An analysis of the Washington naval agreements and the economic provisions of arms control theory

During the Cold War, two contending hypotheses dominated theories concerning the economic impact of anus control. The first suggested that when certain prerequisites were fulfilled, arms control agreements served to promote lasting reduction in military spending. The second asserted that instead of promoting savings, arms control encouraged diversion of resources to more advanced and expensive weapons, thus driving defense spending higher. Through the examination of the impact of the Washington Naval Agreements on naval expenditure during the 1920s, this paper provides empirical evidence to support the latter of these competing hypotheses. The United States, Great Britain, and Japan all realized economic savings after signing the Washington Naval Agreements. However, these savings soon eroded as the powers developed more advanced weapons‐systems.     

朝核问题对中国边境安全的影响

朝核问题一直是困扰东北亚地区安全的核心问题,自20世纪90年代第一次朝核危机至今．朝核问题不但没有得到妥善解决,反而更加复杂。2006年10月9日,朝鲜宣布成功进行了地下核试验,朝鲜半岛再一次成为全球关注的焦点。在前人研究的基础上,就朝核问题产生的背景,朝核问题对中国边境地区经济、地区稳定以及生态环境等方面产生的影响进行分析和探讨。     

析魏晋南北朝孝文化的特征

魏晋南北朝时期的孝文化有两大突出之处：一个是特剐重视对以《孝经》为核心的孝道的研究和传播,主要表现在皇家重视学习、研究和传播孝道,学者对《孝经》等作了大量注解;另一个是在士族制度等因素的影响下,沿袭了汉代的“孝治天下”．但更具有虚伪性。     

Budget allocation under uncertainty and the costs of war and insecurity

This study presents a framework and models for the analysis of government budget allocation into defense and civilian expenditures in situations of uncertainty about the incidence of war. The models display the intricate relationships between security levels, subjective probabilities of the occurrence of war, and potential war damages. We show that poor countries tend to perceive greater probabilities of war than their richer rivals, and that the psychological burden of insecurity is larger when the country’s wealth is larger and when its preference for security is higher. We apply our models to the Israeli–Syrian arms race and show that the higher rate of growth of Israel’s gross domestic product relative to that of Syria is expected to lead to an increase in Syria’s perception of the likelihood of war and to a decrease in Israel’s perception of such a likelihood. We also show that if Syria’s regime becomes ideologically more extreme, the monetary cost of maintaining Israel’s security at the level that it enjoyed prior to the change will be very high, whereas the monetary cost of maintaining Israel’s welfare will be moderate.     

An informal framework to aid the analysis and design of military posture

The design of military posture is an exercise in confronting potential enemies’ capabilities within the context of geographic, technological, temporal, political and economic constraints. No formal model is capable of encapsulating the essentials of so complex an environment for closed or simulated analysis, but it is useful to have an informal framework within which to reason interactively within these dimensions.

This paper presents such a scaffolding, patterned on the notion of a military posture as the output of an economic process whose structure reflects important determinants of the characteristics and extents of weaponry and expenditures that are appropriate to the environment within the feasibility set determined by the constraints. The analysis remains at an abstract level, but it does highlight the important shifts toward preparation for littoral warfare, greater reliance on reserve rather than active forces, and necessary changes in missions among military departments.     

Globalisation in the defence industry: An exploration of the paradigm for us and European defence firms and the implications for being global players

This paper explores some of the key issues associated with the restructuring of the defence industry. A comparison is made between the US and the European Defence Industrial Bases in terms of the drivers for change and the paradigms within which change has taken place. Having shown that some very important differences exist, the paper then explores the approaches that have been adopted for industry consolidation and references them to the academic literature on mergers and acquisitions (M&As) and strategic alliances (SAs). Given that most of the key defence players recognise the need to be global players, the paper presents an argument that the European firms’ experience of operating with a wide range of forms of corporate alliance will serve them in good stead for operating on a global defence scale. US firms, in contrast, have focused largely on M&A activity.     

新疆南北疆高等教育发展非均衡的比较分析

新疆的高等教育自改革开放以来取得了巨大的成就,但目前新疆南北疆高等教育在数量、规模与发展速度、办学条件、综合实力及师资等方面存在明显差距。本文以新疆南北疆普通高等院校为实例,比较分析南北疆高等院校发展非均衡的现状,并提出加快南疆高等教育发展的建议,以期逐步缩小南北疆高等教育发展的差距,促进区域高等教育协调、均衡发展。     

语文课程文本缺席现状及回归策略

在富有灵性的语文新课程中,阅读不能远离文本,远离作者,只有忠实于文本这一阅读中的特殊主体,以文本和作者的具体状况为基础的创造性阅读和个性化体验,才是语文新课程下真正的阅读。本文聚焦新课程小学语文阅读教学实践领域,分析随意肢解、拓展、歪曲、冲淡语文教材载体的文本缺席现状,从对文本价值的理解、文本处理规律的把握、教师引导阅读的作用和教师课程功力的提升四个角度,提出回归策略。     

浅析炮车比

本文以坦克发射时车体的角振幅和乘员所受加速度不超过一定值为基础,推导了炮车比极限值的理论公式;并对影响炮车比极值的因素进行了分析,最后,以59式坦克为例得出炮车比不超过1.71,该结论具有普遍意义.     

新疆人口结构与双语教育发展空间的实证分析

本文主要从人口民族结构与人口地域结构两个方面,对新疆双语教育的发展与新疆少数民族人口结构进行了实证分析,并在此基础上,提出新疆双语教育的可发展空间,以期为新疆双语教育的发展提供参考,进而提升新疆整体的教育水平。     

应对突发事件的思想政治教育思想导向机制建设探析

应对突发事件的思想政治教育思想导向机制建设的内容主要是抓好五个教育,即科学理论教育、社会主义优越性教育、基本国情和形势教育、党的惠民工程教育、社会主义利益观教育。其应强调的问题及对策包括三个方面,即准确把握教育对象的思想动态、增强思想导向的实效性、坚持以人为本。     

社会单位建筑消防设施现状与对策研究

确保社会单位建筑消防设施的完好有效,直接关系到建筑物整体的防灾、抗灾的能力,也是筑牢社会单位＂防火墙＂工程的基本保障之一。剖析了社会单位建筑消防设施的现状,分析存在的问题,并就加强建筑消防设施的日常管理提出了几点设想和建议。     

应然与实然:网络对大学生政治社会化的影响及对策分析

随着现代科学技术的发展,网络是大学生获取政治信息、进行政治表达、参与政治活动的重要途径。由于网络信息传播的特性,对大学生政治社会化具有双重影响,为保证大学生政治社会化的健康发展,文章探析了网络对大学生政治社会化的影响,并针对负面影响提出了发挥"两课"教育作用促进政治文化习得,营造良好的网络环境促进政治文化认同,引导理性的政治实践提升政治生活参与能力等具体对策。