On scheduling with earliest starts and due dates on a group of identical machines

This paper examines the (n, m) scheduling problem with n operations distributed among m machines. An algorithm for solving this problem is presented and, gives a good heuristic solution on a wide class of problems. Computational results are reported which demonstrate the efficiency of this approach.     

Convergence of the bounded fixed charge programming problem

Calculating the solution for a mixed integer linear programming problem has been problematic for any sizable dimension because of the time required. Accordingly, an improved method for the fixed charge problem is presented here. The method is a modification of a bounding technique first suggested by Balinski, and it exploits fully the ratio of costio-use, first described by Cooper and Drebes. It exploits those local properties which have global application so that enumeration is confined to those relatively few combinations which cannot be evaluated otherwise.     

Optimal flowshop schedules with no intermediate storage space

In this paper the problem of finding an optimal schedule for the n-job, M-machine flowshop scheduling problem is considered when there is no intermediate space to hold partially completed jobs and the objective function is to minimize the weighted sum of idle times on all machines. By assuming that jobs are processed as early as possible, the problem is modeled as a traveling salesman problem and solved by known solution techniques for the traveling salesman problem. A sample problem is solved and a special case, one involving only two machines, is discussed.     

Estimation in single server queues

Moment and maximum likelihood estimates (m.l.e.'s) arc investigated for nonparametric and parametric models for a single server queue observed over a random time horizon, namely, up to the nth departure epoch. Also. m.l.e's of the mean interarrival time and mean service time in anM/M/1 queue observed over a fixed time-interval are studied Limit distributions of these estimates are obtained Without imposing steady state assumptions on the queue-size or waiting time processes.     

Seeking a stable future: perspectives on population policy. The legal approach: women's rights as human rights

As it has grappled with issues of population policy, the international community has emphasized that women's reproductive rights are human rights. Scholars have also acknowledged that the right to reproductive health care exists within the scope of international human rights treaties and conventions and that gender equality, nondiscrimination, and freedom from government interference in marriage and family life are also guaranteed. Further protections extend to counseling and health information and referral. The Programme of Action of the 1994 International Conference on Population and Development continues this trend by emphasizing the importance of human rights for attaining population and development objectives, calling on governments to focus their efforts on improving the quality of life for individuals, and endorsing the notion that reproductive rights are universal human rights. Reproductive health care options are also influenced by sovereign laws that restrict availability of contraception, sterilization, or abortion. However, universal rights and unrestricted access must be complemented by other factors controlled by domestic laws to guarantee reproductive choice. Such laws cover issues like marriage age, divorce, marital property, child support, maternity benefits, day care, sex discrimination, eligibility for insurance, confidentiality, spousal consent, rape, and sexual abuse. Countries must modify restrictive national laws and promote laws protecting women's rights.     

航空集群机载网络Failure-Oblivious路由策略

航空集群机载网络作为集群成员间信息交互的纽带,其路由策略性能优劣直接影响信息传输实时性与可靠性,从而制约网络化集群作战效能发挥.考虑到航空集群机载网络具有诸多不确定性,为应对路由失效以及尽可能避免路由更新,从路由选择算法的角度,在软件定义网络架构下提出Failure-Oblivious路由策略.与传统路由策略不同的是,...     

Mission Command in the Information Age: A Normal Accidents Perspective on Networked Military Operations

Theory on the use of information technology in military operations assumes that bringing together units in an information network helps units to work together. Decentralized command systems such as mission command have been proposed for these networks, so that units can adapt to changes in their turbulent working environments. Others have proposed centralized command systems that permit higher organizational levels to closely direct military operations. This article uses Perrow’s (1984, 1999) Normal Accidents Theory to propose that increasing interdependencies between units in information networks places incompatible demands on the design of networked military operations. It is concluded that networked military operations require decentralized command approaches, but only under the condition that interdependencies between modules of networked units are weak rather than tight. This precondition is essential for retaining control over networked military operations.     

混合现实技术在军事训练中的应用优势——以美军综合训练环境为例

随着科技手段的进步,现代战争的作战样式不断发展。信息化条件下的作战对军事训练提出了更高要求,传统的训练方法与模式亟待改进。混合现实技术的应用开辟了军事训练新模式。这种针对数据的可视化集成运用以及在其基础上开发的训练系统,通过对数据的处理利用实现了军事训练效果的有效评估。本文以美国陆军综合训练环境这一混合现实技术在军事训练中的典型应用案例作为对象,分析概述了综合训练环境的世界地形、训练模拟软件及训练管理工具三大组成部分的功能特点、架构组成,并根据混合现实技术的发展状况探析综合训练环境的应用优势,以期为军队混合现实技术在军事训练中的应用提供一定借鉴。     

Evaluation of effectiveness of polymer coatings in reducing blast-induced deformation of steel plates

Incorporating elastomers such as polymers in protective structures to withstand high energetic dynamic loads, has gained significant interest. The main objective of this study is to investigate the influence of a Polyurea coating towards the blast-induced response in steel plates. As such, Polyurea coated steel plates were tested under near-field blast loads, produced by the detonation of 1 kg of spherical nitromethane charges, at a standoff distance of 150 mm. Mild steel (XLERPLATE 350) and high-strength steel (BIS80) plates with thicknesses of 10 mm were Polyurea coated with thicknesses of 6 mm and 12 mm on either the front (facing the charge) or the back face. The deformation profiles were measured using 3D scanning. Numerical simulations were performed using the non-linear finite element code LS-DYNA. The strain-dependent behaviour of the steel and Polyurea were represented by Johnson-cook and Money-Rivlin constitutive models, respectively. The numerical models were validated by comparing the plate deflection results obtained from the experiments and were then used in the subsequent parametric study to investigate the optimum thickness of the Polyurea coating. The results indicate that back face coating contributes towards an approximately 20% reduction in the residual deformation as well as the absence of melting of the Polyurea layer, while the front-face coating can be used a means of providing additional standoff distance to the steel plates.