一种基于Radon-Wigner变换的拖曳式诱饵辨识方法

诱饵的识别是拖曳式诱饵干扰对抗的基本问题。分析了拖曳式诱饵干扰过程中目标和诱饵的多普勒频率变化特征,提出了利用Radon-Wigner变换的方法,在时频域对目标和诱饵的整体特性(调频率)进行了准确的估计,解决了目标和诱饵径向加速度造成的频谱展宽问题,实现了目标和诱饵的频率分离。仿真实验验证了该方法的有效性。     

多传感器数据融合实现卫星及其系留诱饵的识别

卫星在绕地球运行时,其周围可能带有一个或多个系留诱饵。诱饵与卫星运行于相同的轨道,具有与卫星完全相同的运动状态。为了对抗雷达和可见光探测,通过改变诱饵表面涂层,可使其具有和卫星基本相同的雷达和可见光特性。在这种情况下,红外辐射特性成了识别卫星及其诱饵的唯一特征。文章提出了一种基于红外辐射特征的区分卫星及其系留诱饵的多传感器数据融合方法,利用地面三个观测站的三个多波段传感器提供的红外特征,采用神经网络和证据理论实现多级融合,有效地解决了噪声条件下卫星及其诱饵的识别问题。     

临近空间前置反导目标综合识别

为了解决反导作战中目标的有效识别问题,提出利用临近空间红外探测系统配合地基雷达对弹道导弹目标进行综合识别的方案,给出了临近空间前置反导目标综合识别时序图并建立了反导作战目标综合识别模型,在此基础上,重点对空间弹道目标的光学强度序列与识别特征进行了研究,分析了弹头和诱饵的光学强度序列信号的周期性变化规律,最后提出根据弹头与诱饵对应点目标的等效温度的变化特性,提取特征参数对目标进行识别的方法。     

基于热物理仿真分析的红外点目标特征提取与识别

根据弹道中段空间目标和诱饵的表面温度分布规律，从热物理的角度分析了目标和诱饵的红外光谱辐射特性，指出了弹道中段目标和诱饵红外辐射特性的本质差别，并据此提出了红外目标识别中的特征基函数，用特征基函数构造红外点目标识别的四维特征矢量。仿真实验表明，这一特征矢量用于红外点目标识别非常成功。     

拖曳式诱饵对抗方法分析

通过分析拖曳式诱饵的干扰机理和关键参数,总结了拖曳式诱饵的技术特点,从高分辨体制、特殊雷达信号、极化识别、信息融合以及多角度攻击等方面出发,研究拖曳式诱饵的对抗方法,分析其有效性和可行性,对拖曳式诱饵对抗技术的研究有一定的推进意义。     

基于D-S证据推理的多传感器信息融合技术在战场目标识别中的应用

近年来,多传感器信息融合技术已经在许多领域得到了广泛的应用,该技术也可以用于战场目标识别.在简单介绍了多传感器信息融合技术的概念和方法之后,详细阐明了D-S证据推理的原理及其应用于战场目标识别的方法,并进行了仿真处理.仿真结果说明,基于D-S证据推理的多传感器信息融合技术,是解决目标识别问题的一种有效方法.     

基于建模与仿真的多诱饵空域设计研究

对弹道导弹中段红外诱饵突防过程进行了分析,并利用建模与仿真方法对多诱饵空域设计方法进行了研究,该方法基于弹头与诱饵的运动学模型、导引头识别模型、突防效果评价模型,通过搜索法和模拟退火算法分析不同空域构型下的诱饵目标群突防效果,最后对特定条件下诱饵空域构型突防效果进行了仿真计算,试验结果表明,该方法具有科学性和工程应用价值。     

稀薄大气层内目标群运动特征及识别研究

针对稀薄大气中真假弹头识别的问题,通过对弹头及轻诱饵目标群在稀薄大气层中的运动特性的仿真,提取了诱饵相对弹头的运动特征,分析了稀薄大气层内弹头与诱饵相对位置和相对速度的变化规律,提出了在稀薄大气层内利用相对位置和相对速度的二维特征识别真假弹头的新思路。典型算例的仿真结果验证了这种思路的可行性。     

基于AHP-PCR5的多传感器目标识别

目标识别系统中所获得的信息常常是高度冲突和不确定的。基于DSmT理论的多传感器目标识别,可以解决证据高度冲突情况下的信息融合问题。然而由于DSmT理论融合结果分类精细而不利于判决,需要将某些分类结果进行重新分配。层次分析法(AHP)包含不确定知识矩阵,生成基本信度分配函数。基于此提出AHP-PCR5方法进行证据高度冲突情况下多传感器综合目标识别,不仅提高识别精度,降低识别过程的不确定因素,同时引入折扣系数灵活处理识别过程中具有不同可信度的多传感器融合问题。     

具有亮点和方位延展特征的线列阵声诱饵研究

分析了几种目标尺度识别方法的机理,针对其特性和传统声诱饵的不足,研究了一种基于潜艇亮点模型的线列阵声诱饵,并对其参数进行了选取.仿真结果表明,该声诱饵对基于目标尺度识别的鱼雷具有干扰能力.     

Putin – the masked nemesis of the strategy of ambiguity

Recent events demonstrate the complex and adaptive approach employed by Russia to reassert influence in Europe. The changing face of Russia’s strategy commenced in 2007 when it launched a crippling cyber-attack against Estonia. This was followed by a large Russian conventional attack against Georgia in 2008, occupying two large areas of the nation. 2014 witnessed the Russian annexation of Crimea where in just a week, Russia seized control of Crimea “without firing a shot.” The annexation of Crimea was rapidly followed by a Russian inspired and led subversive war in eastern Ukraine. The common thread among these diverse Russian operations is its use of ambiguity to confound and confuse decision makers in the West.     

