浅谈军旅文学的历史演变和发展

中国历史上频繁的战争促就了军旅文学的诞生、成长和发展。中国从古代到现当代,出现了许多反映战争的优秀作品,这些军旅作品为中国文学的多姿多彩增添了魅力。本文介绍了中国古代军旅文学的产生和发生,并对现、当代军旅作家及作品进行了评析。     

中国军旅文学的演变与发展

中国历史上频繁的战争孕育了军旅文学并推动了其成长和发展。中国从古代到现当代,出现了许多反映战争的优秀作品,这些军旅作品为中国文学的多姿多彩增添了魅力。本文介绍了中国古代军旅文学的产生和发展,并对现、当代军旅作家及作品进行了评析。     

当代军旅文学英雄主题的嬗变

英雄形象与英雄主题是军旅文学舞台的焦点。新中国成立以来军旅文学的英雄主题和叙事方式多次发生裂变：从完美英雄到人性英雄再到个性化英雄重塑,折射出时代风云、社会转型以及政治伦理、世俗文化影响。本文着重考察当代军旅文学英雄主题的嬗变,捕捉和把握当代军旅文学的更新和变化,进而探寻军旅文学的发展趋势。     

中国当代军旅文学之军人情怀探析

军旅文学是对军人情怀的一种凝视。军旅文学以浓烈的笔墨吟咏军人情怀的高亢与壮美。只有在军旅文学中我们才能找到丰满结实的情感画面,找到那些令我们感动敬重的灵魂。     

踊跃从军 慷慨自助——《诗经·无衣》赏析

从本期开始 ,本刊将在“文化广角”栏目里开设“中国古代军旅诗词赏析”专栏。旨在通过采撷几朵璀璨的古典军旅诗词的奇葩 ,品味欣赏其健康积极的思想内容和独特的艺术魅力 ,继承和发扬其中所体现的中华民族爱国主义传统 ,陶冶当代军人的高尚情操 ,提高我们的民族自尊心、自信心 ,更好地为建设国防、振兴中华而奋斗。———编者     

吸取兵法精华 丰富战役理论——刘帅独具慧眼的“兵势”新论

刘伯承元帅以博古通今、满腹韬略而蜚声中外,倍受赞誉。考察刘帅的军事理论与实践,我们不难发现,在他身上带有中国优秀军事文化传统的明显印记。在长期的戎马生涯中,刘帅同以《孙子兵法》为代表的中国古代兵法结下了不解之缘。早在青年时代投身军旅生活时起,刘帅就曾认真研读过《孙子兵法》,以后的土地革命、抗日战争和解放战争中,这种研     

漫谈中国文学的民族特色

文学事业的建设是精神文明建设的重要方面 ,是德治的重要途径之一 ,如何建设我们的文学事业 ?概括起来主要有两个方面 :一是要批判地继承文学遗产 ,二是在新的条件下发展创新出社会主义的新文学。能否做好这两方面的工作 ?主要在于我们如何把握文学民族特色这一关键。那么 ,中国文学有哪些民族特色呢 ?从现存的中国文学作品看 ,其主体属文人所创作。古代文人多数是身兼一定官职的人 ,单纯地从事文学创作或文学研究的专业人员在中国古代几乎是不存在的 ,这些文人既是从事政务的官僚 ,自然就把文学事业与政务联系起来 ,用自己的文学创作来抒发…     

精神高原的坚守——党益民军旅文学作品解读

党益民是近年来在文坛上崛起的优秀作家。他扎根武警交通部队30余年,创作了几部反映川藏、青藏筑路养路官兵生活的小说和报告文学,多次获国内文学领域的重量级奖项,掀起了新军旅文学的阅读热潮,被称为“党益民现象”。从其作品题材选择的精度与密度、主题思想的厚度和高度与写作技巧的纯度与力度出发,解读蕴藏在其创作中的精神坚守价值的历史穿透力,以更好地理解我们这个时代的军威军魂。     

中国军旅诗歌中的崇高美

中国军旅诗歌中的崇高美既体现在军旅作家描绘的自然景致中,也体现在作品所交融着的时代感、历史感与人生感中。它不但是每一个军人爱国主义、英雄主义、乐观主义情怀的集中显现,更是当代军人那种对国家、民族强烈的社会责任感和使命感。     

论《亮剑》《历史的天空》中的英雄形象

正像一个没有英雄扣英雄主义的民族是可悲的一样,一种缺少崇高美、阳刚美的文学也是可悲的,而军旅小说作为一个特殊的题材范畴更是没有理由拒绝阳刚。以新时期最为走红的两篇军旅小说《亮刽》和《历史的天空》中所塑造的主人公为对象,对其所表现出的军人阳刚的一面进行分析,以期对新时期军人崇高的阳刚之美的内涵有一个新的定位。     

