Optimal resource extraction with uncertain reserves

We consider the problem of finding a plan that maximizes the expected discounted return when extracting a nonrenewable resource having uncertain reserves. An extraction plan specifies the rate at which the resource is extracted as a function of time until the resource is exhausted or the time horizon is reached. The return per unit of resource extracted may depend on the rate of extraction, time, and the amount of resource previously extracted. We apply a new method called the generalized search optimization technique to find qualitative features of optimal plans and to devise algorithms for the numerical calculation of optimal plans.     

Minimal forecast horizons in equipment replacement models with multiple technologies and general switching costs

This article considers the problem of equipment replacement in which the replacement decision at a particular time must take into account (i) the state of the existing machine in use, (ii) the available replacement alternatives at the time, (iii) the future advances in the relevant technologies with regard to the equipment under consideration, and (iv) costs of switching between different technologies. A methodology that attains minimal forecast horizons for the problem is developed. A numerical example illustrates the methodology.     

The quadratic minimum spanning tree problem

This article introduces a new optimization problem that involves searching for the spanning tree of minimum cost under a quadratic cost structure. This quadratic minimum spanning tree problem is proven to be NP-hard. A technique for generating lower bounds for this problem is discussed and incorporated into branch-and-bound schemes for obtaining exact solutions. Two heuristic algorithms are also developed. Computational experience with both exact and heuristic algorithms is reported.     

A dynamic general linear model for inference from accelerated life tests

We present a new approach for inference from accelerated life tests. Our approach is based on a dynamic general linear model setup which arises naturally from the accelerated life-testing problem and uses linear Bayesian methods for inference. The advantage of the procedure is that it does not require large numbers of items to be tested and that it can deal with both censored and uncensored data. We illustrate the use of our approach with some actual accelerated life-test data. © 1992 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.     

Performance of N machine centers of K-out-of-M: G type maintained by a single repairman

We consider a system of N (nonsymmetric) machine centers of the K-out-of-M : G type that are maintained by a single repairman. [A machine center functions if and only if at least K of the M machines belonging to the center are good (G).] Such systems are commonly found in various manufacturing and service industries. A stochastic model is developed that accommodates generally distributed repair times and repairman walk times, and most repair scheduling disciplines. K-out-of-M : G type systems also appear as a modeling paradigm in reliability analysis and polling systems performance analysis. Several performance measures are derived for machine-repair systems having K-out-of-M-type centers. A simple example system is developed in detail that exposes the computations involved in modeling applications. © 1992 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.     

通用防空反导火力优化分配方法

针对通用防空反导实时火力优化分配问题,分析了火力分配原则,综合考虑资源约束、空间关系约束以及人工干预等约束条件,以拦截效能最大、消耗费用最小为目标建立火力优化分配模型,并详细设计了拦截效能和消耗费用的表示模型;在该模型基础上,设计了一种基于离散粒子群的优化求解算法;通过仿真验证了模型的合理性和算法的可行性,对通用防空反...     

油料装备信息化的接入模式分析

给出了油料装备信息化中几种常见的信息接入方式:嵌入式系统、条码、射频标签,并对其进行了分析和比较。通过比较,认为嵌入式系统方式、射频标签方式具有较好的环境适应性、保密性和信息可读写性,大型油料装备的信息接入可采用这两种方式;二维条码因成本较低、具有一定的信息容量,可作为油料化验箱等小型装备器材的信息接入方式。最后对被覆线、卫星和短波电台3种信息传输方式的性能进行了比较。     

玻璃瓶动态图像检测运动模拟平台

动态图像检测中,如何在指定位置快速而准确地捕捉到运动物体的图像是最基本的环节。试验验证图像检测装置的成像特性,成为动态图像检测研究的重要内容之一。以变频器控制电动机为核心,通过变频器内部参数编程和外部简单的辅助控制电路,构建了运动平稳、速度可调、具有自动保护功能的模拟平台。该平台适于动态图像检测中普通运动物体的快速模拟,已成功地用于玻璃瓶动态图像装置中,达到了预期目的。     

体内芳纶纤维筋梁受弯性能试验研究分析

通过钢筋混凝土梁与芳纶纤维筋梁的弯曲试验现象和结果,探讨了芳纶纤维筋梁的正截面受力性能和破坏模式,分析了芳纶纤维筋配筋率对混凝土梁的裂缝宽度、挠度和承载力等的影响,为今后进一步研究和设计AFRP筋受弯构件提供了参考。