软管水面穿越河流的力学分析探讨

软管水面穿越河流具有铺设迅速,检修方便,容易掌握和使用等优点,尤其是对于不通航河流,是软质机动管线临时穿越河流的首选方式。准确计算软管所受拉力是可靠地设计穿越装备、管线安全施工及运行的关键。提出了软管水面穿越河流的计算假设,建立了力学模型,利用积分法导出了软管两端拉力的计算公式,指出了影响拉力的因素。     

机动管线河流水面铺设牵引力分析与计算

机动管线在穿越河流时常采用水面浮运的方式铺设到对岸,铺设过程中,准确计算管线所受拉力是可靠地设计穿越装备、管线安全施工及运行的关键。建立了水面浮运的数学模型,得出了受力面积的选取方法,利用积分法导出了管线两端拉力的计算公式,指出了影响拉力的因素。采用3种流速方式分别计算出管线两端的拉力并进行了比较,采用符合实际情况的水面流速函数计算出的结果比较合适,对铺设设备的选取提供了理论支撑,对管线铺设有一定的参考价值。     

酸性条件下几种锅炉炉管钢腐蚀性能分析

研究了几种锅炉炉管钢在 p H=3的 H2 SO4 溶液中腐蚀速率的差异 .电化学测试结果表明 :炉管钢的腐蚀速率与钢中合金元素的种类和含量有一定关系 ;含铬、钼量较高的钢种腐蚀速率较低 .由此可见 ,铬元素是抑制炉管钢在酸性介质中发生腐蚀的最主要的合金元素 ,其他元素如钼、镍等对炉管钢的腐蚀性能也有重要影响     

牵连运动为平动时单自由度自动机的动力学普遍方程

本文根据戴成勋教授的思想,对戴氏方程和韩氏方程予以修正,并导出了牵连运动为平动时,单自由度自动机动力学普遍方程。     

An efficient and modular modeling for launch dynamics of tubed rockets on a moving launcher

This paper develops a modular modeling and efficient formulation of launch dynamics with marching fire (LDMF) using a mixed formulation of the transfer matrix method for multibody systems (MSTMM) and Newton-Euler formulation. Taking a ground-borne multiple launch rocket systems (MLRS), the focus is on the launching subsystem comprising the rocket, flexible tube, and tube tail. The launching subsystem is treated as a coupled rigid-flexible multibody system, where the rocket and tube tail are treated as rigid bodies while the flexible tube as a beam with large motion. Firstly, the tube and tube tail can be elegantly handled by the MSTMM, a computationally efficient order-N formulation. Then, the equation of motion of the in-bore rocket with relative kinematics w.r.t. the tube using the Newton-Euler method is derived. Finally, the rocket, tube, and tube tail dynamics are coupled, yielding the equation of motion of the launching subsystem that can be regarded as a building block and further integrated with other subsystems. The deduced dynamics equation of the launching subsystem is not limited to ground-borne MLRS but also fits for tanks, self-propelled artilleries, and other air-borne and naval-borne weapons undergoing large motion. Numerical simulation results of LDMF are given and partially verified by the experiment.     

焊接钢质药筒与引伸药筒内弹道设计一致性研究

装备内弹道的一致性对其性能影响较大。经过长期对多个弹种用药筒的设计、使用和考核,发现用药筒在膛内容积一致性来进行弹道一致性设计比较适用和相对准确,同时发现挤进压力为P_0时的真实容积对内弹道一致性影响较大。此外焊接钢质药筒的内弹道一致性不仅达到了引伸药筒的要求,而且在或然误差和内弹道稳定性方面优于引伸药筒。     

潜艇正横发射诱饵安全性的建模与仿真

正横布置的潜艇发射装置在发射鱼雷诱饵时,有可能与发射艇的尾部相碰撞,分析了诱饵在发射管内的运动,建立了诱饵发射后在脱离发射管阶段及在初始弹道阶段的弹道数学模型,并以建立的数学模型为基础进行了仿真.仿真结果分析了不安全的内因,提出了为了保证诱饵发射的安全,应合理确定发射时的艇速、诱饵出管速度、合理选择舵角和操舵方式等影响因素.     