Critical interfaces in body armour systems

The ballistic performance, and behaviour, of an armour system is governed by two major sets of variables, geometrical and material. Of these, the consistency of performance, especially against small arms ammunition, will depend upon the consistency of the properties of the constituent materials. In a body armour system for example, fibre diameter, areal density of woven fabric, and bulk density of ceramic are examples of critical parameters and monitoring such parameters will form the backbone of associated quality control procedures. What is often overlooked, because it can fall into the User’s domain, are the interfaces that exist between the various products; the carrier, the Soft Armour Insert (SAI), and the one or two hard armour plates (HAP1 and HAP2). This is especially true if the various products are sourced from different suppliers.There are between 30 and 150 individual layers within a typical body armour system, and each of the interfaces between each of those layers will, in some way or another, contribute to the ballistic performance of the system. For example, consider the following interfaces/interlayers: (i) the frictional, sliding, inter-ply surfaces within a soft armour pack, and also between the pack and the carrier, (ii) the air-gaps that may develop within the soft armour pack, (iii) the interconnecting space between the soft armour pack and the hard armour plate, (iv) the nature of the interfaces between adjacent plies of a multiplied backing laminate, even in a highly compressed Ultra High Molecular Weight Polyethylene (UHMWPE) variant, (v) the interlayer between the ceramic and its substrate, within a HAP, and (vi) the geometrical fit between two hard armour plates within a stacked body armour system. This paper will provide a User-friendly overview of all such interfaces and provide unique guidance as to their criticality and influence.     

Formation and impact-induced separation of tandem EFPs

The formation and separation behaviors of tandem EFPs are studied by the combination of experiments and simulations. The results show that different formation and separation processes can be obtained by adjusting the double-layer liners, and simulations agree with experiments well. Then, the interaction process between the two liners is discussed in details, and the formation and separation mechanism are revealed. It can be found that there are four phases in the formation and separation processes, including impact phase, propulsion phase, slide phase and free flight phase. During the impact phase, the velocities of two liners rise in turns with kinetic energy exchange. In the propulsion phase, the axial impact becomes insignificant, but the radial interaction between two liners influences the appearance of tandem EFPs. Meanwhile, it should be mentioned that the inner surface of foregoing EFP remains to be in contact with the outer surface of following EFP in the propulsion phase, and the following one would continue to push the foregoing one for about 10μ to 20 μs, causing the velocities of following and foregoing EFPs gradually decreasing and increasing respectively. In the slide phase, an obvious relative movement occurs between the two EFPs, and there would be barely kinetic energy exchange. Then, the two EFPs separate gradually and get into the phase of free flight. Generally, if the outer and inner liners have the same thickness, the outer copper-inner copper liners form two long EFPs, the outer copper-inner steel liners become a foregoing short steel EFP and a following long copper EFP, and the outer steel-inner copper liners produce a foregoing long copper EFP and a following conical steel EFP. In addition, thickness match also has an important impact on formation appearance and separation process for both outer copper-inner copper liners and outer steel-inner copper liners. With the thickness ratio of outer liner to inner liner decreasing, the length and length-diameter ratio of both foregoing and following EFPs increase gradually.     

Lessons in airpower projection: Indochina and Algeria

The lessons from the two French counterinsurgencies, Indochina and Algeria, give rise to a new understanding of the projection of airpower in remote and hostile environments and the purpose, design, and use of aircraft in counterinsurgency. In both Indochina and Algeria, the campaigns were ones of poverty, and it is their imaginative management under severe resource constraints that provides thoughtful and applicable lessons for today. In both cases, airpower held the promise of delivering victory and solving the resource issue. In Indochina, acquisition of the needed aircraft, operating knowledge, and experience came too slowly to realize this promise. In Algeria, the French embraced the lessons from Indochina and were quite successful and innovative in the use of airpower. The lessons can be reduced to four requirements: (1) a network of airfields for liaison, ground-support, and intra-theater airlift to enable effective air support of ground forces; (2) a solid, reliable, and simple ground-support aircraft capable of operating from forward airfields within range of ground engagements; (3) a capable intra-theater heavy-lift transport to supply the extended ground forces; and (4) helicopter capability to enhance tactical troop mobility and support.     

海上编队传感器管理架构研究

在信息化海战场,获取信息优势是保障作战胜利的基础之一,海上编队传感器管理是提升传感器探测整体效能,从而达成信息优势的关键环节.首先分析了海上编队传感器管理需求,包括组成结构、作用以及编队、平台、传感器各层级的管理需求;其次研究了海上编队传感器管理的总体架构,提出采用混合式的体系结构,设计了事前规划与实时调度2个方面的处...     

