Partial penetration of annular grooved projectiles impacting ductile metal targets

Changing and optimizing the projectile nose shape is an important way to achieve specific ballistic performance. One special ballistic performance is the embedding effect, which can achieve a delayed high-explosive reaction on the target surface. This embedding effect includes a rebound phase that is significantly different from the traditional penetration process. To better study embedment behavior, this study proposed a novel nose shape called an annular grooved projectile and defined its interaction process with the ductile metal plate as partial penetration. Specifically, we conducted a series of low-velocity-ballistic tests in which these steel projectiles were used to strike 16-mm-thick target plates made with 2024-O aluminum alloy. We observed the dynamic evolution characteristics of this aluminum alloy near the impact craters and analyzed these characteristics by corresponding cross-sectional views and numerical simulations. The results indicated that the penetration resistance had a brief decrease that was influenced by its groove structure, but then it increased significantly-that is, the fluctuation of penetration resistance was affected by the irregular nose shape. Moreover, we visualized the distribution of the material in the groove and its inflow process through the rheology lines in microscopic tests and the highlighted mesh lines in simulations. The combination of these phenomena revealed the embed-ment mechanism of the annular grooved projectile and optimized the design of the groove shape to achieve a more firm embedment performance. The embedment was achieved primarily by the target material filled in the groove structure. Therefore, preventing the shear failure that occurred on the filling material was key to achieving this embedding effect.     

战场态势一致性技术专题讲座(一) 第2讲 互操作作战图族

文章介绍了网络中心战(NCW)、互操作作战图族(FIOP)的基本概念、层次结构以及对应关系。概述了战场态势的构成要素,以及互操作作战图族中三级态势图的主要功能。描述了战区共用作战图的报告层次和建立过程。     

运输危险品液货船气体浓度场的建模精度和可视化研究

在运输危险品液货船气体浓度场的动态分布建模分析一文的基础上 ,提出了提高气体浓度场的动态分布数学模型精度的一种新方法和实现可视化研究的基本思想     

并行程序调试中的环境再现技术

为解决调试并行程序碰到的第一个困难:并行程序的不确定性,文中提出了环境再现技术。文中叙述了环境再现技术的思想和实现这一技术需要的数据结构,并用CCNPASCAL语言进行了描述,最后给出了一个典型的应用例子。     

基于VCSEL实时点到点OFDM光信号在MMFs中的传输

通过实验,在使用未冷却直调3.63 GHz垂直腔面发射激光器的简单强度调制和直接检测系统中,首次证明在800 m OM2多模光纤上采用正交频分复用技术进行64 QAM(正交幅度调制)编码实现实时点到点通信,传输速度为11.25 Gb/s,功率损失1 d B。     

大数据技术专题讲座(二) 第3讲 面向大数据处理的MapReduce优化技术

随着大数据时代的到来,大规模数据的处理技术研究层出不穷。MapReduce计算框架的出现,暂时缓解了大数据的处理难题。虽然MapReduce能够实现大规模数据(通常为PB级甚至EB级)的高效并行处理,但在企业应用环境中,MapReduce底层架构和处理模式上的缺陷逐渐暴露出来,造成了处理效率、执行性能上的一些瓶颈。针对这些不足,结合企业实际处理需求,产生了针对MapReduce的各个方面的优化研究。文中首先阐述了MapReduce的编程模型和实现机制,然后总结了对MapReduce作业调度、实时处理、架构和服务等方面的优化研究,最后对MapReduce各种优化技术进行了总结和展望。     

基于改进Morison公式的海上漂浮软管波浪载荷计算

针对海上漂浮软管波浪载荷计算,分析了软管在海上的形态和受力特点,建立了海上漂浮软管力学分析模型,指出直接运用现有Morison方程计算漂浮软管波浪载荷存在的不足,并根据基本原理提出了改进Morison方程。对海上软质管线处于一定海况,分别运用改进Morison方程与现有Morison方程计算海上波浪载荷,并运用ANSYS软件建立软管模型,结果表明现有Morison方程不适用于计算海上漂浮软管波浪载荷,载荷计算结果偏高约15%,从而验证了改进Morison方程的精确性,有利于准确分析波浪载荷对海上漂浮软管的作用情况。     

基于自适应二阶终端滑模的航天器有限时间姿态机动算法

针对航天器有限时间姿态机动问题,提出一种自适应二阶终端滑模控制算法。设计一种终端滑模面,保证系统状态能够在有限时间内沿滑模面收敛到系统原点;为克服系统抖振,设计了二阶终端滑模控制器,并采用参数自适应估计项补偿系统中的外部干扰力矩。基于Lyapunov函数法证明了二阶自适应终端滑模控制器能够保证闭环系统实际有限时间稳定。仿真结果表明,提出的姿态机动算法响应速度快、精度高,能够有效实现对系统抖振和外部干扰的抑制,具有重要的科学意义和工程应用价值。     

Revisiting the Defense–Growth nexus in European countries

This study revisits the long run and dynamic causal linkages between defense spending and economic growth in 15 selected European countries for the period 1988–2010 by utilizing recent developments in non-stationary panel data analysis. To this end, the series properties of per capita defense spending, per capita real capita stocks, and per capita real GDP are investigated by the panel unit root tests with and without breaks that support evidence on unit root. The panel cointegration tests with and without breaks are also subsequently employed to investigate whether there exists a long-run equilibrium relationship between these three variables. Finally, our causality analysis from panel vector error-correction model suggests that there is a feedback relation between real capital stock and real GDP in both short and long run, a one-way Granger causality running from real GDP to defense spending in both short and long run, and defense spending only Granger causes real capital stock in the long run.     

罐底渗漏的罐基油气质量分数探测法识别

油罐是油品储运的重要设备,罐底最易出现穿孔渗漏油现象,致使罐基内部油气质量分数高于正常值。以油库中柴油覆土罐群为例,研究并试验了根据罐基油气质量分数识别罐底渗漏的方法：分析罐基探漏孔位置分布并钻孔;多次探测罐基油气质量分数,根据探测数据识别各罐有无底部渗漏;为了便于以后检测油库时识别各罐有无渗漏,为各罐建立状态监测表,并将无渗漏的罐基油气质量分数最高值暂定为该类罐的安全值,低于该安全值的油罐可直接判定为无渗漏。实践结果证明,这种不开罐检测罐底渗漏油的方法可及时发现故障并采取措施,对储油安全具有重要意义。