商标平行进口之博弈分析

商标平行进口是近年来国际贸易和世界知识产权保护所面临的共同热点问题。商标权利穷竭理论是产生商标平行进口合法性争议的理论基础和根本原因。从法经济学的角度看,利用博弈理论对商标平行进口的两种基本类型进行分析,并对其合法性问题提出了自己的看法。     

传媒点击

欧盟成为我国最大进口来源地5月17日,来自商务部的消息称,根据今年1月至4月的累计数据显示,欧盟已经取代日本成为我国最大的进口来源地。4月份,我国出口增速较一季度提升3.4个百分点,进口增速回落10.8个百分点。单月再现贸易顺     

军用机场平行双跑道应用需求及运行模式

军用机场采用平行双跑道布局,并实现平行双跑道运行,是提升军用机场容量和战时抗毁性,满足多机型保障、高起降强度、大飞行流量的军事需求的重要途径。为此,分析了军用机场实施平行双跑道运行现实需求,对比研究了军民用机场之间的差异,最后在参考民用机场平行双跑道运行模式的基础上,结合我军用机场飞行实际,提出了适合我国军用机场的6种平行双跑道运行模式,为加速军用机场平行双跑道建设,实现平行双跑道运行提供了模式参考。     

中哈石油合作的安全战略及国家利益

经济快速增长时期旺盛的石油需求使中国石油进口及对外依存度不断上升,石油来源及进口安全成为保障经济安全的战略难题;中哈两国凭借资源、地缘优势和共同的利益需要,业已建立起牢固的互信关系和利益纽带,以中哈输油管道对接为契机的石油合作为我国石油安全战略和国家利益的实现提供了历史机遇,不但使我国石油来源及进口多元化有了坚实的基础和可靠的保证,从而掌握石油贸易全球化的主动权,而且可加快我国石油资源利用的市场化、国际化进程,为我国顺利完成工业化进程提供多元化的能源保障。     

中国能源安全与军事斗争准备

当前,我国能源安全面临着较为严峻的形势:一是总量供不应求。据统计,2005年我国能源消耗为22.2亿吨标准煤,而全年能源生产为20.6亿吨标准煤,缺口1.6亿吨标准煤。预计2020年我国石油消耗量将增至5亿吨,对外依存度进一步增高。二是能源进口来源集中。近年来,尽管我国大力推进能源进口多元化战略,但是石油进口集中于中东和非洲地区的状况难以在短时间内改变。三是战时油料供应来源不稳定。在受国际油价的影响和国际石油大公司竞争压力下,国内石化企业生产的油料特别是军用特种油料数量有限,单靠国内生产无法满足需求,因此对国际油料市场具有一…     

平行军事体系:发轫与嬗变

平行军事体系的演变经历了四个阶段,这就是冷兵器时代的肢体平行军事体系,热兵器时代的体能平行军事体系,机械化时代的技能平行军事体系和信息化时代的智能平行军事体系.它们的有机叠加,即构成我们今天所面对的平行军事体系.这一体系将武器装备的打击力、防护力、机动力、信息力集于一体,从实现人的功能延伸,乃至替代,最后必然走向无人作战.     

传媒点击

人民日报我国正从煤炭出口国向进口国转变据海关总署最新数据显示,今年1月,我国煤炭进口量较上年同期增长437.5%,达到1610万吨,接近历史最高点。据分析,2009年煤炭进口的高位态势     

基于贝叶斯网络的我国海上能源通道海盗袭击风险分析与实验评估

鉴于能源进口安全保障的重要性及迫切性,针对海上能源通道海盗袭击事件的不确定性与突发性,基于风险理论、贝叶斯网络、蒙特卡洛模拟等方法,建立了海上能源通道海盗袭击风险的量化评估模型,探索了快速、量化评估突发性事件的技术途径,旨在为保障我国能源进口安全提供时效性强、精确度高的决策依据。     

国防科技工业：用中国装备装备中国——2007年数控机床座谈会透视

数控机床成为实现装备制造业的关键设备,我国确有九成左右的高档数控机床长期依赖进口,包括国防科技工业在内的相关行业正全力采取措施推动数控机床研制和应用。     

军队物资进口管理信息化建设的思考

随着电子商务领域关键技术的日益成熟,军队物资进口管理信息化建设已步入新的发展阶段。建立军队物资进口管理信息系统,是实现集中式管理、动态式管理、规范化管理的目标要求;是提高进口工作效率的有力举措。军队物资进口管理信息系统建设的具体构想是:设立军队物资进口信息处理中心,进口运行程序实现科学化,进口网络信息实现资源化,进口部门与地方有关单位要密切协同;建立完整、配套的运行机制。     

当前成人高等教育存在的问题及对策

成人高等教育在形成学习型社会中有其独特的作用。在成人高等教育的发展过程中,必须正视其所存在的各种各样的问题,并依照我国的国情着力解决,循序渐进。从我国成人高等教育现状入手,分析了其在发展进程中存在的问题及根源,提出了宏观调控;淡化产业化意识;质量评估;突出特色等发展对策。     

Prices and quantities in the arms trade*

There are two main sources of information about the Arms Trade, SIPRI and ACDA. These two sources give very different pictures of the evolution of the market, primarily because their measures are designed to capture conceptually different features. Although they are both expressed in constant dollars, the SIPRI series is designed to be a volume index of physical transfers, the ACDA series a constant price value index. Thus in principle, the ratio of the ACDA to SIPRI series should provide an implicit price index of arms; though in practice there are many measurement problems. In this paper, we discuss the basis of these indices and show that the ratio, the implicit price, not only looks plausible in the light of the evolution of the market, but has a significant negative effect on the demand for arms imports in an econometric equation.     

