机械设计系列课程教改对比试验情况分析

简述了机械设计系列课程教学改革的主要思想,给出了教改教学实践环节中对比试验的具体内容。通过重点分析对比试验的量化指标,对教改进行了阶段总结,归纳了教改的若干经验,提出了存在的问题并分析了原因。     

A general model for accelerated life testing with time‐dependent covariates

This paper introduces a general or “distribution‐free” model to analyze the lifetime of components under accelerated life testing. Unlike the accelerated failure time (AFT) models, the proposed model shares the advantage of being “distribution‐free” with the proportional hazard (PH) model and overcomes the deficiency of the PH model not allowing survival curves corresponding to different values of a covariate to cross. In this research, we extend and modify the extended hazard regression (EHR) model using the partial likelihood function to analyze failure data with time‐dependent covariates. The new model can be easily adopted to create an accelerated life testing model with different types of stress loading. For example, stress loading in accelerated life testing can be a step function, cyclic, or linear function with time. These types of stress loadings reduce the testing time and increase the number of failures of components under test. The proposed EHR model with time‐dependent covariates which incorporates multiple stress loadings requires further verification. Therefore, we conduct an accelerated life test in the laboratory by subjecting components to time‐dependent stresses, and we compare the reliability estimation based on the developed model with that obtained from experimental results. The combination of the theoretical development of the accelerated life testing model verified by laboratory experiments offers a unique perspective to reliability model building and verification. © 1999 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. Naval Research Logistics 46: 303–321, 1999     

Designing a degradation experiment

Degradation experiments are widely used to assess the reliability of highly reliable products which are not likely to fail under the traditional life tests. In order to conduct a degradation experiment efficiently, several factors, such as the inspection frequency, the sample size, and the termination time, need to be considered carefully. These factors not only affect the experimental cost, but also affect the precision of the estimate of a product's lifetime. In this paper, we deal with the optimal design of a degradation experiment. Under the constraint that the total experimental cost does not exceed a predetermined budget, the optimal decision variables are solved by minimizing the variance of the estimated 100pth percentile of the lifetime distribution of the product. An example is provided to illustrate the proposed method. Finally, a simulation study is conducted to investigate the robustness of this proposed method. © 1999 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. Naval Research Logistics 46: 689–706, 1999     

神经网络在自行火炮发动机燃油系统故障诊断中的应用

在讨论神经网络快速算法的基础上,研究了自行火炮发动机燃油供给系统几种常见故障的诊断方法,并在发动机实际运行中进行试验,结果表明,神经网络的采用使诊断模型具有智能化特点,用于发动机故障诊断效果是明显的。     

基于Hurst指数的油罐声发射信号分析

由油罐声发射检测直接得出油罐底板状态等级的评价研究工作有待完善。提出一种基于Hurst指数理论分析声发射信号幅值最大值分布的评价方法。从Hurst指数分形理论出发,结合声发射信号参数处理方法,给出研究条件假设,分析现场油罐声发射信号结果,并与开罐检测的底板状况加以对比分析。研究发现,相同检测条件,同种类型油罐底板状态等级与Hurst指数呈相反的关系。     

基于空间网格的制导方法研究

针对传统摄动制导修正大干扰能力的缺点,提出一种基于空间网格的制导方法.分析了空间网格法的基本原理,对其建立的要素和具体方法进行了详细说明.并从3个不同侧面对该方法的规律性进行了分析.通过仿真,证明空间网格法有效可行,具有弹上计算简单,数据存储量少,控制易实现,能实时修正大干扰偏差的优点.使其在提高导弹的制导精度和弹上计算效率方面,具有一定的应用前景和参考价值.     

复杂作战网络建模及模型特征

针对传统网络模型难以反映多军种联合作战特点的问题,在传统树状网络拓扑模型的基础上加入了横向连接,构建了一个基于复杂网络的联合作战网络模型。该模型打破了以平台为中心的作战样式,体现了信息化条件下联合作战的特点。定义了网络模型的若干参数,通过对仿真计算结果的统计,分析了该模型的特征参数,得出该作战网络具有规则网络和随机网络的特性,且模型从整体上体现出树状层次性、无标度性和小世界特性。     

反解法在再入机动弹道设计中的应用研究

简要分析了一般的再入机动弹道设计方法,即正解法.针对正解法对模型依赖性强和对初值非常敏感的问题,提出了一种基于误差补偿的机动弹道设计方法——反解法.该方法从弹道终端出发反解弹道,将计算结果误差转化为机动点参数误差,再通过关机点或中制导的调整进行误差补偿,从而有利于命中精度和打击效果的实现.仿真结果表明,该方法计算简便,对工程应用有一定的参考价值.     

等离子弧加热切削工程陶瓷试验

主要阐述了采用自制新型水介质等离子弧设备对氮化硅陶瓷材料进行加热辅助切削的试验条件及过程。通过对加工后刀具磨损的测量,总结出在热源距离h=8mm,电流I=6A,电压U=140V的热源条件下,采用V=450r/min、f=0·08mm/r和ap=0·2mm的切削用量时,刀具磨损比较小,切削效果理想。该试验说明了应用该小功率水介质等离子弧辅助加热切削氮化硅陶瓷材料的方法可行而有效,能够大大降低加工成本,对促进工程陶瓷材料的更广泛应用具有重要意义。     

发挥"四个作用" 推进部队科学发展

着眼发挥"四个作用"抓党建,必须把能力建设作为关键来抓,打牢引领部队科学发展的素质基础;把制度建设作为根本保证,形成引领部队科学发展的运行机制;把作风建设作为突破口,增强引领部队科学发展的指导效能;把树好形象作为基本导向,发挥引领部队科学发展的示范功能。