Optimal policies for M/M/m queue with two different kinds of (N,T)‐policies

In this paper, two different kinds of (N, T)‐policies for an M/M/m queueing system are studied. The system operates only intermittently and is shut down when no customers are present any more. A fixed setup cost of K > 0 is incurred each time the system is reopened. Also, a holding cost of h > 0 per unit time is incurred for each customer present. The two (N, T)‐policies studied for this queueing system with cost structures are as follows: (1) The system is reactivated as soon as N customers are present or the waiting time of the leading customer reaches a predefined time T, and (2) the system is reactivated as soon as N customers are present or the time units after the end of the last busy period reaches a predefined time T. The equations satisfied by the optimal policy (N*, T*) for minimizing the long‐run average cost per unit time in both cases are obtained. Particularly, we obtain the explicit optimal joint policy (N*, T*) and optimal objective value for the case of a single server, the explicit optimal policy N* and optimal objective value for the case of multiple servers when only predefined customers number N is measured, and the explicit optimal policy T* and optimal objective value for the case of multiple servers when only predefined time units T is measured, respectively. These results partly extend (1) the classic N or T policy to a more practical (N, T)‐policy and (2) the conclusions obtained for single server system to a system consisting of m (m ≥ 1) servers. © 2000 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. Naval Research Logistics 47: 240–258, 2000     

危险的致癌物质——亚硝胺

环境中的有毒的致癌物质越来越多 ,亚硝胺就是其中一种。虽然它在环境中含量并不大 ,但由于它来源的广泛性和致癌机理的特殊性 ,已引起了人们的高度重视。本文对亚硝胺的来源、形成条件、致癌机理及控制方法作了探索性研究     

兵团应以积极的市场经济战略挑战大开发

兵团应抓住实施西部大开发战略之机,以市场经济战略积极参与挑战。西部大开发战略与以往的开发大西北不同,兵团应以市场经济为基础,创立新的经济体制;以市场为导向,确立大开发战略;以富民政策为根本确立新的大发展思想;以可持续发展为前提,确立全新的发展思路;以小城镇建设为依托积极发展兵团经济。     

考虑直流侧线路阻抗时十二相发电机整流系统突然短路的研究

根据十二相同步发电机的数学模型,对考虑直流侧线路阻抗的十二相发电机整流供电系统直流侧突然短路过程进行了数字仿真及试验验证.分析了线路电阻和电感对短路电流的影响.     

废气涡轮增压柴油机动态模型研究

研究了废气涡轮增压柴油机作为转速控制对象时的动态数学模型 ,并在此基础上建立了数字式电子调速器仿真系统 .     

酸性条件下几种锅炉炉管钢腐蚀性能分析

研究了几种锅炉炉管钢在 p H=3的 H2 SO4 溶液中腐蚀速率的差异 .电化学测试结果表明 :炉管钢的腐蚀速率与钢中合金元素的种类和含量有一定关系 ;含铬、钼量较高的钢种腐蚀速率较低 .由此可见 ,铬元素是抑制炉管钢在酸性介质中发生腐蚀的最主要的合金元素 ,其他元素如钼、镍等对炉管钢的腐蚀性能也有重要影响     

基于自适应原理的传感器增益故障诊断方法

基于自适应原理提出一种传感器增益故障诊断方法。首先将传感器增益故障表示为传感器偏差故障,再将其表示为执行机构故障,利用自适应原理估计出传感器偏差故障幅度,最后用最小二乘法估计出增益故障幅度。分别对有、无系统噪声和模型误差的情况进行了讨论,最后给出仿真结果     

维修性增长趋势检验研究

对即时改进和延缓改进两种维修性增长规划方式进行了趋势检验研究.针对即时改进的维修性增长规划方式,提出了趋势检验的图示法和Laplace方法.针对延缓改进的维修性增长规划方式,根据修复率(第i阶段的修复率为μi)的顺序约束条件:∞>μm≥…≥μi≥…≥μ2≥μ1>0,探讨了指数分布和正态分布维修性增长趋势检验的区间估计法,并结合数值例说明了这些方法的可行性.     

New inequalities for finite and infinite group problems from approximate lifting

In this paper, we derive new families of facet‐defining inequalities for the finite group problem and extreme inequalities for the infinite group problem using approximate lifting. The new valid inequalities for the finite group problem include two‐ and three‐slope facet‐defining inequalities as well as the first family of four‐slope facet‐defining inequalities. The new valid inequalities for the infinite group problem include families of two‐ and three‐slope extreme inequalities. These new inequalities not only illustrate the diversity of strong inequalities for the finite and infinite group problems, but also provide a large variety of new cutting planes for solving integer and mixed‐integer programming problems. © 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Naval Research Logistics, 2008     

Dynamic inventory management with cash flow constraints

In this article, we consider a classic dynamic inventory control problem of a self‐financing retailer who periodically replenishes its stock from a supplier and sells it to the market. The replenishment decisions of the retailer are constrained by cash flow, which is updated periodically following purchasing and sales in each period. Excess demand in each period is lost when insufficient inventory is in stock. The retailer's objective is to maximize its expected terminal wealth at the end of the planning horizon. We characterize the optimal inventory control policy and present a simple algorithm for computing the optimal policies for each period. Conditions are identified under which the optimal control policies are identical across periods. We also present comparative statics results on the optimal control policy. © 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Naval Research Logistics 2008