新形势下我国对外贸易比较优势理论分析

我国入世以后,有必要重新审视对外贸易的比较优势,迎接经济全球化的冲击与挑战。本文从资源禀赋、后起者优势及制度创新三个层面对我国的对外贸易比较优势理论予以拓展,以求为我国的开放型经济建设提供一些有益的参考。     

The economic effects of international trade in armaments in the major western industrialized and developing countries†

We have used the Michigan Model of World Production and Trade to assess the impact of exports and imports of armaments (based on 1980 data) on sectoral trade and employment and other economic variables in the major Western trading countries. If the United States were to place a unilateral embargo on its arms exports and imports, we calculate that it would experience a comparatively small amount of employment displacement in the aggregate and that most of this displacement would occur in the transport equipment and electric machinery sectors. If all the major Western countries were to place a multilateral embargo on their arms trade, the sectoral effects on the United States would be similarly small. But the sectoral effects in several other industrialized and developing countries measured as a percentage of sectoral employment, would be larger, indicating potential short‐run adjustment problems in labor markets in some cases.     

The Gravity of Arms

The aim of this paper is to investigate the determinants of international arms transfers in a gravity model framework. By distinguishing between the decision to export arms (extensive margin) and the value of the arms exported (intensive margin), while also considering its interdependence, is what differentiates this paper from previous research. A theoretically justified gravity model of trade augmented with political and security motives is estimated using a two-stage panel data approach for 104 exporting countries over the period from 1950 to 2007. In addition to the usual gravity variables related to the economic mass of the trading countries and the trade cost factors, the model is extended with political and security factors. The level of democracy in both trading partners, political differences between trading partners and voting similarity with the United States in the UN General Assembly of the countries engaged in trade are the main political factors, whereas the existence of conflicts, military pacts, and embargoes are taken as security motives. The key result indicates that both political and security motives are an important determinant of an arms trade, but their effects on the extensive margin of exports (the decision to order a transfer) differs from their effect on the intensive margin (average value of exports). Moreover, the relative importance of the factors under study has changed since 1989. In the post-cold war period, countries that are less democratic are more likely to export arms, military pacts are less relevant and embargoes play a role.     

面向大尺寸滑动窗口应用的并行计算模型

大尺寸滑动窗口的应用在数据输入速度与处理速度之间存在较大差距.为了缩短差距,提出了一种并行计算模型,使用尽可能少的存储资源与尽可能简单的存储器读写控制逻辑实现了尽可能高的数据重用性与并行性.该模型将不同滑动窗口之间的并行处理与单个窗口内不同数据之间的并行处理结合起来:对于不同窗口,按列进行分组并映射到多个处理单元上并行...     

论贩毒案件的侦查方法

贩毒案件在各种毒品犯罪案件中居主导地位,公安机关非常重视对贩毒案件的侦查。通过对贩毒案件特点的分析,阐述了贩毒案件的侦查方法。     

基于GPU的SAR成像层次化并行处理研究

针对SAR成像处理具有的内在并行性,提出了一种基于GPU的SAR成像层次化并行处理方法。首先分析了SAR成像处理过程中信号的并行性,对任务进行了层次化分解与组合,设计了层次化并行的CS成像算法;然后通过CUDA编程将并行成像算法映射到CPU+GPUs系统平台上,实现了层次化并行成像处理;为了检验并行处理效果,采用原始数据进行了SAR成像处理实验。实验结果表明,在几乎没有损失图像质量的情况下,层次化并行处理获得了较高的加速比。     

社会历史发展中价值实现的辩证性

马克思创立的唯物史观富有深刻的价值内涵,一部社会发展史就是一部价值实现的历史。人类历史发展过程中价值的实现并不是一帆风顺的,是一个付出代价和扬弃代价的辩证过程,需要人们权衡利弊进行正确的价值选择,从而为社会进步谋求一条更好的发展之路。     

The parallel replacement problem with demand and capital budgeting constraints

A generalized parallel replacement problem is considered with both fixed and variable replacement costs, capital budgeting, and demand constraints. The demand constraints specify that a number of assets, which may vary over time, are required each period over a finite horizon. A deterministic, integer programming formulation is presented as replacement decisions must be integer. However, the linear programming relaxation is shown to have integer extreme points if the economies of scale binary variables are fixed. This allows for the efficient computation of large parallel replacement problems as only a limited number of 0–1 variables are required. Examples are presented to provide insight into replacement rules, such as the “no‐splitting‐rule” from previous research, under various demand scenarios. © 2000 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. Naval Research Logistics 47: 40–56, 2000