India's counter-insurgency experience: the ‘trust and nurture’ strategy

The Indian Army, a force trained primarily for conventional warfare, has been engaged in internal counter-insurgency operations since the 1950s. Despite such a long innings on a counter-insurgency mode, little attention has been accorded within military circles to doctrinal innovation for waging sub-conventional warfare in India's democratic political context. At best, the Army continues to view counter-insurgency duty as secondary to its primary duty of defending India from external conventional threats. By conceptualizing a counter-insurgency strategy of ‘trust and nurture’, this article aims to fill this critical doctrinal gap in India's military policy. The author argues that a counter-insurgency strategy of ‘trust and nurture’ based on democratic political culture, measured military methods, special counter-insurgency forces, local social and cultural awareness and an integrative nation-building approach will result in positive handling of India's internal security problems. The author utilizes India's counter-insurgency experiences in Assam, Mizoram, Nagaland, Punjab, and Operation ‘Sadhbhavana’ in Jammu and Kashmir as illustrative empirical indicants in order to validate the ‘trust and nurture’ strategy.     

An Unlikely Alliance: Portuguese and South African Airpower in Angola, 1968–1974

The war that Portugal was obliged to fight in Africa began in 1961 and immediately stretched the resources of its armed forces. Nowhere was this thinness more apparent than in policing the vast territory of Angola. The east and southeast of Angola were particularly vulnerable, as the area was a vast, sparsely populated region characterised by enormous featureless plains or chanas covered in tall grass and broken by an extensive river system and mountainous forests. The only military solution to policing these immense spaces was aviation and specifically the helicopter that could carry troops into battle, protect them with a gunship and bring them home when the operation was concluded. The immediate problem for the Portuguese Air Force (Força Aérea Portuguesa or FAP) in Angola and elsewhere was a scarcity of helicopters. The solution was an alliance with South Africa, which had a strong inventory of Alouette IIIs, to help in policing the east. This move was likewise in the interest of South Africa, as its threat came from Zambia through south-eastern Angola. This article examines the strategic and tactical development of this unusual, cross-cultural alliance and the symbiotic relationship that resulted in destruction of the enemies of both in Angola.     

国内外结构钢焊条研究的现状与发展

本文主要介绍了国外焊条的现状和发展趋势,包括焊条的高韧性、高效率、低尘低毒和耐吸潮性能,为国内的焊条研究提供了参考依据。     

A Sign of Victory?: ‘Scottish Swords’ and Other Weapons in the Possession of the ‘Auld Innemie’

Many late medieval documents, notably inventories of arms and armour, of Englishmen contain references to ‘Scottish swords’ and other weapons. What did the compilers of these documents mean when they described a weapon as ‘Scottish’? How did such weapons come to be in the possession of these men? This article will attempt to explain this phenomenon drawing on primary documentary sources and surviving material culture from Glasgow Museums’ collections and others, as well as artworks from the period.     

Helping hands: civil–military cooperation and Italy's military operation abroad

In the Post-Bipolar Era the growing complexity of the military operations requires a new approach for the resolution of international crises. Since the end of the Cold War, peace support operations (PSO) have become the mainstay and principal occupation of most Western armies. At the same time, Italy has been one of the most important actors in such an area. The article focuses on the cooperation between military and civil components (a process called CIMIC) as a key variable in the Italian PSOs. We will analyse in detail the main lessons learned from past military interventions as well as the general context in which new tendencies are taking place. The maintaining of a minimum security frame becomes essential to fulfil activities ‘collateral’ to the mission: reconstructing services and infrastructure, food distribution, water and medication, law and order, de-mining, training of local forces, and supporting local institutions. These are the main tasks to obtain thrust and support from the population.     

Terrorism,insurgency, kidnapping,and security in Africa's energy sector

Energy continues to serve as the bedrock of modern economies and the main driver of modern society. For Africa, the production and supply of energy resources such as crude oil, natural gas, uranium, coal, biomass, biofuels and other renewables are an important source of employment, rents, taxes, royalties and profits. This sector brings in several tens of billions of dollars of revenue annually. The production and delivery of such resources, however, depend on critical infrastructures such as pipelines, refineries, processing plants, terminals, rigs, electrical energy pylons, substations, pump stations, vessels, and tankers. These infrastructures have been attacked by terrorists, insurgents, vandals and saboteurs, all of whom see them as targets against which to register their grievances and extract concessions from the state. This paper is a chronological account of some of the documented incidents of terrorism, insurgency, kidnapping, destruction, sabotage, and human casualties suffered in the oil and gas sectors in Africa between 1999 and 2012. It is based on data extracted from the databases of the RAND Database of World Terrorism Incidents and the University of Maryland's Global Terrorism Database (GTD).     

Cyberpower in Strategic Affairs: Neither Unthinkable nor Blessed

Abstract

This article explores the effect of connectivity on strategic affairs. It argues that the effect on war's character is potentially, although not yet shown in practice, considerably large. Its effect upon the distribution of power among states in the international system is small, contrary to the claims of ‘cyberwar’ alarmists. All told, however, its effect upon strategic affairs is complex. On the one hand, it represents a significant advance in the ‘complexification’ of state strategies, understood in the sense of the production of intended effects. On the other hand, strategists today – still predominantly concerned with the conflicts and confrontations of states and organised military power – are generally missing the power which non-traditional strategic actors, better adapted to the network flows of the information age, are beginning to deploy. These new forms of organization and coercion will challenge the status quo.