改进型Voronoi图和动态权值A*算法的无人机航迹规划

针对实际作战环境中的不同威胁等级和不同威胁实体的威胁源,提出了改进型的Voronoi图,并建立了基于改进型Voronoi图的航迹规划空间;基于A*算法的估价函数在不同阶段对指标的敏感度不同,在传统的启发式A*搜索算法基础上提出了动态权值A*搜索算法,提高了航迹搜索的效率,实现了航迹搜索过程快速性和准确性的结合。最后通过Matlab仿真计算出由动态权值A*算法得到的最优航迹,并进行了航迹的平滑处理,仿真表明了该方法的可行性。     

基于动力学与运动学的四轮全向移动机器人轨迹跟踪控制

建立了四轮全向移动机器人的运动学模型和动力学模型,并分析了四轮全向移动机器人执行器的机械特性。在此基础上,利用反馈控制设计了四轮全向移动机器人的运动学控制器,利用逆动力学补偿控制设计了四轮全向移动机器人的动力学控制器,实现了基于动力学与运动学的四轮全向移动机器人轨迹跟踪控制系统设计。最后,利用Matlab/Simulink完成了基于动力学与运动学的四轮全向移动机器人轨迹跟踪控制仿真实验,实验结果验证了该轨迹跟踪控制方法的有效性。     

载人登月软着陆制动段最优制导方法(英文)

提出一种解决软着陆制动段燃料最优制导以及闭环控制的方案.首先使用庞氏极大值原理将制动段燃料最优问题转化为一个初值问题,并使用遗传算法搜索求解;其次为了解决最优制导的闭环控制问题,将最优弹道作为标称弹道,使用RCS系统对轨道面内两个方向误差量进行解耦,分别使用极限环控制.仿真表明,所规划出的燃料最优弹道比阿波罗方案能节约159.7 kg的燃料,而闭环控制系统可以将初始1 000 m的位置误差和5 m/s的速度误差收敛到接近段入口误差要求以内,在闭环控制过程中,燃料消耗不大于87.75 kg,总体燃料消耗节约至少71.95 kg.     

舰艇红外隐身技术的探讨

舰艇红外隐身技术在现代战争中发挥着越来越重要的作用.定性描述了舰艇的主要红外辐射源,定量分析了舰艇和背景的红外辐射特征,通过分析舰艇对红外隐身的要求,结合舰艇红外隐身的发展现状,研究了舰艇红外隐身技术所采取的措施.     

舰船航渡过程中的松弛时间与航渡策略问题

针对舰船特点和任务要求,提出了舰船航渡中的松弛时间问题。在对问题分析的基础上,给出了松弛时间的定义并对其进行了建模,讨论了航渡失败的判断准则,给出了松弛时间的上下限以及航渡中实际的松弛时间的计算方法,并采用仿真的方法进行了典型航渡过程的松弛时间和成功概率的计算。在大量计算的基础上,初步探讨了航渡成功概率与各类航渡参数之间的关系,并对舰船最优航渡策略问题进行了初步分析,最后对于优化目标、计算初值、结果的表达方式等提出了一个可行的解决方案。     

一类微分方程组极限环的不存在性

在系统奇点唯一的条件下,研究了一类微分方程组不存在极限环的的充分条件,运用和发展了以往的结果。     

战场环境下无人车辆战术机动路径规划方法

针对不同类型威胁体存在的战场环境中无人车辆战术机动路径规划问题,提出了一种基于威胁代价地图的粒子群优化（Particle Swarm Optimization,PSO）方法。借助极坐标系中关键点的极角进行路径描述,并使用分段3次Hermite插值方法形成光滑路径,将路径规划问题转化为关键点极角的参数优化问题。针对基本PSO（BPSO）算法存在的早熟收敛和后期迭代效率低的缺陷,借鉴以群集方式生活的物种按照不同任务对种群进行分工的机制,提出了一种基于多任务子群协同的改进粒子群优化（Particle Swarm Optimization based on the Multi—tasking Subpopu—lation Cooperation,PSO-MSC）算法。借助该算法的快速收敛和全局寻优特性实现了最优路径规划。实验结果表明：该算法可以快速有效地实现战场环境下无人车辆的战术机动路径规划,且规划路径安全、平滑。     

Evaluation of effectiveness of polymer coatings in reducing blast-induced deformation of steel plates

Incorporating elastomers such as polymers in protective structures to withstand high energetic dynamic loads, has gained significant interest. The main objective of this study is to investigate the influence of a Polyurea coating towards the blast-induced response in steel plates. As such, Polyurea coated steel plates were tested under near-field blast loads, produced by the detonation of 1 kg of spherical nitromethane charges, at a standoff distance of 150 mm. Mild steel (XLERPLATE 350) and high-strength steel (BIS80) plates with thicknesses of 10 mm were Polyurea coated with thicknesses of 6 mm and 12 mm on either the front (facing the charge) or the back face. The deformation profiles were measured using 3D scanning. Numerical simulations were performed using the non-linear finite element code LS-DYNA. The strain-dependent behaviour of the steel and Polyurea were represented by Johnson-cook and Money-Rivlin constitutive models, respectively. The numerical models were validated by comparing the plate deflection results obtained from the experiments and were then used in the subsequent parametric study to investigate the optimum thickness of the Polyurea coating. The results indicate that back face coating contributes towards an approximately 20% reduction in the residual deformation as well as the absence of melting of the Polyurea layer, while the front-face coating can be used a means of providing additional standoff distance to the steel plates.     

Becoming a disarmament champion: the Austrian crusade against nuclear weapons

ABSTRACT

The making of the Treaty on the Prohibition of Nuclear Weapons (TPNW) has put Austria and its involvement in nuclear disarmament in the spotlight. This study highlights several factors that led Austria to become a prominent voice in nuclear-disarmament debates. First, its involvement dovetails with the emphasis on humanitarian disarmament it has promoted since the 1990s. Second, a strong antinuclear identity pervades Austrian society. This “nuclear allergy” combines antimilitarism inherited from the Cold War and, more broadly, an aversion to nuclear power, including for energy purposes. These two considerations form the background to the increased activism of the Austrian Foreign Ministry on nuclear disarmament in international fora. But, equally, Austria’s crusade for the TPNW can be attributed to the engagement of a small team of diplomats implementing personal as well as national preferences in favor of disarmament.