工程圆管故障的振动诊断技术

本文应用结构的敏感度分析法,以敏感区的频响函数作为观测特征量,建立了故障诊断的识别方程。利用Kalman 滤波迭代算法对某工程圆管进行了刚度型故障诊断的仿真计算和试验分析。结果表明振动诊断技术可用于工程结构故障的微机实时监控,具有精度较高,抗干扰能力较强的特点。     

Analysis of algorithms for two‐stage flowshops with multi‐processor task flexibility

In this article we introduce a 2‐machine flowshop with processing flexibility. Two processing modes are available for each task: namely, processing by the designated processor, and processing simultaneously by both processors. The objective studied is makespan minimization. This production environment is encountered in repetitive manufacturing shops equipped with processors that have the flexibility to execute orders either individually or in coordination. In the latter case, the product designer exploits processing synergies between two processors so as to execute a particular task much faster than a dedicated processor. This type of flowshop environment is also encountered in labor‐intensive assembly lines where products moving downstream can be processed either in the designated assembly stations or by pulling together the work teams of adjacent stations. This scheduling problem requires determining the mode of operation of each task, and the subsequent scheduling that preserves the flowshop constraints. We show that the problem is ordinary NP‐complete and obtain an optimal solution using a dynamic programming algorithm with considerable computational requirements for medium and large problems. Then, we present a number of dynamic programming relaxations and analyze their worst‐case error performance. Finally, we present a polynomial time heuristic with worst‐case error performance comparable to that of the dynamic programming relaxations. © 2003 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Naval Research Logistics, 2004.     

新形势下提高集团军部队实战化训练水平的研究与思考

围绕解决当前制约集团军部队信息化条件下实战化训练水平提升的矛盾问题,着力在浓厚实战化训练氛围、设置实战化训练内容、创新实战化训练方式、创设实战化训练环境、健全实战化训练机制等方面研究提出具体对策措施,并充分发挥战法创新引领、"考比拉"促进、人才培养支撑和作风建设保证的作用,深入推进集团军部队军事训练向实战靠拢,提高部队"能打仗、打胜仗"能力。     

CCD实现管材和线材在线测量研究

介绍了用CCD器件完成玻璃管外径和壁厚在线测量的实现方法,测试系统的结构和硬件及软件设计思想。本测试系统也适合于对其它透明或非透明管材及线材的在线测量。     

基于ATV分析履带预张力对车辆软土通过性能的影响

对履带预张力对车辆软土通过性的影响规律进行了研究.采用ADAMS软件的ATV工具箱,建立了履带车辆与地面的相互作用模型.仿真结果表明,适当增加履带预张力可有效降低车辆的平均最大压力,并提高其挂钩牵引性能.该结论对履带车辆的设计者和使用者有一定的指导意义.     

低速圆管流动的粒子仿真

运用信息保存法对低速圆管的流动现象进行了模拟,并与实验结果进行了比较,粒子仿真结果与实验结果吻合较好,且优于NS方程的结果。研究表明,在对低速圆管的模拟过程中,运用IP法在获得较好的结果的同时,具有比DSMC方法更高的计算效率。IP算法是解决低速圆管流动问题的有效途径。     

爆扩桩抗拔承载力计算公式研究

目前关于扩底桩尤其是爆扩桩抗拔力计算公式很少。在有限的扩底桩计算公式中,普遍存在着对爆扩桩的承载机理不清楚,对扩大头作用的体现机理表达不准确等问题。首先介绍一些典型的抗拔计算公式,选出有代表性的且适用于爆扩桩的抗拔计算公式, 然后根据工程试桩的计算结果,结合理论分析对公式的合理性进行探讨,最后根据爆扩桩的抗拔机理和试验分析给出易于运用的软土中大直径爆扩桩的抗拔承载力计算公式,并给出相应的构造要求。     

