapon as ‘Scottish’? How did such weapons come to be in the possession of these men? This article will attempt to explain this phenomenon drawing on primary documentary sources and surviving material culture from Glasgow Museums’ collections and others, as well as artworks from the period.     

Helping hands: civil–military cooperation and Italy's military operation abroad

In the Post-Bipolar Era the growing complexity of the military operations requires a new approach for the resolution of international crises. Since the end of the Cold War, peace support operations (PSO) have become the mainstay and principal occupation of most Western armies. At the same time, Italy has been one of the most important actors in such an area. The article focuses on the cooperation between military and civil components (a process called CIMIC) as a key variable in the Italian PSOs. We will analyse in detail the main lessons learned from past military interventions as well as the general context in which new tendencies are taking place. The maintaining of a minimum security frame becomes essential to fulfil activities ‘collateral’ to the mission: reconstructing services and infrastructure, food distribution, water and medication, law and order, de-mining, training of local forces, and supporting local institutions. These are the main tasks to obtain thrust and support from the population.     

Terrorism,insurgency, kidnapping,and security in Africa's energy sector

Energy continues to serve as the bedrock of modern economies and the main driver of modern society. For Africa, the production and supply of energy resources such as crude oil, natural gas, uranium, coal, biomass, biofuels and other renewables are an important source of employment, rents, taxes, royalties and profits. This sector brings in several tens of billions of dollars of revenue annually. The production and delivery of such resources, however, depend on critical infrastructures such as pipelines, refineries, processing plants, terminals, rigs, electrical energy pylons, substations, pump stations, vessels, and tankers. These infrastructures have been attacked by terrorists, insurgents, vandals and saboteurs, all of whom see them as targets against which to register their grievances and extract concessions from the state. This paper is a chronological account of some of the documented incidents of terrorism, insurgency, kidnapping, destruction, sabotage, and human casualties suffered in the oil and gas sectors in Africa between 1999 and 2012. It is based on data extracted from the databases of the RAND Database of World Terrorism Incidents and the University of Maryland's Global Terrorism Database (GTD).     

Cyberpower in Strategic Affairs: Neither Unthinkable nor Blessed

Abstract

This article explores the effect of connectivity on strategic affairs. It argues that the effect on war's character is potentially, although not yet shown in practice, considerably large. Its effect upon the distribution of power among states in the international system is small, contrary to the claims of ‘cyberwar’ alarmists. All told, however, its effect upon strategic affairs is complex. On the one hand, it represents a significant advance in the ‘complexification’ of state strategies, understood in the sense of the production of intended effects. On the other hand, strategists today – still predominantly concerned with the conflicts and confrontations of states and organised military power – are generally missing the power which non-traditional strategic actors, better adapted to the network flows of the information age, are beginning to deploy. These new forms of organization and coercion will challenge the status quo.