舰船燃气轮机双机并车控制仿真技术研究

介绍了功率反馈控制技术的原理和特点,并利用功率反馈控制技术对舰船燃气轮机双机并车控制技术进行了分析.利用C++语言建立了全燃动力装置的仿真模型,并对功率反馈法进行了计算机仿真试验.结果表明,功率反馈控制技术能较好地实现舰船燃气轮机双机并车运行的控制.     

坦克柴油机比油耗实车测试的研究

针对实车检测坦克柴油机比油耗的原理和方法作了探讨,对12150L柴油机进行了实车比油耗测试,认为用无负荷方法实车测定柴油机有效功率,同时用涡轮流量计测量燃油消耗量是实车测量发动机比油耗可行的方法。     

柴油机有害排放物控制的新发展

简要介绍柴油机的有害排放物质,重点回顾了近几年柴油机排放控制技术的进展。提出现代柴油机有害排放物的控制是一个综合的、系统的工程,以改进柴油机设计技术为核心,与燃料改质和排气后处理系统相结合将是未来降低排放研究的主要思路。并对柴油机排放控制技术今后的研究重点进行了预测。     

船用柴油机使用寿命确定方法

船用柴油机是舰船动力系统的主要设备,确定舰船服役年限必须掌握柴油机的使用寿命.柴油机的使用寿命取决于自然损耗、技术性能以及使用的经济性,用自然寿命、技术寿命和经济寿命的最小值表示.提出一种柴油机使用寿命确定方法:将柴油机重要运动部件的磨损率和磨损量以及容许磨损量当作随机变量,建立计算这些部件寿命的数学模型,确定柴油机的...     

水陆坦克双功率转换装置改进及应用分析

某型水陆坦克功率转换装置存在着操作不便的缺陷,影响了其机动性.为解决上述问题,在对相关技术进行深入研究的基础上,提出了采用电磁换向进行液压控制的双功率转换装置代替原有功率转换装置,并进行了台架和实车试验.试验表明,采用液压控制双功率转换装置,不仅提高了水陆坦克车辆操纵的灵活性和机动性,还彻底解决了以往驾驶员必须停车才能进行功率转换的被动局面.     

飞轮储能对船用燃气轮机发电系统稳定性影响的仿真研究

针对以燃气轮机为原动力的舰船综合电力系统动态性能易受舰船大功率用电负载突变、高能武器投切、电网故障等的影响问题,首先提出采用短时高功率的飞轮储能系统并入船舶电网以平缓系统功率波动;然后,结合综合优化弱磁控制建立了飞轮充放电控制模型,并对并网侧变流器控制进行了优化改进,实现飞轮充电模式下直流电压快速稳定、增强抗扰性能及放电并网模式下输出功率可控;最后,利用仿真软件分析了飞轮储能系统并网下负载突变导致的燃气动力轮机涡轮转速、电网频率、电压幅值及功率的变化。结果表明:飞轮储能系统的投入对舰船电网电压凹陷具有抑制作用,能够减缓负载突变导致燃气轮机动力涡轮转速变化及增加电网频率稳定性,有效提高了舰船综合电网整体性能。     

柴油机电控冷却系统性能仿真

为了精确控制柴油机出水温度,降低冷却系统功率消耗,以某型柴油机冷却系统为研究对象,建立了该型柴油机冷却系统仿真模型,并将机械水泵改为电控水泵进行了变工况仿真计算。结果表明：电控水泵耗功小于机械水泵,平均效率提高1．31％,能够精确控制柴油机出水温度。通过该型柴油机热平衡实验,在外特性上验证了该冷却系统仿真模型是可信的。     

舰船柴油机冷却系统不解体清洗技术

针对舰船柴油机冷却系统水垢、锈垢严重,维修保养困难的问题,提出舰船柴油机冷却系统不解体清洗技术。通过对舰船柴油机冷却系统材质和垢样的分析,提出由清洗主剂、缓蚀剂和清洗助剂为基础的6种清洗剂配方。对比6种清洗剂配方的缓蚀与清洗效果,确定了最优的清洗剂配方。经柴油机台架试验发现,不解体清洗可有效清除汽缸缸套、缸体等部位的积垢,清除率可达81%,显著改善了热交换效果。     

面向舰船动力装置的主动振动控制技术

详细地阐述了舰船动力装置采用主动振动控制技术的必要性和可行性,并对该技术的最新发展进行了综述。     

“舰船—柴油机—螺旋桨”工况模拟自航船模的遥测和遥控

前言柴油机-螺旋桨系统是目前大部分舰船的推进动力源。研究舰船-柴油机-螺旋桨系统中关于柴油机在稳定工况中经济工作区域的确定、在非稳定工况中不同的操纵方法导致的柴油机整机负荷的变化规律及舰船机动性的变化规律这二个问题,就成为非常迫切了。研究方法有许多种,建立在相似理论基础上的模拟法是其中的一种。本文概要地介绍了×型护卫舰模型的一般概况;遥测、遥调(遥控)的主要设备和性能;柴油机特性模拟方法及初步试验结果。     

Reviews

Douglas S. Derrer, We Are All the Target: A Handbook of Terrorism Avoidance and Hostage Survival. Annapolis, MD: US Naval Institute Press, 1992. Pp. x+135, notes, index. $14.95. ISBN 01–55750–150–5

Ian Knight, Zulu: Isandlwana and Rorke's Drift, 22–23 January 1879. London: Windrow & Greene, 1992. Pp.136, 150 illus., incl 8 colour plates, maps, biblio. £35. ISBN 1–872004–23–7

