一种新的非线性PCM编码器

已经研制出一种新的非线性编码器、解码器和PAM级。该系统适合于速率为6.3兆比特/秒的8位PCM码的传输。这相当于96个时分复用话路。压缩特性是对数型的,压缩和扩张的过程是以数字方式完成的。为了消除可能的失真,在编码过程中,编码器避免对PAM抽样的整流。本文给出实验模型的详细电路图。也讨论了应用于实验系统中的改进了的PAM抽样门。最后给出实验结果。     

沙特阿拉伯海军“阿尔·里雅德”号新型隐形多用途护卫舰

“阿尔·里雅德”号隐形护卫舰(AL RIYADH舷号812)是法国海军拉斐特级隐形护卫舰的改进型,由法国海军舰船制造局洛里昂造船厂建造,型号名称F-3000S,2001年9月17日首次海上试航。该舰满载排水量4650吨(比原型舰多950吨),全长135米,两座燃气轮机驱动,主机20.6兆瓦,最大航速25节。该照片为舰艏部特写。     

机动目标跟踪的模糊逻辑方法

作者描述了一种使用模糊逻辑理论推广的交互式多模型(IMM)算法。每一个卡尔曼滤波器都被认为是局部有效的,适用于滤波调节值所确定的目标加速度空间的区域。每个卡尔曼滤波器的有效性是由模糊集合和目标的加速度估值所决定的。用选择适当的模糊集合的叠区间判断接近加速度估值要求的模型的子集。仿真结果包括了典型的机动目标情况,它说明了不同形式的模糊集合的作用。这些证明了这种方法在估计精度和计算量两方面都比IMM优越。     

车轮浪漫曲

1949年1月,我在新泽西州的迪克斯堡结束了步兵基础训练,当时只有17岁的我正值年少气盛,血气方刚,感觉自己就像是电影《第一滴血》中兰博那样的硬汉。陆军派我到弗吉尼亚州的李营（现在的李堡）,担任营区司令部的办事员。我有生以来离开生长的纽约布鲁克林,到过最远的地方就是新泽西州的霍博肯了,因此当时的我可以说是心潮澎湃,急切地渴望着会有一番兰博式的冒险经历。     

危险的赌注美国人如何看台湾公投

2003年12月9日,在会见来访的中国总理温家宝时,乔治·布什总统声明美国支持维护台湾海峡现状。最为引人瞩目的是,他斥责了台湾“总统”陈水扁,“台湾领导人的言行表明其可能会单方面地决定改变现状,我们对此表示反对。”     

A platform for initial testing of multiple camouflage patterns

The human visual system is still an important factor in military warfare; military personnel receive training on effective search strategies, and camouflage that can effectively conceal objects and personnel is a key component of a successful integrated survivability strategy. Previous methods of camouflage assessment have, amongst others, used psychophysics to generate distinctiveness metrics. However, the population from which the human observers are drawn is often not well defined, or necessarily appropriate. In this experiment we designed a new platform for testing multiple patterns based on a camouflaged object detection task, and investigate whether trained military observers perform better than civilians. We use a two-alternative forced choice paradigm, with participants searching images of woodland for a replica military helmet displaying Olive Green, Multi Terrain Pattern, US Marine Pattern or, as a conspicuous control, UN Peacekeeper Blue. Our data show that there is no difference in detection performance between the two observer groups but that there are clear differences in the effectiveness of the different helmet colour patterns in a temperate woodland environment. We conclude that when tasks involve very short stimulus presentation times, task-specific training has little effect on the success of target detection and thus this paradigm is particularly suitable for robust estimates of camouflage efficacy.     

Field test and probabilistic analysis of irregular steel debris casualty risks from a person-borne improvised explosive device

Person-borne improvised explosive devices (PBIEDs) are often used in terrorist attacks in Western countries. This study aims to predict the trajectories of PBIED fragments and the subsequent safety risks for people exposed to this hazard. An explosive field test with a typical PBIED composed of a plastic explosive charge and steel nut enhancements was performed to record initial fragment behaviour, including positions, velocity, and trajectory angles. These data were used to predict the full trajectory of PBIED fragments using a probabilistic analysis. In the probabilistic analyses a probability of fatality or serious injury was computed. Based on the results presented, many practical conclusions can be drawn, for instance, regarding safe evacuation distances if a person were exposed to a suspected PBIED.     

Improvement of VIS and IR camouflage properties by impregnating cotton fabric with PVB/IF-WS2

In order to examine the possibility to improve its camouflage properties standard cotton fabric with camouflage print was impregnated with poly(vinyl butyral), PVB and fullerene-like nanoparticles of tungsten disulfide, PVB/IF-WS₂. FTIR analysis excluded any possible chemical interaction of IF-WS₂ with PVB and the fabric. The camouflage behavior of the impregnated fabric has been examined firstly in the VIS part of the spectrum. Diffuse reflection, specular gloss and color coordinates were measured for three different shades (black, brown and dark green). Thermal imaging was applied to examine the camouflage abilities of this impregnation in IR part of the spectrum. The obtained results show that PVB/IF-WS₂ impregnation system induced enhacement of the materials camouflage properties, i.e. that IF-WS₂ have a positive effect on spectrophotometric characteristics of the fabric.     

"堡垒"计划的破产罗科索夫斯基元帅忆库尔斯克战役准备工作

承蒙解放军出版社同意和支持．刊登《罗科索夫斯基元帅战争回忆录》(解放军出版社,2003年1月)摘选。所选章节为罗科索夫斯基元帅参与库尔斯克战役的内容。因文章篇幅较长,有删节,题目为原章节标题, 小标题为编者所加。