某加油车液压系统的温升控制

温升控制是液压系统设计的重要内容,其效果好坏直接影响着液压系统工作的可靠性。针对某加油车液压系统连续工作时间长、结构紧凑等特点,设计了一种新型的“油冷蛇形管”式液压油温控制系统,即将加油车自身输转的柴油导入液压油箱内的冷却管,对液压油实施强制冷却。经试验验证,取得了良好的温控效果。该方法取消了冷却水源,简化了结构,并达到了控制油温的目的,对类似系统的设计具有较好的借鉴意义。     

Bayesian strategies for dynamic pricing in e‐commerce

E‐commerce platforms afford retailers unprecedented visibility into customer purchase behavior and provide an environment in which prices can be updated quickly and cheaply in response to changing market conditions. This study investigates dynamic pricing strategies for maximizing revenue in an Internet retail channel by actively learning customers' demand response to price. A general methodology is proposed for dynamically pricing information goods, as well as other nonperishable products for which inventory levels are not an essential consideration in pricing. A Bayesian model of demand uncertainty involving the Dirichlet distribution or a mixture of such distributions as a prior captures a wide range of beliefs about customer demand. We provide both analytic formulas and efficient approximation methods for updating these prior distributions after sales data have been observed. We then investigate several strategies for sequential pricing based on index functions that consider both the potential revenue and the information value of selecting prices. These strategies require a manageable amount of computation, are robust to many types of prior misspecification, and yield high revenues compared to static pricing and passive learning approaches. © 2006 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Naval Research Logistics, 2007     

纯方位系统定位与跟踪解的唯一性问题

对纯方位系统定位与跟踪解的存在唯一性问题进行了讨论 ,对“观测器保持匀速直线运动 ,则纯方位系统定位与跟踪不可求解”定理分别就确定性参数计算和最小二乘意义给出了证明 ,引申出了一些结论。     

基于CFD分析的燃气轮机散热器数值仿真

为了改善燃气轮机的散热性能,以国产某型管带式散热器替换ΓТД-1250燃气轮机管片式散热器,建立了管片式和管带式散热器空气侧通道的稳态紊流数学模型,对2种不同类型散热器的阻力特性和表面传热特性进行CFD模拟,模拟结果与试验结果符合较好。数值仿真结果对比表明:散热器的压力降随冷却空气进口速度的增大而增大,且在相同的冷却空气进口流速下,管带式高出管片式散热器空气侧阻力的平均值约3.13%,同时管带式比管片式空气出口温度的平均值高出约6.29%。     

按保障度最大配置备件模型

考虑了备件资源有限,有多个需求单位的条件下,依据装备数量、零部件、元器件的故障率,单装用数、平均更换时间、各级维修机构领取备件的平均时间,建立了两级备件保障度的模型,并在备件总资源量一定的条件下,按保障度最大给出了两级备件配置的程序、方法和示例.模型举例说明了模型输出结果的特征和敏感性.模型应用可减少备件的积压,降低备件的短缺,提高备件的保障效果.     

火炮身管锥度对弹丸起始扰动的影响分析

火炮身管设计时,根据强度理论有一段圆锥段,身管圆锥段锥度的大小影响近炮口段身管刚度的大小,刚度大小对于弹丸起始扰动的影响规律值得进行研究。针对这一问题,建立某大口径火炮弹炮耦合全炮动力学有限元模型,计算不同工况下锥度为c=0°、c=0.38°、c=0.73°和c=1.17°时弹丸膛内的运动规律。分析结果表明,对建立的某大口径火炮而言,在保证身管质量、质心不变的前提下,身管锥度越小,即身管近炮口段越粗,身管近炮口段刚度越大,越有利于减小弹丸起始扰动。