Ian Knight, By the Orders of the Great White Queen: Campaigning in Zululand through the Eyes of the British Soldiers, 1879. London: Greenhill Books and Novato: Presidio Press, 1992. Pp. 272, 17 illus., 1 map. £18.95. ISBN 1–85367–122–3

Manfried Rauchensteiner and Erwin A. Schmidl (eds.), Formen des Krieges: vom Mittelalter zum ‘Low‐intensity’ Conflict’. Graz : Verlag Styria, 1991. Pp.208. DM35. ISBN 3–22–12139–7

Harold J. Kearsley, Maritime Power and the Twenty‐First Century. Dartmouth: Dartmouth Publishing Company, Limited, 1992. Pp.xv + 203, 13 diagrams, index. £32.50. ISBN 1–85521–288–9     

Panjwai: a tale of two COINs in Afghanistan

The US Army has two approaches to counterinsurgency operations in Afghanistan. One is hard, or combat-focused, and the other is soft, or development-focused. This study examines two US Army task forces deployed to Panjwai District, Afghanistan from 2012 to 2013. CTF 4-9 and 1-38 offer a meaningful comparison because they pursued these contrasting approaches among the same population and against the same enemy at the same time and place. The study compares each unit’s approach and finds that neither approach was successful absent the other. The article concludes by recommending further research into combining the approaches at the operational level.     

线性核时频信号表示及其仿真

根据ｃｈｉｒｐ信号在模糊域的特点,本文提出了线性核时频表示方法。这种方法在提高分辨率、消除交叉项以及抑制噪声等方面都具有较高的性能。理论分析和实验结果都证实了这种方法的有效性     

Forecasting a Hurricane: Israeli and American Estimations of the Khomeini Revolution

The surprising ‘Arab Spring’ raises the question as to what would enable national intelligence to provide high quality warnings prior to the eruption of popular revolutions. This article uses new sources of evidence to trace and explain Israel's success in comparison to US failure at correctly estimating the course of the Iranian Revolution in 1977–79. In explaining this variance, the article shows that it was mainly the result of the intimate acquaintance of Israel's representatives in Iran with the local language, history and culture, as well as the ability to communicate with locals – tools which the Americans completely lacked.     

关于教师继续教育培训模式的思考

继续教育作为终身教育的重要组成部分和基本形式,对教师的发展成长意义重大。继续教育工作开展十多年来,取得了一定的成绩,但还存在不少问题,如学习动机较为被动,管理认识不到位,教学内容陈旧空泛,教学方法呆板机械等。随着课程改革的不断深入,继续教育必须采取相应的改进措施,树立以人为本,服务至上的观点,教学内容的前瞻性与实用性并重,教学人员进行整合,教学方法灵活多样,评价考核规范科学等,以此激活受训教师内在的学习动机,更大程度地提高继续教育培训的实际效果。     

用DirectShow实现网络视频

目前市场上的网络监控技术一般用昂贵的硬件设备来支撑,投资较大。在深入研究微软的DirectX9.0的基础上,提出如何用DirectShow软件技术和普通的数字摄像头来实现网络视频的监控和实现技术,内容涉及通信协议、视频的编码与解码技术、视频的编码格式和COM组件编程技术等,最终的实验结果令人满意,且费用低廉,技术可靠,为在高速局域网内构建视频监控系统提供有效的技术支持。     

Interpreting the Ribchester Helmet

In 1796 a 13-year-old boy playing on wasteland behind his father’s house in Ribchester, Lancashire discovered an assemblage of over 30 Roman artefacts, including a decorated brass helmet. Although partially corroded the Ribchester helmet is a fine example of a first-century AD cavalry sports helmet. This article considers how the interpretation of the helmet has evolved since its discovery. The multi-faceted iconography of the helmet with its mural crown diadem is that of an elite soldier and is paralleled in other examples of cavalry sports helmets of the Ribchester type. The long-neglected imagery on the helmet bowl is reinterpreted and seen not as a haphazard collection of randomly placed combatants but as a highly structured, symmetrical composition specifically designed to be viewed from different directions.     

Putin – the masked nemesis of the strategy of ambiguity

Recent events demonstrate the complex and adaptive approach employed by Russia to reassert influence in Europe. The changing face of Russia’s strategy commenced in 2007 when it launched a crippling cyber-attack against Estonia. This was followed by a large Russian conventional attack against Georgia in 2008, occupying two large areas of the nation. 2014 witnessed the Russian annexation of Crimea where in just a week, Russia seized control of Crimea “without firing a shot.” The annexation of Crimea was rapidly followed by a Russian inspired and led subversive war in eastern Ukraine. The common thread among these diverse Russian operations is its use of ambiguity to confound and confuse decision makers in the West.     

Desert insurgency: lessons from the third Tuareg rebellion

This article provides an in-depth examination and analysis of the 2006–2009 Tuareg rebellion in Mali and Niger. It identifies the underlying reasons behind the rebellion, explores contrasting counter-insurgency (COIN) strategies employed by the two governments, and presents some lessons learned. While both COIN approaches ultimately produced similar peace settlements, the article argues that the Malian strategy of reconciliation combined with the selective use of force was far more effective than the Nigerien iron fist approach at limiting the size and scope of the insurgency and producing a more sustainable peace. It concludes by looking at the role of external actors, particularly the United States, and how the failure to internationalize the conflict was actually more beneficial to the local COIN effort, as well as to the longer strategic interests of the United States in the region.