Terrorism,insurgency, kidnapping,and security in Africa's energy sector

Energy continues to serve as the bedrock of modern economies and the main driver of modern society. For Africa, the production and supply of energy resources such as crude oil, natural gas, uranium, coal, biomass, biofuels and other renewables are an important source of employment, rents, taxes, royalties and profits. This sector brings in several tens of billions of dollars of revenue annually. The production and delivery of such resources, however, depend on critical infrastructures such as pipelines, refineries, processing plants, terminals, rigs, electrical energy pylons, substations, pump stations, vessels, and tankers. These infrastructures have been attacked by terrorists, insurgents, vandals and saboteurs, all of whom see them as targets against which to register their grievances and extract concessions from the state. This paper is a chronological account of some of the documented incidents of terrorism, insurgency, kidnapping, destruction, sabotage, and human casualties suffered in the oil and gas sectors in Africa between 1999 and 2012. It is based on data extracted from the databases of the RAND Database of World Terrorism Incidents and the University of Maryland's Global Terrorism Database (GTD).     

Capacity and competence: full-spectrum counterinsurgency in the Horn of Africa

From 2006 to 2011, al Qaeda's East African proxy, al Shabaab, served as de facto ruling party of Somalia despite the efforts of the internationally recognized Transitional Federal Government (TFG). During these five years, a violent struggle between al Shabaab and the Burundian and Ugandan Peacekeepers of the African Union Mission in Somalia (AMISOM) resulted in thousands of dead civilians, hundreds of thousands of internally displaced persons, and a strategic environment inhospitable to reconciliation, recovery, or development. Beginning in August 2011, AMISOM was able to break the deadlock and force al Shabaab from Mogadishu, then subsequently, Kismayo, and ultimately to consolidate and reorganize in the Somali hinterland. In order to continue the momentum, the African Union and other partner nations must support the newly recognized Somali Federal Government (SFG), neutralize al Shabaab, and provide good governance to its constituents. Al Shabaab's revenue streams must be shut down and their offensive capability must be degraded while the strategic environment is shaped to ensure that conditions conducive to a revival do not exist. Failure to do so will likely see Somalia continuing to produce Islamic extremists and pirates to menace international maritime traffic in the Western Indian Ocean, destabilize East Africa, and adversely impact millions.     

Brazilian National Defence Policy: foreign policy,national security,economic growth,and technological innovation

ABSTRACT

With the world’s ninth largest economy and comprising nearly 60% of South America’s GDP, 47% of its territory, and 49% of its population, Brazil has become a regional power and an important actor in world affairs over recent decades. This scenario has led the government to re-evaluate its role in the world order, resulting in the enactment of the National Defence Policy, whose objective was to consolidate the country as a regional power while at the same time addressing national security issues, promoting economic development through a series of defence programmes, restructuring the defence industrial base, fostering innovation through technology and knowledge transfer to Brazil, and indigenous research and development. However, the policy’s implementation suffers from several challenges discussed in this article, which may test the capability and competence of Brazilian policymakers, military, industrialists, and other individuals and organisations involved in its implementation.     

复杂体系的结构分析和建模研究

根据复杂体系的概念及其所呈现出的多种特性,利用复杂体系的使命分解和复杂体系的元素组成对复杂体系进行综合的结构分析,描述了目标分解、功能分解和行为分解的复杂体系使命目标三阶段分解过程以及系统单元、复合元和体系外部环境的复杂体系三元素结构框架。在此基础上,提出了采用一种“两层四级”的设计思想对复杂体系进行有效的结构建模设计,并针对复杂体系内部的相互位置层次及其功能关联定义了度量实体、层级映射、系统关联性和软构层等相关概念,清晰地阐释了复杂体系结构分析和建模时体系层次映射的实质,从而为复杂体系的效能评估以及体系改进和优化提供一定的理论指导。     

Deviant globalization: the application of strategic landpower*

In both Afghanistan and Iraq, US landpower was able to gain control rapidly over terrain. However, that control ebbed as US presence weakened. Non-state actors, such as the Taliban, the Haqqani network, the Islamic State, and Al Qaeda, gained control of segments of the population. Transnational Criminal Organizations capitalized on this permissive environment to strengthen their networks, often eroding the legitimacy of the host nation government, fueling regional instability, and, ultimately, undermining US policy objectives. The proliferation of deviant globalization, or the connectedness of subversive elements, is a key indicator of future conflict. Strategic landpower is uniquely positioned to influence the physical, psychological, economic, and social interactions of various non-state actors and their association with deviant globalization. It is no longer enough to seize and hold terrain. Landpower must also have the capability to influence the actions and attitudes of populations on that terrain wherever and whenever these interactions occur.     

部队报刊编辑应具备的基本素质

立足部队新闻工作的特点,探讨部队报刊编辑应具备的基本素质,着重从政治素质、道德素质及业务素质三个方面详细论述,并阐明只有在实践中不断积累,不断总结,才能逐步提高工作能力和水平,真正胜任部队报刊编辑工作。